Cedarwood (cedrus atlantica) • Spruce (picea mariana) • Aniba rosaeodora (rosewood) • Myrtle (myrtle communis) • Sandalwood (santalum album) • Frankincense (boswellia carteri) • Mugwort (artemisia vulgaris).
Brand name products often contain multiple ingredients. To read detailed information about each ingredient, click on the link for the individual ingredient shown above.
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Inspiration Essential Oil. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the effectiveness of bois de rose oil.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the effectiveness of Eastern red cedar.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Inspiration Essential Oil. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods. Bois de rose oil has Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status in the US (4912). ...when used topically as a cosmetic ingredient; it is reported to be nontoxic (11). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of bois de rose oil when used orally or topically as medicine.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when used orally in large amounts (exact dose not specified). Overdose of Eastern red cedar essential oil has been associated with vomiting, convulsions, coma, and fatality (12). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of Eastern red cedar when used orally in smaller amounts or when applied topically.
PREGNANCY: LIKELY UNSAFE
when used orally.
Eastern red cedar is contraindicated in pregnancy due to reports of abortifacient activity. The specific part or dose of Eastern red cedar associated with its abortifacient activity is unclear (12); avoid using.
LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when frankincense essential oil is used topically or by inhalation as aromatherapy (7107). ...when frankincense gum extracts of Boswellia are used topically. Cream containing Boswellia 0.5% to 2% has been used with apparent safely for up to 30 days (21156,21157,91380).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of mugwort when used orally or topically.
PREGNANCY: LIKELY UNSAFE
when used orally.
Mugwort is said to be an abortifacient and a menstrual and uterine stimulant (2,12).
LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when myrtle berry is used orally, short term. Myrtle berry powder 2,250 mg daily has been used with apparent safety for up to 5 days (106778). ...when diluted myrtle leaf extract is used topically and appropriately, short term. A paste containing myrtle leaf extract 5% has been used with apparent safety for up to 6 days (98643). Other myrtle leaf extracts have been applied to the face for up to 16 weeks with apparent safety (106780). ...when myrtle leaf extract is used intravaginally and appropriately, short term. Vaginal suppositories containing myrtle leaf extract 10% and leaf essential oil 0.5% have been used with apparent safety for up to three menstrual cycles (98644).
LIKELY UNSAFE ...when the undiluted oil of myrtle leaf is used orally. Myrtle leaf contains cineole. Ingesting more than 10 grams of cineole can result in respiratory failure and collapse (18). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of myrtle leaf and branch when used orally. There is also insufficient reliable information available about the safety of myrtle berry when used topically or myrtle berry extract when used orally or topically.
CHILDREN: LIKELY UNSAFE
when myrtle oil is used orally.
Avoid facial contact with myrtle oil preparations which may cause glottal spasm, bronchospasm, asthma-like attacks, or respiratory failure in infants or small children (18).
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of myrtle berry or myrtle berry extract when used orally in children.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: LIKELY UNSAFE
when used orally (18); avoid using.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of hemlock spruce.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods. White sandalwood oil has Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) status for use in foods in the US (4912).
POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when used orally for longer than 6 weeks. Use for more than 6 weeks is associated with kidney damage (12,19). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of white sandalwood when inhaled or when used topically in amounts greater than those found in cosmetics.
PREGNANCY: LIKELY UNSAFE
when used orally in medicinal amounts; sandalwood is reported to have abortifacient effects (19); avoid using.
LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using amounts greater than those found in foods.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Inspiration Essential Oil. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
In mice and rats given hexobarbital or pentobarbital, sleep time is reduced and metabolism of the drug is increased when they inhale essential oil vapor from Eastern red cedar wood chips in their bedding (19,98802). Cedrol and cedrene in the essential oil are reported to induce liver microsomal enzymes (19). Theoretically, inhaling Eastern red cedar wood fragrance might reduce the efficacy of hexobarbital or pentobarbital in humans.
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White sandalwood is thought to have diuretic properties. Theoretically, due to these potential diuretic effects, white sandalwood might reduce excretion and increase levels of lithium. The dose of lithium might need to be decreased.
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Inspiration Essential Oil. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General ...Bois de rose oil is well tolerated when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods or when used topically as an ingredient in cosmetic products (11,4912). When used as medicine, no adverse effects have been reported. However, a thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted.
General ...Orally, overdose of Eastern red cedar oil might cause burning in the stomach, vomiting, convulsions, coma, and death (12). Topically, Eastern red cedar oil might cause local allergic reactions and irritation; however, several clinical assessments of safety show that applying Eastern red cedar oil topically does not cause skin sensitization or irritation (11,98802).
Dermatologic ...Eastern red cedar oil might cause local allergic reactions and irritation when used topically; however, sevearl clinical assessments of safety show that applying Eastern red cedar oil topically does not cause skin sensitization or irritation(11,98802).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, overdose of Eastern red cedar oil (dose not specified) might cause burning in the stomach and vomiting (12).
Neurologic/CNS ...Orally, overdose of Eastern red cedar oil (dose not specified) might cause convulsions, coma, and death (12).
General
...Topically and by inhalation, frankincense essential oil seems to be well tolerated.
For information on the safety of frankincense when used orally, see the Boswellia serrata monograph.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Topically: Dermatitis, irritation, itching.
Dermatologic ...In one case report, a 68-year-old female presented with contact dermatitis after frequent diffusion of a specific frankincense essential oil product (Young Living Essential Oils) and application to the pillow each night. The patient also applied various other creams to the face. Patch testing identified a positive reaction to frankincense oil and multiple other substances (110145). In another case report, a 28-year-old female developed a severe eczematous rash on the thigh after applying a cream containing frankincense, rosemary, olive oil, and beeswax for 5 days. Patch testing identified a positive reaction to frankincense only (36892).
Immunologic ...Frankincense has been rarely reported to cause allergic skin reactions. In one case report, a 68-year-old female with no history of atopy presented with contact dermatitis after frequent diffusion of a specific frankincense essential oil product (Young Living Essential Oils) and application to the pillow each night. The patient also applied various other creams to the face. Patch testing identified a positive reaction to frankincense oil and multiple other substances (110145). In another case report, a 28-year-old female with a history of atopy developed a severe eczematous rash on the thigh after applying a cream containing frankincense, rosemary, olive oil, and beeswax for 5 days. Patch testing identified a positive reaction to frankincense only (36892).
General
...Orally, adverse effects to mugwort seem to be rare; however, a thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
All ROAs: Allergic reactions.
Immunologic ...Allergy to mugwort pollen has been reported when taken orally or inhaled. Symptoms have included asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, rash, and anaphylaxis (567,3717,31341,35623,57474,63909,63915,63917,92852,92853)(101049,101050,101051,101052).
Psychiatric ...Orally, mania has been reported in a 49-year-old male following the intake of 1 liter of an infusion thought to contain mugwort. The presence of thujone in the patient's serum and urine was confirmed, and thujone poisoning was considered to be the cause of these symptoms. Although thujone levels are normally low in mugwort, concentrations can be variable. It was postulated that the mugwort infusion contained an unusually high amount of thujone. It was also considered to be possible that the metabolism of thujone was decreased in this particular patient or that the poisoning was related to the chronic intake of small amounts. However, a sample of the plant was not analyzed, and adulteration or contamination by a related species cannot be ruled out (101053).
General
...There is currently a limited amount of information on the adverse effects of oral and intravaginal myrtle.
A thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted. Topically, myrtle leaf seems to be generally well tolerated in adults.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Topically: Dry skin.
Intravaginally: Vaginal irritation and dryness.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: Hypotension, respiratory failure.
Topically: Bronchial spasm and respiratory failure, most commonly in infants or children.
Cardiovascular ...Orally, very large amounts of undiluted myrtle leaf oil might lead to low blood pressure and circulatory disorders due to the cineole constituent (18).
Dermatologic ...Topically, myrtle leaf extract has been reported to cause dry skin (106777).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, myrtle berry extract has been reported to cause constipation in infants and young children (106781).
Genitourinary ...Intravaginally, myrtle leaf extract suppositories have been reported to cause vaginal irritation and dryness (98644).
Pulmonary/Respiratory
...Orally, consumption of very large amounts of undiluted myrtle leaf oil might lead to respiratory failure and collapse (18).
Topically, facial contact with myrtle oil preparations may cause glottal or bronchial spasm, asthma-like attacks, or respiratory failure in infants and children (18).
General ...None reported; however, a thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted.
General ...Orally, white sandalwood may cause itching, nausea, gastrointestinal complaints, and blood in the urine (18). Use of large doses or for more than 6 weeks is associated with kidney damage (12,19). Topically, contact dermatitis can occur in sensitive individuals (73081,73082,99292).
Dermatologic ...Orally, white sandalwood may cause itching (18).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, white sandalwood may cause nausea and gastrointestinal complaints (18).
Immunologic ...Topically or when inhaled, there are case reports of white sandalwood paste or oil causing contact and photoallergic contact dermatitis (73081,73082,99292).
Renal ...Orally, use of large doses of white sandalwood or for more than 6 weeks is associated with kidney damage, with blood in the urine (12,18,19).
