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Cuong, B. T., Binh, V. Q., Dai, B., Duy, D. N., Lovell, C. M., Rieckmann, K. H., and Edstein, M. D. Does gender, food or grapefruit juice alter the pharmacokinetics of primaquine in healthy subjects? Br J Clin Pharmacol 2006;61(6):682-689. View abstract.

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Goosen, T. C., Cillie, D., Bailey, D. G., Yu, C., He, K., Hollenberg, P. F., Woster, P. M., Cohen, L., Williams, J. A., Rheeders, M., and Dijkstra, H. P. Bergamottin contribution to the grapefruit juice-felodipine interaction and disposition in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004;76(6):607-617. View abstract.

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Soons, P. A., Vogels, B. A., Roosemalen, M. C., Schoemaker, H. C., Uchida, E., Edgar, B., Lundahl, J., Cohen, A. F., and Breimer, D. D. Grapefruit juice and cimetidine inhibit stereoselective metabolism of nitrendipine in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1991;50(4):394-403. View abstract.

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Ku, Y. M., Min, D. I., and Flanigan, M. Effect of grapefruit juice on the pharmacokinetics of microemulsion cyclosporine and its metabolite in healthy volunteers: does the formulation difference matter? J Clin Pharmacol 1998;38(10):959-965. View abstract.

Lee, M., Min, D. I., Ku, Y. M., and Flanigan, M. Effect of grapefruit juice on pharmacokinetics of microemulsion cyclosporine in African American subjects compared with Caucasian subjects: does ethnic difference matter? J Clin Pharmacol 2001;41(3):317-323. View abstract.

Schwarz, U. I., Johnston, P. E., Bailey, D. G., Kim, R. B., Mayo, G., and Milstone, A. Impact of citrus soft drinks relative to grapefruit juice on ciclosporin disposition. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2006;62(4):485-491. View abstract.

Yee, G. C., Stanley, D. L., Pessa, L. J., Dalla, Costa T., Beltz, S. E., Ruiz, J., and Lowenthal, D. T. Effect of grapefruit juice on blood cyclosporin concentration. Lancet 4-15-1995;345(8955):955-956. View abstract.

Paine, M. F., Widmer, W. W., Hart, H. L., Pusek, S. N., Beavers, K. L., Criss, A. B., Brown, S. S., Thomas, B. F., and Watkins, P. B. A furanocoumarin-free grapefruit juice establishes furanocoumarins as the mediators of the grapefruit juice-felodipine interaction. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;83(5):1097-1105. View abstract.

Sigusch, H., Henschel, L., Kraul, H., Merkel, U., and Hoffmann, A. Lack of effect of grapefruit juice on diltiazem bioavailability in normal subjects. Pharmazie 1994;49(9):675-679. View abstract.

Fingerova, H., Oborna, I., Petrova, P., Budikova, M., and Jezdinsky, J. [Does grapefruit juice increase the bioavailability of orally administered sex steroids?]. Ceska.Gynekol. 2003;68(2):117-121. View abstract.

Glaeser, H., Bailey, D. G., Dresser, G. K., Gregor, J. C., Schwarz, U. I., McGrath, J. S., Jolicoeur, E., Lee, W., Leake, B. F., Tirona, R. G., and Kim, R. B. Intestinal drug transporter expression and the impact of grapefruit juice in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2007;81(3):362-370. View abstract.

Lilja, J. J., Laitinen, K., and Neuvonen, P. J. Effects of grapefruit juice on the absorption of levothyroxine. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2005;60(3):337-341. View abstract.

Kivisto, K. T., Lilja, J. J., Backman, J. T., and Neuvonen, P. J. Repeated consumption of grapefruit juice considerably increases plasma concentrations of cisapride. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999;66(5):448-453. View abstract.

Desta, Z., Kivisto, K. T., Lilja, J. J., Backman, J. T., Soukhova, N., Neuvonen, P. J., and Flockhart, D. A. Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of cisapride in healthy volunteers and the effect of repeated administration of grapefruit juice. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2001;52(4):399-407. View abstract.

Odou, P., Ferrari, N., Barthelemy, C., Brique, S., Lhermitte, M., Vincent, A., Libersa, C., and Robert, H. Grapefruit juice-nifedipine interaction: possible involvement of several mechanisms. J Clin Pharm Ther 2005;30(2):153-158. View abstract.

Wason, S., DiGiacinto, J. L., and Davis, M. W. Effects of grapefruit and Seville orange juices on the pharmacokinetic properties of colchicine in healthy subjects. Clin Ther 2012;34(10):2161-2173. View abstract.

Bailey, D. G., Dresser, G. K., Kreeft, J. H., Munoz, C., Freeman, D. J., and Bend, J. R. Grapefruit-felodipine interaction: effect of unprocessed fruit and probable active ingredients. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2000;68(5):468-477. View abstract.

Sardi, A., Geda, C., Nerici, L., and Bertello, P. [Rhabdomyolysis and arterial hypertension caused by apparent excess of mineralocorticoids: a case report]. Ann Ital Med Int 2002;17(2):126-129. View abstract.

Trinchieri, A., Lizzano, R., Bernardini, P., Nicola, M., Pozzoni, F., Romano, A. L., Serrago, M. P., and Confalanieri, S. Effect of acute load of grapefruit juice on urinary excretion of citrate and urinary risk factors for renal stone formation. Dig.Liver Dis. 2002;34 Suppl 2:S160-S163. View abstract.

Wangensteen, H., Molden, E., Christensen, H., and Malterud, K. E. Identification of epoxybergamottin as a CYP3A4 inhibitor in grapefruit peel. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2003;58(10):663-668. View abstract.

Palermo, M., Armanini, D., and Delitala, G. Grapefruit juice inhibits 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in vivo, in man. Clin Endocrinol.(Oxf) 2003;59(1):143-144. View abstract.

Armanini, D., Calo, L., and Semplicini, A. Pseudohyperaldosteronism: pathogenetic mechanisms. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2003;40(3):295-335. View abstract.

Kumar, A., Teuber, S. S., Naguwa, S., Prindiville, T., and Gershwin, M. E. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis and citrus-induced urticaria. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2006;30(1):61-70. View abstract.

Gorinstein, S., Caspi, A., Libman, I., Lerner, H. T., Huang, D., Leontowicz, H., Leontowicz, M., Tashma, Z., Katrich, E., Feng, S., and Trakhtenberg, S. Red grapefruit positively influences serum triglyceride level in patients suffering from coronary atherosclerosis: studies in vitro and in humans. J Agric Food Chem 3-8-2006;54(5):1887-1892. View abstract.

Fujioka, K., Greenway, F., Sheard, J., and Ying, Y. The effects of grapefruit on weight and insulin resistance: relationship to the metabolic syndrome. J Med Food 2006;9(1):49-54. View abstract.

Ferdman, R. M., Ong, P. Y., and Church, J. A. Pectin anaphylaxis and possible association with cashew allergy. Ann.Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006;97(6):759-760. View abstract.

Guo, L. Q., Chen, Q. Y., Wang, X., Liu, Y. X., Chu, X. M., Cao, X. M., Li, J. H., and Yamazoe, Y. Different roles of pummelo furanocoumarin and cytochrome P450 3A5*3 polymorphism in the fate and action of felodipine. Curr Drug Metab 2007;8(6):623-630. View abstract.

McLundie, A. C. Localised palatal tooth surface loss and its treatment with porcelain laminates. Restorative.Dent. 1991;7(2):43-44. View abstract.

Baekey, P. A., Cerda, J. J., Burgin, C. W., Robbins, F. L., Rice, R. W., and Baumgartner, T. G. Grapefruit pectin inhibits hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in miniature swine. Clin Cardiol 1988;11(9):597-600. View abstract.

Cerda, J. J., Normann, S. J., Sullivan, M. P., Burgin, C. W., Robbins, F. L., Vathada, S., and Leelachaikul, P. Inhibition of atherosclerosis by dietary pectin in microswine with sustained hypercholesterolemia. Circulation 1994;89(3):1247-1253. View abstract.

Pisarik, P. Blood pressure-lowering effect of adding grapefruit juice to nifedipine and terazosin in a patient with severe renovascular hypertension. Arch Fam.Med 1996;5(7):413-416. View abstract.

Ameer, B., Weintraub, R. A., Johnson, J. V., Yost, R. A., and Rouseff, R. L. Flavanone absorption after naringin, hesperidin, and citrus administration. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1996;60(1):34-40. View abstract.

Ionescu G, Kiehl R, Wichmann-Kunz F, and et al. Oral citrus seed extract in atopic eczema: in vitro and in vivo studies on intestinal microflora. J Orthomol Med 1990;5(3):155-157.

Abdel-Ghaffar F, Semmler M, Al-Rasheid K, Klimpel S, Mehlhorn H. Efficacy of a grapefruit extract on head lice: a clinical trial. Parasitol Res. 2010 Jan;106(2):445-9. View abstract.

Holmberg MT, Tornio A, Joutsi-Korhonen L, Neuvonen M, Neuvonen PJ, Lassila R, Niemi M, Backman JT. Grapefruit juice markedly increases the plasma concentrations and antiplatelet effects of ticagrelor in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Jun;75(6):1488-96. View abstract.

Holmberg MT, Tornio A, Neuvonen M, Neuvonen PJ, Backman JT, Niemi M. Grapefruit juice inhibits the metabolic activation of clopidogrel. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Mar;95(3):307-13. View abstract.

Hu M, Mak VW, Yin OQ, Chu TT, Tomlinson B. Effects of grapefruit juice and SLCO1B1 388A>G polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics of pitavastatin. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2013;28(2):104-8. View abstract.

Ieiri I, Doi Y, Maeda K, Sasaki T, Kimura M, Hirota T, Chiyoda T, Miyagawa M, Irie S, Iwasaki K, Sugiyama Y. Microdosing clinical study: pharmacokinetic, pharmacogenomic (SLCO2B1), and interaction (grapefruit juice) profiles of celiprolol following the oral microdose and therapeutic dose. J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 Jul;52(7):1078-89. View abstract.

Misaka S, Miyazaki N, Yatabe MS, Ono T, Shikama Y, Fukushima T, Kimura J. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction of nadolol with itraconazole, rifampicin and grapefruit juice in healthy volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Jul;53(7):738-45. View abstract.

Nieminen TH, Hagelberg NM, Saari TI, Neuvonen M, Neuvonen PJ, Laine K, Olkkola KT. Grapefruit juice enhances the exposure to oral oxycodone. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2010 Oct;107(4):782-8. View abstract.

Piccirillo G, Magrì D, Matera S, Magnanti M, Pasquazzi E, Schifano E, Velitti S, Mitra M, Marigliano V, Paroli M, Ghiselli A. Effects of pink grapefruit juice on QT variability in patients with dilated or hypertensive cardiomyopathy and in healthy subjects. Transl Res. 2008 May;151(5):267-72. View abstract.

Seidegård J, Randvall G, Nyberg L, Borgå O. Grapefruit juice interaction with oral budesonide: equal effect on immediate-release and delayed-release formulations. Pharmazie. 2009 Jul;64(7):461-5. View abstract.

Shoaf SE, Mallikaarjun S, Bricmont P. Effect of grapefruit juice on the pharmacokinetics of tolvaptan, a non-peptide arginine vasopressin antagonist, in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 Feb;68(2):207-11. View abstract.

Tanaka S, Uchida S, Miyakawa S, Inui N, Takeuchi K, Watanabe H, Namiki N. Comparison of inhibitory duration of grapefruit juice on organic anion-transporting polypeptide and cytochrome P450 3A4. Biol Pharm Bull. 2013;36(12):1936-41. View abstract.

Tapaninen T, Neuvonen PJ, Niemi M. Grapefruit juice greatly reduces the plasma concentrations of the OATP2B1 and CYP3A4 substrate aliskiren. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Sep;88(3):339-42. View abstract.

van Erp NP, Baker SD, Zandvliet AS, Ploeger BA, den Hollander M, Chen Z, den Hartigh J, König-Quartel JM, Guchelaar HJ, Gelderblom H. Marginal increase of sunitinib exposure by grapefruit juice. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2011 Mar;67(3):695-703. View abstract.

Xiao YJ, Hu M, Tomlinson B. Effects of grapefruit juice on cortisol metabolism in healthy male Chinese subjects. Food Chem Toxicol. 2014 Dec;74:85-90. View abstract.

Peterson JJ, Beecher GR, Bhagwat SA, et al. Flavanones in grapefruit, lemons, and limes: A compilation and review of the data from the analytical literature. J Food Comp Anal. 2006;19(2006):S74-S80.

Goldbart A, Press J, Sofer S, Kapelushnik J. Near fatal acute colchicine intoxication in a child. A case report. Eur J Pediatr. 2000;159(12):895-7. View abstract.

Dahan A, Amidon GL. Grapefruit juice and its constituents augment colchicine intestinal absorption: potential hazardous interaction and the role of p-glycoprotein. Pharm Res. 2009 Apr;26(4):883-92. View abstract.

Dallas C, Gerbi A, Tenca G, Juchaux F, Bernard FX. Lipolytic effect of a polyphenolic citrus dry extract of red orange, grapefruit, orange (SINETROL) in human body fat adipocytes. Mechanism of action by inhibition of cAMP-phosphodiesterase (PDE). Phytomedicine. 2008 Oct;15(10):783-92. View abstract.

Dallas C, Gerbi A, Elbez Y, Caillard P, Zamaria N, Cloarec M. Clinical study to assess the efficacy and safety of a citrus polyphenolic extract of red orange, grapefruit, and orange (Sinetrol-XPur) on weight management and metabolic parameters in healthy overweight individuals. Phytother Res. 2014 Feb;28(2):212-8. View abstract.

Bailey DG. Predicting clinical relevance of grapefruit-drug interactions: a complicated process. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2017 Apr;42(2):125-27. View abstract.

Mouly S, Lloret-Linares C, Sellire PO, Sene D, Bergmann JF. Is the clinical relevance of drug-food and drug-herb interactions limited to grapefruit juice and Saint-John's Wort? Pharmacol Res. 2017 Apr;118:82-92. View abstract.

Hung WL, Suh JH, Wang Y. Chemistry and health effects of furanocoumarins in grapefruit. J Food Drug Anal. 2017 Jan;25(1):71-83. View abstract.

Tsuji H, Ohmura K, Nakashima R, et al. Efficacy and safety of grapefruit juice intake accompanying tacrolimus treatment in connective tissues disease patients. Intern Med. 2016;55(12):1547-52. View abstract.

Abdlekawy KS, Donia AM, Elbarbry F. Effects of grapefruit and pomegranate juices on the pharmacokinetic properties of dapoxetine and midazolam in healthy subjects. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2017 Jun;42(3):397-405. View abstract.

Jia Y, Liu J, Xu J. Influence of grapefruit juice on pharmacokinetics of triptolide in rats grapefruit juice on the effects of triptolide. Xenobiotica. 2017 Apr 16:1-5. View abstract.

Melough MM, Vance TM, Lee SG, et al. Furocoumarin kinetics in plasma and urine of healthy adults following consumption of grapefruit (citrus paradise Macf.) and grapefruit juice. J Agric Food Chem. 2017 Mar 29 [Epub ahead of print] View abstract.

Kawaguchi-Suzuki M, Nasiri-Kenari N, Shuster J, et al. Effect of low-furanocoumarin hybrid grapefruit juice consumption on midazolam pharmacokinetics. J Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Mar;57(3):305-11. View abstract.

Santes-Palacios R, Romo-Mancillas A, Camacho-Carranza R, Espinosa-Aguirre JJ. Inhibition of human and rat CYP1A1 enzyme by grapefruit juice compounds. Toxicol Lett. 2016 Sep 6;258:268-75. View abstract.

Shang DW, Wang ZZ, Hu HT, et al. Effects of food and grapefruit juice on single-dose pharmacokinetics of blonanserin in healthy Chinese subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2018;74(1):61-67. View abstract.

Chorin E, Hochstadt A, Granot Y, et al. Grapefruit juice prolongs the QT interval of healthy volunteers and patients with long QT syndrome. Heart Rhythm. 2019. pii: S1547-5271(19)30368-6. View abstract.

Ershad M, Cruz MD, Mostafa A, Mckeever R, Vearrier D, Greenberg MI. Opioid toxidrome following grapefruit juice consumption in the setting of methadone maintenance. J Addict Med 2019;[Epub ahead of print]. View abstract.

Shen X, Chen F, Wang F, Huang P, Luo W. The effect of grapefruit juice on the pharmacokinetics of tadalafil in rats. Biomed Res Int 2020;2020:1631735. View abstract.

Loretz C, Ho MD, Alam N, Mitchell W, Li AP. Application of cryopreserved human intestinal mucosa and cryopreserved human enterocytes in the evaluation of herb-drug interactions: evaluation of CYP3A inhibitory potential of grapefruit juice and commercial formulations of twenty-nine herbal supplements. Drug Metab Dispos 2020;48(10):1084-91. View abstract.

Holmberg MT, Tornio A, Hyvärinen H, et al. Effect of grapefruit juice on the bioactivation of prasugrel. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2015;80(1):139-45. View abstract.

Guideline on the investigation of drug interactions. CPMP/EWP/560/95/Rev. 1 Corr. 2. European Medicines Agency, 2015. Available at: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/guideline-investigation-drug-interactions-revision-1_en.pdf (Assessed June 9, 2021).

Cinderella MA, Morell B, Munjal S. Grapefruit Juice Cleanse Mimicking Quetiapine Overdose: Case Report and Review of Literature. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2021;41(6):690-692. View abstract.

Long Z, Ruan M, Wu W, Zeng Q, Li Q, Huang Z. The successful combination of grapefruit juice and venetoclax in an unfit acute myeloid leukemia patient with adverse risk: A case report. Front Oncol 2022;12:912696. View abstract.

Piscitelli J, Nikanjam M, Capparelli EV, et al. Fexofenadine Plasma Concentrations to Estimate Systemic Exposure in Healthy Adults Using a Limited Sampling Strategy with a Population Pharmacokinetic Approach. Ther Drug Monit 2023;45(4):539-545. View abstract.