References
Oats
12
McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.
2737
Ludwig DS, Pereira MA, Kroenke CH, et al. Dietary fiber, weight gain, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in young adults. JAMA 1999;282:1539-46. View abstract.
2956
Davy BM, Melby CL, Beske SD, et al. Oat consumption does not affect resting casual and ambulatory 24-h arterial blood pressure in men with high-normal blood pressure to stage I hypertension. J Nutr 2002;132:394-8.. View abstract.
4820
Schatzkin A, Lanza E, Corle D, et al. Lack of effect of a low-fat, high-fiber diet on the recurrence of colorectal adenomas. Polyp Prevention Trial Study Group. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1149-55. View abstract.
4912
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Available at: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=182
4960
FDA Talk Paper. FDA Allows Whole Oat Foods to make Claim on Reducing the Risk of Heart Disease. 1997. Available at: vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/tpoats.html.
4961
Wursch P, Pi-Sunyer FX. The role of viscous soluble fiber in the metabolic control of diabetes. A review with special emphasis on cereals rich in beta-glucan. Diabetes Care 1997;20:1774-80. View abstract.
4962
Pietinen P, Rimm EB, Korhonen P, et al. Intake of dietary fiber and risk of coronary heart disease in a cohort of Finnish men. The alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene cancer prevention study. Circulation 1996;94:2720-7. View abstract.
4963
Van Horn L. Fiber, lipids, and coronary heart disease. A statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutr Committee, Am Heart Assn. Circulation 1997;95:2701-4. View abstract.
4964
Rimm EB, Ascherio A, Giovannucci E, et al. Vegetable, fruit, and cereal fiber intake and risk of coronary heart disease among men. JAMA 1996;275:447-51. View abstract.
4965
He J, Klag MJ, Whelton PK, et al. Oats and buckwheat intakes and cardiovascular disease risk factors in an ethnic minority of China. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61:366-72. View abstract.
4966
Khaw KT, Barrett-Connor E. Dietary fiber and reduced ischemic heart disease mortality rates in men and women: a 12-year prospective study. Am J Epidemiol 1987;126:1093-102. View abstract.
4967
Morris JN, Marr JW, Clayton DG. Diet and heart: a postscript. Br Med J 1977;2:1307-14. View abstract.
4968
Kromhout D, de Lezenne C, Coulander C. Diet, prevalence and 10-year mortality from coronary heart disease in 871 middle-aged men. The Zutphen Study. Am J Epidemiol 1984;119:733-41. View abstract.
4969
American Dietetic Association Website. Available at: www.eatright.org/adap1097.html (Accessed 16 July 1999).
4970
Chen HL, Haack VS, Janecky CW, et al. Mechanisms by which wheat bran and oat bran increase stool weight in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 1998;68:711-9. View abstract.
4972
Kwiterovich PO Jr. The role of fiber in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 1995;96:1005-9. View abstract.
4973
Romero AL, Romero JE, Galaviz S, Fernandez ML. Cookies enriched with psyllium or oat bran lower plasma LDL cholesterol in normal and hypercholesterolemic men from Northern Mexico. J Am Coll Nutr 1998;17:601-8. View abstract.
4974
Marlett JA, Hosig KB, Vollendorf NW, et al. Mechanism of serum cholesterol reduction by oat bran. Hepatol 1994;20:1450-7. View abstract.
4975
Poulter N, Chang CL, Cuff A, et al. Lipid profiles after the daily consumption of an oat-based cereal: a controlled crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;59:66-9. View abstract.
4976
Braaten JT, Wood PJ, Scott FW, et al. Oat beta-glucan reduces blood cholesterol concentration in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr 1994;48:465-74. View abstract.
4977
Ripsin CM, Keenan JM, Jacobs DR Jr, et al. Oat products and lipid lowering. A meta-analysis. JAMA 1992;267:3317-25. View abstract.
4979
Cooper SG, Tracey EJ. Small-bowel obstruction caused by oat-bran bezoar. N Engl J Med 1989;320:1148-9.
4980
Pick ME, Hawrysh ZJ, Gee MI, et al. Oat bran concentrate bread products improve long-term control of diabetes: a pilot study. J Am Diet Assoc 1996;96:1254-61. View abstract.
4981
Wood PJ, Braaten JT, Scott FW, et al. Effect of dose and modification of viscous properties of oat gum on plasma glucose and insulin following an oral glucose load. Br J Nutr 1994;72:731-43. View abstract.
4982
Braaten JT, Scott FW, Wood PJ, et al. High beta-glucan oat bran and oat gum reduce postprandial blood glucose and insulin in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 1994;11:312-8. View abstract.
4983
Braaten JT, Wood PJ, Scott FW, Riedel KD, et al. Oat gum lowers glucose and insulin after an oral glucose load. Am J Clin Nutr 1991;53:1425-30. View abstract.
4984
Arffmann S, Hojgaard L, Giese B, Krag E. Effect of oat bran on lithogenic index of bile and bile acid metabolism. Digestion 1983;28:197-200. View abstract.
4985
Rosario PG, Gerst PH, Prakash K, Albu E. Dentureless distention: oat bran bezoars cause obstruction. J Am Geriatr Soc 1990;38:608.
5104
Reddy BS. Role of dietary fiber in colon cancer: an overview. Am J Med 1999;106:16S-9S. View abstract.
5105
Almy TP. Fiber and the gut. Am J Med 1981;71:193-5.
5106
Almy TP, Howell DA. Medical progress; Diverticular disease of the colon. N Engl J Med 1980;302:324-31.
5107
Kritchevsky D. Dietary fibre and cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 1997;6:435-41. View abstract.
5108
Dwyer JT, Goldin B, Gorbach S, Patterson J. Drug therapy reviews: dietary fiber and fiber supplements in the therapy of gastrointestinal disorders. Am J Hosp Pharm 1978;35:278-87. View abstract.
5786
Davidson MH, Dugan LD, Burns JH, et al. The hypocholesterolemic effects of beta-glucan in oatmeal and oat bran. JAMA 1991;265:1833-9. View abstract.
5787
Ripsen CM, Keenan JM, Jacobs DR, et al. Oat products and lipid lowering. A meta-analysis. JAMA 1992;267:3317-25. View abstract.
5788
Brown L, Rosner B, Willett WW, Sacks FM. Cholesterol-lowering effects of dietary fiber: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69:30-42. View abstract.
5789
Lia A, Hallmans G, Sandberg AS, et al. Oat beta-glucan increases bile acid excretion and a fiber-rich barley fraction increases cholesterol excretion in ileostomy subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;62:1245-51. View abstract.
5792
Food and Drug Administration. Food labeling: health claims: oats and coronary heart disease. Fed Regist 1996;61:296-313.
5794
Van Horn LV, Liu K, Parker D, et al. Serum lipid response to oat product intake with a fat-modified diet. J Am Diet Assoc 1986;86:759-64. View abstract.
5795
Anderson JW, Gilinsky NH, Deakins DA, et al. Lipid responses of hypocholesterolemic men to oat-bran and wheat-bran intake. Am J Clin Nutr. 1991;54:678-83. View abstract.
5796
Braaten JT, Wood PJ, Scott FW, et al. Oat beta-glucan reduces blood cholesterol concentration in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr 1994;48:465-74. View abstract.
5797
Foulke J. FDA Allows Whole Oat Foods To Make Health Claim on Reducing the Risk of Heart Disease. FDA Talk Paper. 1997. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/ANSWERS/ANS00782.html.
6188
Maier SM, Turner ND, Lupton JR. Serum lipids in hypercholesterolemic men and women consuming oat bran and amaranth products. Cereal Chem 2000:77;297-302.
6266
Chandalia M, Garg A, Lutjohann D, et al. Beneficial effects of high dietary fiber intake in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1392-8. View abstract.
8521
Van Horn L, Liu K, Gerber J, et al. Oats and soy in lipid-lowering diets for women with hypercholesterolemia: is there synergy? J Am Diet Assoc 2001;101:1319-25. View abstract.
10145
Kerckhoffs DA, Hornstra G, Mensink RP. Cholesterol-lowering effect of beta-glucan from oat bran in mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects may decrease when beta-glucan is incorporated into bread and cookies. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78:221-7.. View abstract.
10435
Terry P, Lagergren J, Ye W, et al. Inverse association between intake of cereal fiber and risk of gastric cardia cancer. Gastroenterology 2001;120:387-91.. View abstract.
11135
Jenkins DJ, Wesson V, Wolever TM, et al. Wholemeal versus wholegrain breads: proportion of whole or cracked grain and the glycaemic response. BMJ 1988;297:958-60. View abstract.
12513
Rao SS. Constipation: evaluation and treatment. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2003;32:659-83.. View abstract.
12514
Lembo A, Camilleri M. Chronic constipation. N Engl J Med 2003;349:1360-8. . View abstract.
12515
De Paz Arranz S, Perez Montero A, Remon LZ, Molero MI. Allergic contact urticaria to oatmeal. Allergy 2002;57:1215. . View abstract.
12516
Storsrud S, Olsson M, Arvidsson Lenner R, et al. Adult coeliac patients do tolerate large amounts of oats. Eur J Clin Nutr 2003;57:163-9. . View abstract.
12517
Hendricks KM, Dong KR, Tang AM, et al. High-fiber diet in HIV-positive men is associated with lower risk of developing fat deposition. Am J Clin Nutr 2003;78:790-5. View abstract.
12550
Cooper SG, Tracey EJ. Small-bowel obstruction caused by oat-bran bezoar. N Engl J Med 1989;320:1148-9. View abstract.
90271
Krag A, Munkholm P, Israelsen H, von Ryberg B, Andersen KK, Bendtsen F. Profermin is efficacious in patients with active ulcerative colitis--a randomized controlled trial. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013;19(12):2584-92. View abstract.
91457
Nakhaee S, Nasiri A, Waghei Y, Morshedi J. Comparison of Avena sativa, vinegar, and hydroxyzine for uremic pruritus of hemodialysis patients: a crossover randomized clinical trial. Iran J Kidney Dis. 2015 Jul;9(4):316-22. View abstract.
91458
Reynertson KA, Garay M, Nebus J, Chon S, Kaur S, Mahmood K, Kizoulis M, Southall MD. Anti-inflammatory activities of colloidal oatmeal (Avena sativa) contribute to the effectiveness of oats in treatment of itch associated with dry, irritated skin. J Drugs Dermatol. 2015 Jan;14(1):43-8. View abstract.
97518
Ilnytska O, Kaur S, Chon S, et al. Colloidal Oatmeal (Avena Sativa) Improves Skin Barrier Through Multi-Therapy Activity. J Drugs Dermatol. 2016;15(6):684-90. View abstract.
97519
Kennedy DO, Jackson PA, Forster J, et al. Acute effects of a wild green-oat (Avena sativa) extract on cognitive function in middle-aged adults: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subjects trial. Nutr Neurosci. 2017;20(2):135-151. View abstract.
97520
Li X, Cai X, Ma X, et al. Short- and Long-Term Effects of Wholegrain Oat Intake on Weight Management and Glucolipid Metabolism in Overweight Type-2 Diabetics: A Randomized Control Trial. Nutrients. 2016;8(9). View abstract.
97521
Mackie AR, Bajka BH, Rigby NM, et al. Oatmeal particle size alters glycemic index but not as a function of gastric emptying rate. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2017;313(3):G239-G246. View abstract.
100622
Kyrø C, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Olsen A, Landberg R. Higher Whole-Grain Intake Is Associated with Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes among Middle-Aged Men and Women: The Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Cohort. J Nutr 2018;148(9):1434-44. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxy112. View abstract.
100623
Pridal AA, Böttger W, Ross AB. Analysis of avenanthramides in oat products and estimation of avenanthramide intake in humans. Food Chem 2018;253:93-100. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.01.138. View abstract.
100662
Tiong SH, Looi CY, Hazni H, et al. Antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of alkaloids from Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. Molecules. 2013 Aug 15;18(8):9770-84. View abstract.
102336
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Title 21. Part 101. Subpart E - Specific Requirement for Health Claims. Available at: http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=c7e427855f12554dbc292b4c8a7545a0&mc=true&node=pt21.2.101&rgn=div5#se21.2.101_176. Accessed on March 9, 2020.
103336
Delgado G, Kleber ME, Krämer BK, et al. Dietary intervention with oatmeal in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus - A crossover study. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2019;127(9):623-629. View abstract.
103337
Lyskjær L, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Dahm CC. Substitutions of oatmeal and breakfast food alternatives and the rate of stroke. Stroke. 2020;51(1):75-81. View abstract.
103338
Spector Cohen I, Day AS, Shaoul R. To be oats or not to be? An update on the ongoing debate on oats for patients with celiac disease. Front Pediatr. 2019;7:384. View abstract.
103339
Alakoski A, Hervonen K, Mansikka E, et al. The long-term safety and quality of life effects of oats in dermatitis herpetiformis. Nutrients. 2020;12(4):1060. View abstract.
103340
Sobhan M, Hojati M, Vafaie SY, Ahmadimoghaddam D, Mohammadi Y, Mehrpooya M. The efficacy of colloidal oatmeal cream 1% as add-on therapy in the management of chronic irritant hand eczema: A double-blind study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2020;13:241-251. View abstract.
103341
Zhang T, Zhao T, Zhang Y, et al. Avenanthramide supplementation reduces eccentric exercise-induced inflammation in young men and women. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2020;17(1):41. View abstract.
103342
Leão LSCS, Aquino LA, Dias JF, Koifman RJ. Addition of oat bran reduces HDL-C and does not potentialize effect of a low-calorie diet on remission of metabolic syndrome: A pragmatic, randomized, controlled, open-label nutritional trial. Nutrition. 2019;65:126-130. View abstract.
103343
Andersen JLM, Hansen L, Thomsen BLR, Christiansen LR, Dragsted LO, Olsen A. Pre- and post-diagnostic intake of whole grain and dairy products and breast cancer prognosis: the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2020;179(3):743-753. View abstract.
103344
Capone K, Kirchner F, Klein SL, Tierney NK. Effects of colloidal oatmeal topical atopic dermatitis cream on skin microbiome and skin barrier properties. J Drugs Dermatol. 2020;19(5):524-531. View abstract.
103345
Hou Q, Li Y, Li L, Cheng G, Sun X, Li S, Tian H. The metabolic effects of oats intake in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2015;7(12):10369-87. View abstract.
105261
Bozbulut R, Sanlier N, Döger E, Bideci A, Çamurdan O, Cinaz P. The effect of beta-glucan supplementation on glycemic control and variability in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;169:108464. View abstract.
105535
Zeng Z, Jendricke P, Centner C, Storck H, Gollhofer A, König D. Acute effects of oatmeal on exercise-induced reactive oxygen species production following high-intensity interval training in women: a randomized controlled trial. Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Dec 22;10(1):3. doi: 10.3390/antiox10010003. View abstract.
105536
Musa-Veloso K, Noori D, Venditti C, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the effects of oats and oat processing on postprandial blood glucose and insulin responses. J Nutr 2021;151(2):341-51. View abstract.
107749
Xu D, Feng M, Chu Y, et al. The Prebiotic Effects of Oats on Blood Lipids, Gut Microbiota, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Mildly Hypercholesterolemic Subjects Compared With Rice: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Front Immunol 2021;12:787797. View abstract.
107750
Xue Y, Cui L, Qi J, et al. The effect of dietary fiber (oat bran) supplement on blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension: A randomized controlled trial. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021;31(8):2458-2470. View abstract.
107751
107751 Barati Z, Iravani M, Karandish M, Haghighizadeh MH, Masihi S. The effect of oat bran consumption on gestational diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial. BMC Endocr Disord 2021;21(1):67. View abstract.
107752
Kim SJ, Jung CW, Anh NH, et al. Effects of Oats (Avena sativa L.) on Inflammation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Nutr 2021;8:722866. View abstract.