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Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Simonetti RG, Gluud C. Antioxidant supplements for prevention of gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2004;364:1219-28. View abstract.

Miller ER 3rd, Pastor-Barriuso R, Dalal D, et al. Meta-analysis: High-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Ann Intern Med 2005;142:60520-53. View abstract.

Eidelman RS, Hollar D, Hebert PR, et al. Randomized trials of vitamin E in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:1552-6. View abstract.

Shekelle PG, Morton SC, Jungvig LK, et al. Effect of supplemental vitamin E for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. J Gen Intern Med 2004;19:380-9. View abstract.

Jiang Q, Christen S, Shigenaga MK, Ames BN. gamma-tocopherol, the major form of vitamin E in the US diet, deserves more attention. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;74:714-22. View abstract.

Abudu N, Miller JJ, Attaelmannan M, Levinson SS. Vitamins in human arteriosclerosis with emphasis on vitamin C and vitamin E. Clin Chim Acta 2004;339:11-25. View abstract.

Huang HY, Appel LJ. Supplementation of diets with alpha-tocopherol reduces serum concentrations of gamma- and delta-tocopherol in humans. J Nutr 2003;133:3137-40. View abstract.

Vega-Lopez S, Kaul N, Devaraj S, et al. Supplementation with omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and all-rac alpha-tocopherol alone and in combination failed to exert an anti-inflammatory effect in human volunteers. Metabolism 2004;53:236-40. View abstract.

Dagnelie PC, Schuurman AG, Goldbohm RA, Van den Brandt PA. Diet, anthropometric measures and prostate cancer risk: a review of prospective cohort and intervention studies. BJU Int 2004;93:1139-50. View abstract.

Rodriguez C, Jacobs EJ, Mondul AM, et al. Vitamin E supplements and risk of prostate cancer in U.S. men. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004;13:378-82. View abstract.

Goodman GE, Schaffer S, Omenn GS, et al. The association between lung and prostate cancer risk, and serum micronutrients: results and lessons learned from beta-carotene and retinol efficacy trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2003;12:518-26. View abstract.

Thompson TA, Wilding G. Androgen antagonist activity by the antioxidant moiety of vitamin E, 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-6-chromanol in human prostate carcinoma cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2003;2:797-803. View abstract.

Hartman TJ, Dorgan JF, Woodson K, et al. Effects of long-term alpha-tocopherol supplementation on serum hormones in older men. Prostate 2001;46:33-8. View abstract.

Cook NR, Le IM, Manson JE, et al. Effects of beta-carotene supplementation on cancer incidence by baseline characteristics in the Physicians' Health Study (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2000;11:617-26. View abstract.

Lonn E, Bosch J, Yusuf S, et al. HOPE and HOPE-TOO Trial Investigators. Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005;293:1338-47. View abstract.

Bairati I, Meyer F, Gelinas M, et al. A randomized trial of antioxidant vitamins to prevent second primary cancers in head and neck cancer patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 2005;97:481-8. View abstract.

Petersen RC, Thomas RG, Grundman M, et al. Vitamin E and donepezil for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment. N Engl J Med 2005;352:2379-88. View abstract.

Wluka AE, Stuckey S, Brand C, Cicuttini FM. Supplementary vitamin E does not affect the loss of cartilage volume in knee osteoarthritis: A 2 year double blind randomized placebo controlled study. J Rheumatol 2002;29:2585-91. View abstract.

Lee IM, Cook NR, Gaziano JM, et al. Vitamin E in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: The Women's Health Study: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005;294:56-65. View abstract.

Kraemer K, Koch W, Hoppe PP. Is all-rac-alpha-tocopherol different from RRR-alpha-tocopherol regarding cardiovascular efficacy? A meta-analysis of clinical trials. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004;1031:435-8. View abstract.

Huang HY, Appel LJ, Croft KD, et al. Effects of vitamin C and vitamin E on in vivo lipid peroxidation: results of a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;76:549-55. View abstract.

Gomez-Perez FJ, Valles-Sanchez VE, Lopez-Alvarenga JC, et al. Vitamin E modifies neither fructosamine nor HbA1c levels in poorly controlled diabetes. Rev Invest Clin 1996;48:421-4. . View abstract.

Jain SK, McVie R, Jaramillo JJ, et al. Effect of modest vitamin E supplementation on blood glycated hemoglobin and triglyceride levels and red cell indices in type I diabetic patients. J Am Coll Nutr 1996;15:458-61. . View abstract.

Kaempf-Rotzoll DE, Traber MG, Arai H. Vitamin E and transfer proteins. Curr Opin Lipidol 2003;14:249-54.. View abstract.

Landes N, Pfluger P, Kluth D, et al. Vitamin E activates gene expression via the pregnane X receptor. Biochem Pharmacol 2003;65:269-73. . View abstract.

Brigelius-Flohe R. Vitamin E and drug metabolism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003;305:737-40. View abstract.

Wagner KH, Kamal-Eldin A, Elmadfa I. Gamma-tocopherol--an underestimated vitamin? Ann Nutr Metab 2004;48:169-88.. View abstract.

Blatt DH, Pryor WA, Mata JE, Rodriguez-Proteau R. Re-evaluation of the relative potency of synthetic and natural alpha-tocopherol: experimental and clinical observations. J Nutr Biochem 2004;15:380-95.. View abstract.

Jiang Q, Wong J, Fyrst H, et al. gamma-Tocopherol or combinations of vitamin E forms induce cell death in human prostate cancer cells by interrupting sphingolipid synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101:17825-30.. View abstract.

Schneider C. Chemistry and biology of vitamin E. Mol Nutr Food Res 2005;49:7-30.. View abstract.

Brigelius-Flohe R, Kelly FJ, Salonen JT, et al. The European perspective on vitamin E: current knowledge and future research. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;76:703-16.. View abstract.

Montonen J, Knekt P, Jarvinen R, Reunanen A. Dietary antioxidant intake and risk of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2004;27:362-6. View abstract.

Adams LA, Angulo P. Vitamins E and C for the treatment of NASH: duplication of results but lack of demonstration of efficacy. Am J Gastroenterol 2003;98:2348-50. View abstract.

Cesari M, Pahor M, Bartali B, et al. Antioxidants and physical performance in elderly persons: the Invecchiare in Chianti (InCHIANTI) study. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;79:289-94. View abstract.

Block G, Jensen C, Dietrich M, et al. Plasma C-reactive protein concentrations in active and passive smokers: influence of antioxidant supplementation. J Am Coll Nutr 2004;23:141-7. View abstract.

Prasad KN. Rationale for using high-dose multiple dietary antioxidants as an adjunct to radiation therapy and chemotherapy. J Nutr 2004;134:3182S-3S. View abstract.

Conklin KA. Cancer chemotherapy and antioxidants. J Nutr 2004;134:3201S-3204S. View abstract.

Knekt P, Ritz J, Pereira MA, et al. Antioxidant vitamins and coronary heart disease risk: a pooled analysis of 9 cohorts. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;80:1508-20. View abstract.

Hercberg S, Galan P, Preziosi P, et al. The SU.VI.MAX Study: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the health effects of antioxidant vitamins and minerals. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:2335-42. View abstract.

Kirsh VA, Hayes RB, Mayne ST, et al. Supplemental and dietary vitamin E, beta-carotene, and vitamin C intakes and prostate cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst 2006;98:245-54. View abstract.

Dagnelie PC, Schuurman AG, Goldbohm RA, Van den Brandt PA. Diet, anthropometric measures and prostate cancer risk: a review of prospective cohort and intervention studies. BJU Int 2004;93:1139-50. View abstract.

Meyer F, Galan P, Douville P, et al. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplementation and prostate cancer prevention in the SU.VI.MAX trial. Int J Cancer 2005;116:182-6. View abstract.

Ziaei S, Zakeri M, Kazemnejad A. A randomised controlled trial of vitamin E in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea. BJOG 2005;112:466-9. View abstract.

You WC, Brown LM, Zhang L, et al. Randomized double-blind factorial trial of three treatments to reduce the prevalence of precancerous gastric lesions. J Natl Cancer Inst 2006;98:974-83. View abstract.

Schurks M, Glynn RJ, Rist PM, et al. Effects of vitamin E on stroke subtypes: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMJ 2010;341: c5702. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c5702. View abstract.

Aberg F, Appelkvist EL, Broijersen A, et al. Gemfibrozil-induced decrease in serum ubiquinone and alpha- and gamma-tocopherol levels in men with combined hyperlipidaemia. Eur J Clin Invest 1998;28:235-42. View abstract.

Devereux G, Turner SW, Craig LC, et al. Low maternal vitamin E intake during pregnancy is associated with asthma in 5-year-old children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006;174:499-507. View abstract.

Kompauer I, Heinrich J, Wolfram G, Linseisen J. Association of carotenoids, tocopherols, and vitamin C in plasma with allergic rhinitis and allergic sensitization in adults. Public Health Nutr 2006;9:472-9. View abstract.

Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Gluud LL, et al. Mortality in randomized trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2007;297:842-57. View abstract.

Lawson KA, Wright ME, Subar A, et al. Multivitamin use and risk of prostate cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2007;99:754-64. View abstract.

Lippmann SM, Klein EA, Goodman PJ, et al. Effect of selenium and vitamin E on risk of prostate cancer and other cancers: the selenium and vitamin E cancer prevention trial (SELECT). JAMA 2009;301:39-51. View abstract.

Gaziano JM, Glynn RJ, Christen WG, et al. Vitamins E and C in the prevention of prostate total cancer in men: the physicians' health study II randomised controlled trial. JAMA 2009;301:52-62. View abstract.

Hayden KM, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Wengreen HJ, et al; Cache County Investigators. Risk of mortality with vitamin E supplements: the Cache County study. Am L Med 2007;120:180-4. View abstract.

Smedts HP, de Vries JH, Rakhshandehroo M, et al. High maternal vitamin E intake by diet or supplements is associated with congenital heart defects in the offspring. BJOG 2009;116:416-23. View abstract.

Sanyal AJ, Chalasani N, Kowdley KV, et al. Pioglitazone, vitamin E, or placebo for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. N Engl J Med 2010;362:1675-85. View abstract.

Klein EA, Thompson IM Jr, Tangen CM, et al. Vitamin E and the risk of prostate cancer: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). JAMA 2011;306:1549-56. View abstract.

Dysken MW, Sano M, Asthana S, et al. Effect of vitamin E and memantine on functional decline in Alzheimer disease: the TEAM-AD VA cooperative randomized trial. JAMA 2014;311:33-44. View abstract.

Galasko D. R., Peskind E., Clark C. M., Quinn J. F., Ringman J. M., Jicha G. A., Cotman C., Cottrell B., Montine T. J., Thomas R. G., Aisen P. Antioxidants for Alzheimer disease: a randomized clinical trial with cerebrospinal fluid biomarker measures. Arch Neurol 2012;69(7):836-841. View abstract.

Monsen ER. Dietary reference intakes for the antioxidant nutrients: vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and carotenoids. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000;100(6):637-40.

Rosenbaum, C. C., O'Mathuna, D. P., Chavez, M., and Shields, K. Antioxidants and antiinflammatory dietary supplements for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Altern.Ther.Health Med. 2010;16(2):32-40. View abstract.

Jacobson, J. S., Begg, M. D., Wang, L. W., Wang, Q., Agarwal, M., Norkus, E., Singh, V. N., Young, T. L., Yang, D., and Santella, R. M. Effects of a 6-month vitamin intervention on DNA damage in heavy smokers. Cancer Epidemiol.Biomarkers Prev. 2000;9(12):1303-1311. View abstract.

You, W. C., Chang, Y. S., Heinrich, J., Ma, J. L., Liu, W. D., Zhang, L., Brown, L. M., Yang, C. S., Gail, M. H., Fraumeni, J. F., Jr., and Xu, G. W. An intervention trial to inhibit the progression of precancerous gastric lesions: compliance, serum micronutrients and S-allyl cysteine levels, and toxicity. Eur.J.Cancer Prev. 2001;10(3):257-263. View abstract.

Malila, N., Virtamo, J., Virtanen, M., Pietinen, P., Albanes, D., and Teppo, L. Dietary and serum alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene and retinol, and risk for colorectal cancer in male smokers. Eur.J.Clin.Nutr. 2002;56(7):615-621. View abstract.

Schmidt, M. C., Askew, E. W., Roberts, D. E., Prior, R. L., Ensign, W. Y., Jr., and Hesslink, R. E., Jr. Oxidative stress in humans training in a cold, moderate altitude environment and their response to a phytochemical antioxidant supplement. Wilderness.Environ.Med. 2002;13(2):94-105. View abstract.

No author. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 7-6-2002;360(9326):23-33. View abstract.

Malila, N., Taylor, P. R., Virtanen, M. J., Korhonen, P., Huttunen, J. K., Albanes, D., and Virtamo, J. Effects of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplementation on gastric cancer incidence in male smokers (ATBC Study, Finland). Cancer Causes Control 2002;13(7):617-623. View abstract.

Prince, M. I., Mitchison, H. C., Ashley, D., Burke, D. A., Edwards, N., Bramble, M. G., James, O. F., and Jones, D. E. Oral antioxidant supplementation for fatigue associated with primary biliary cirrhosis: results of a multicentre, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. Aliment.Pharmacol.Ther. 2003;17(1):137-143. View abstract.

Zhu, S., Mason, J., Shi, Y., Hu, Y., Li, R., Wahg, M., Zhou, Y., Jin, G., Xie, Y., Wu, G., Xia, D., Qian, Z., Sohg, H., Zhang, L., Russell, R., and Xiao, S. The effect of folic acid on the development of stomach and other gastrointestinal cancers. Chin Med.J.(Engl.) 2003;116(1):15-19. View abstract.

Chandra, R. K. Effect of vitamin and trace-element supplementation on immune responses and infection in elderly subjects. Lancet 11-7-1992;340(8828):1124-1127. [RETRACTED]. View abstract.

Tornwall, M. E., Virtamo, J., Korhonen, P. A., Virtanen, M. J., Albanes, D., and Huttunen, J. K. Postintervention effect of alpha tocopherol and beta carotene on different strokes: a 6-year follow-up of the Alpha Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. Stroke 2004;35(8):1908-1913. View abstract.

Goodman, G. E., Thornquist, M. D., Balmes, J., Cullen, M. R., Meyskens, F. L., Jr., Omenn, G. S., Valanis, B., and Williams, J. H., Jr. The Beta-Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial: incidence of lung cancer and cardiovascular disease mortality during 6-year follow-up after stopping beta-carotene and retinol supplements. J.Natl.Cancer Inst. 12-1-2004;96(23):1743-1750. View abstract.

Gritz, D. C., Srinivasan, M., Smith, S. D., Kim, U., Lietman, T. M., Wilkins, J. H., Priyadharshini, B., John, R. K., Aravind, S., Prajna, N. V., Duraisami, Thulasiraj R., and Whitcher, J. P. The Antioxidants in Prevention of Cataracts Study: effects of antioxidant supplements on cataract progression in South India. Br J Ophthalmol. 2006;90(7):847-851. View abstract.

Coulter, I. D., Hardy, M. L., Morton, S. C., Hilton, L. G., Tu, W., Valentine, D., and Shekelle, P. G. Antioxidants vitamin C and vitamin e for the prevention and treatment of cancer. J Gen.Intern Med 2006;21(7):735-744. View abstract.

Huang, H. Y., Caballero, B., Chang, S., Alberg, A. J., Semba, R. D., Schneyer, C. R., Wilson, R. F., Cheng, T. Y., Vassy, J., Prokopowicz, G., Barnes, G. J., and Bass, E. B. The efficacy and safety of multivitamin and mineral supplement use to prevent cancer and chronic disease in adults: a systematic review for a National Institutes of Health state-of-the-science conference. Ann.Intern.Med. 9-5-2006;145(5):372-385. View abstract.

Kamangar, F., Qiao, Y. L., Yu, B., Sun, X. D., Abnet, C. C., Fan, J. H., Mark, S. D., Zhao, P., Dawsey, S. M., and Taylor, P. R. Lung cancer chemoprevention: a randomized, double-blind trial in Linxian, China. Cancer Epidemiol.Biomarkers Prev. 2006;15(8):1562-1564. View abstract.

Plummer, M., Vivas, J., Lopez, G., Bravo, J. C., Peraza, S., Carillo, E., Cano, E., Castro, D., Andrade, O., Sanchez, V., Garcia, R., Buiatti, E., Aebischer, C., Franceschi, S., Oliver, W., and Munoz, N. Chemoprevention of precancerous gastric lesions with antioxidant vitamin supplementation: a randomized trial in a high-risk population. J.Natl.Cancer Inst. 1-17-2007;99(2):137-146. View abstract.

Liu, B. A., McGeer, A., McArthur, M. A., Simor, A. E., Aghdassi, E., Davis, L., and Allard, J. P. Effect of multivitamin and mineral supplementation on episodes of infection in nursing home residents: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. J.Am.Geriatr.Soc. 2007;55(1):35-42. View abstract.

Kubo, A. and Corley, D. A. Meta-analysis of antioxidant intake and the risk of esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Am.J.Gastroenterol. 2007;102(10):2323-2330. View abstract.

Cook, N. R., Albert, C. M., Gaziano, J. M., Zaharris, E., MacFadyen, J., Danielson, E., Buring, J. E., and Manson, J. E. A randomized factorial trial of vitamins C and E and beta carotene in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in women: results from the Women's Antioxidant Cardiovascular Study. Arch.Intern.Med. 8-13-2007;167(15):1610-1618. View abstract.

Grieger, J. A., Nowson, C. A., Jarman, H. F., Malon, R., and Ackland, L. M. Multivitamin supplementation improves nutritional status and bone quality in aged care residents. Eur.J.Clin.Nutr. 2009;63(4):558-565. View abstract.

Christen, W. G., Glynn, R. J., Chew, E. Y., and Buring, J. E. Vitamin E and age-related cataract in a randomized trial of women. Ophthalmology 2008;115(5):822-829. View abstract.

Evans, J. R. and Henshaw, K. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age-related macular degeneration. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2008;(1):CD000253. View abstract.

Gao, J., Gao, X., Li, W., Zhu, Y., and Thompson, P. J. Observational studies on the effect of dietary antioxidants on asthma: a meta-analysis. Respirology. 2008;13(4):528-536. View abstract.

Bjelakovic, G., Nikolova, D., Gluud, L. L., Simonetti, R. G., and Gluud, C. Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2008;(2):CD007176. View abstract.

Sesso, H. D., Buring, J. E., Christen, W. G., Kurth, T., Belanger, C., MacFadyen, J., Bubes, V., Manson, J. E., Glynn, R. J., and Gaziano, J. M. Vitamins E and C in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in men: the Physicians' Health Study II randomized controlled trial. JAMA 11-12-2008;300(18):2123-2133. View abstract.

Lin, J., Cook, N. R., Albert, C., Zaharris, E., Gaziano, J. M., Van, Denburgh M., Buring, J. E., and Manson, J. E. Vitamins C and E and beta carotene supplementation and cancer risk: a randomized controlled trial. J.Natl.Cancer Inst. 1-7-2009;101(1):14-23. View abstract.

Bjelakovic, G., Nikolova, D., Simonetti, R. G., and Gluud, C. Systematic review: primary and secondary prevention of gastrointestinal cancers with antioxidant supplements. Aliment.Pharmacol.Ther. 9-15-2008;28(6):689-703. View abstract.

Garbagnati, F., Cairella, G., De, Martino A., Multari, M., Scognamiglio, U., Venturiero, V., and Paolucci, S. Is antioxidant and n-3 supplementation able to improve functional status in poststroke patients? Results from the Nutristroke Trial. Cerebrovasc.Dis. 2009;27(4):375-383. View abstract.

Allen, S., Britton, J. R., and Leonardi-Bee, J. A. Association between antioxidant vitamins and asthma outcome measures: systematic review and meta-analysis. Thorax 2009;64(7):610-619. View abstract.

Song, Y., Cook, N. R., Albert, C. M., Van, Denburgh M., and Manson, J. E. Effects of vitamins C and E and beta-carotene on the risk of type 2 diabetes in women at high risk of cardiovascular disease: a randomized controlled trial. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 2009;90(2):429-437. View abstract.

Hercberg, S., Kesse-Guyot, E., Druesne-Pecollo, N., Touvier, M., Favier, A., Latino-Martel, P., Briancon, S., and Galan, P. Incidence of cancers, ischemic cardiovascular diseases and mortality during 5-year follow-up after stopping antioxidant vitamins and minerals supplements: a postintervention follow-up in the SU.VI.MAX Study. Int.J.Cancer 10-15-2010;127(8):1875-1881. View abstract.

Papaioannou, D., Cooper, K. L., Carroll, C., Hind, D., Squires, H., Tappenden, P., and Logan, R. F. Antioxidants in the chemoprevention of colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomas in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Colorectal Dis. 2011;13(10):1085-1099. View abstract.

Cooper, K., Squires, H., Carroll, C., Papaioannou, D., Booth, A., Logan, R. F., Maguire, C., Hind, D., and Tappenden, P. Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer: systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol.Assess. 2010;14(32):1-206. View abstract.

Devore, E. E., Grodstein, F., van Rooij, F. J., Hofman, A., Stampfer, M. J., Witteman, J. C., and Breteler, M. M. Dietary antioxidants and long-term risk of dementia. Arch.Neurol. 2010;67(7):819-825. View abstract.

Stratton, J. and Godwin, M. The effect of supplemental vitamins and minerals on the development of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fam.Pract. 2011;28(3):243-252. View abstract.

Bjelakovic, G., Gluud, L. L., Nikolova, D., Bjelakovic, M., Nagorni, A., and Gluud, C. Antioxidant supplements for liver diseases. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2011;(3):CD007749. View abstract.

Myung, S. K., Ju, W., Kim, S. C., and Kim, H. Vitamin or antioxidant intake (or serum level) and risk of cervical neoplasm: a meta-analysis. BJOG. 2011;118(11):1285-1291. View abstract.

Fulan, H., Changxing, J., Baina, W. Y., Wencui, Z., Chunqing, L., Fan, W., Dandan, L., Dianjun, S., Tong, W., Da, P., and Yashuang, Z. Retinol, vitamins A, C, and E and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. Cancer Causes Control 2011;22(10):1383-1396. View abstract.

Greenberg, E. R., Baron, J. A., Stukel, T. A., Stevens, M. M., Mandel, J. S., Spencer, S. K., Elias, P. M., Lowe, N., Nierenberg, D. W., Bayrd, G., and . A clinical trial of beta carotene to prevent basal-cell and squamous-cell cancers of the skin. The Skin Cancer Prevention Study Group. N.Engl.J.Med. 9-20-1990;323(12):789-795. View abstract.

Lahner, E., Persechino, S., and Annibale, B. Micronutrients (Other than iron) and Helicobacter pylori infection: a systematic review. Helicobacter. 2012;17(1):1-15. View abstract.

Galli, F., Battistoni, A., Gambari, R., Pompella, A., Bragonzi, A., Pilolli, F., Iuliano, L., Piroddi, M., Dechecchi, M. C., and Cabrini, G. Oxidative stress and antioxidant therapy in cystic fibrosis. Biochim.Biophys.Acta 2012;1822(5):690-713. View abstract.

Bjelakovic, G., Nikolova, D., Gluud, L. L., Simonetti, R. G., and Gluud, C. Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;3:CD007176. View abstract.

Evans, J. R. and Lawrenson, J. G. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age-related macular degeneration. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;6:CD000253. View abstract.

Mathew, M. C., Ervin, A. M., Tao, J., and Davis, R. M. Antioxidant vitamin supplementation for preventing and slowing the progression of age-related cataract. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;6:CD004567. View abstract.

Cortes-Jofre, M., Rueda, J. R., Corsini-Munoz, G., Fonseca-Cortes, C., Caraballoso, M., and Bonfill, Cosp, X. Drugs for preventing lung cancer in healthy people. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;10:CD002141. View abstract.

Evans, J. R. and Lawrenson, J. G. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;11:CD000254. View abstract.

No author. The alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene lung cancer prevention study: design, methods, participant characteristics, and compliance. The ATBC Cancer Prevention Study Group. Ann.Epidemiol. 1994;4(1):1-10. View abstract.

Li, J. Y., Taylor, P. R., Li, B., Dawsey, S., Wang, G. Q., Ershow, A. G., Guo, W., Liu, S. F., Yang, C. S., Shen, Q., and . Nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China: multiple vitamin/mineral supplementation, cancer incidence, and disease-specific mortality among adults with esophageal dysplasia. J.Natl.Cancer Inst. 9-15-1993;85(18):1492-1498. View abstract.

Rapola, J. M., Virtamo, J., Haukka, J. K., Heinonen, O. P., Albanes, D., Taylor, P. R., and Huttunen, J. K. Effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of angina pectoris. A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. JAMA 3-6-1996;275(9):693-698. View abstract.

Richer, S. Multicenter ophthalmic and nutritional age-related macular degeneration study--part 2: antioxidant intervention and conclusions. J.Am.Optom.Assoc. 1996;67(1):30-49. View abstract.

Hofstad, B., Almendingen, K., Vatn, M., Andersen, S. N., Owen, R. W., Larsen, S., and Osnes, M. Growth and recurrence of colorectal polyps: a double-blind 3-year intervention with calcium and antioxidants. Digestion 1998;59(2):148-156. View abstract.

Whelan, A. M., Jurgens, T. M., and Naylor, H. Herbs, vitamins and minerals in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: a systematic review. Can.J.Clin.Pharmacol. 2009;16(3):e407-e429. View abstract.

Witte, K. K., Nikitin, N. P., Parker, A. C., von Haehling, S., Volk, H. D., Anker, S. D., Clark, A. L., and Cleland, J. G. The effect of micronutrient supplementation on quality-of-life and left ventricular function in elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2005;26(21):2238-2244. View abstract.

Patel, B. P. and Hamadeh, M. J. Nutritional and exercise-based interventions in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Clin Nutr. 2009;28(6):604-617. View abstract.

Sieswerda, E., van Dalen, E. C., Postma, A., Cheuk, D. K., Caron, H. N., and Kremer, L. C. Medical interventions for treating anthracycline-induced symptomatic and asymptomatic cardiotoxicity during and after treatment for childhood cancer. Cochrane Database Syst.Rev. 2011;(9):CD008011. View abstract.

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Mark, S. D., Wang, W., Fraumeni, J. F., Jr., Li, J. Y., Taylor, P. R., Wang, G. Q., Guo, W., Dawsey, S. M., Li, B., and Blot, W. J. Lowered risks of hypertension and cerebrovascular disease after vitamin/mineral supplementation: the Linxian Nutrition Intervention Trial. Am.J.Epidemiol. 4-1-1996;143(7):658-664. View abstract.

Li, H., Li, H. Q., Wang, Y., Xu, H. X., Fan, W. T., Wang, M. L., Sun, P. H., and Xie, X. Y. An intervention study to prevent gastric cancer by micro-selenium and large dose of allitridum. Chin Med.J.(Engl.) 2004;117(8):1155-1160. View abstract.

Safarinejad, M. R., Hosseini, S. Y., and Kolahi, A. A. Comparison of vitamin E and propionyl-L-carnitine, separately or in combination, in patients with early chronic Peyronie's disease: a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized study. J Urol. 2007;178(4 Pt 1):1398-1403. View abstract.

Socha, P., Horvath, A., Vajro, P., Dziechciarz, P., Dhawan, A., and Szajewska, H. Pharmacological interventions for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults and in children: a systematic review. J Pediatr.Gastroenterol.Nutr. 2009;48(5):587-596. View abstract.

Morris, C. R. and Agin, M. C. Syndrome of allergy, apraxia, and malabsorption: characterization of a neurodevelopmental phenotype that responds to omega 3 and vitamin E supplementation. Altern.Ther Health Med. 2009;15(4):34-43. View abstract.

Bartlett, H. E. and Eperjesi, F. Effect of lutein and antioxidant dietary supplementation on contrast sensitivity in age-related macular disease: a randomized controlled trial. Eur.J.Clin.Nutr. 2007;61(9):1121-1127. View abstract.

Piermarocchi, S., Saviano, S., Parisi, V., Tedeschi, M., Panozzo, G., Scarpa, G., Boschi, G., and Lo, Giudice G. Carotenoids in Age-related Maculopathy Italian Study (CARMIS): two-year results of a randomized study. Eur.J.Ophthalmol. 2012;22(2):216-225. View abstract.

Voorrips, L. E., Goldbohm, R. A., Brants, H. A., van Poppel, G. A., Sturmans, F., Hermus, R. J., and van den Brandt, P. A. A prospective cohort study on antioxidant and folate intake and male lung cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol.Biomarkers Prev. 2000;9(4):357-365. View abstract.

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Dorgan, J. F., Sowell, A., Swanson, C. A., Potischman, N., Miller, R., Schussler, N., and Stephenson, H. E., Jr. Relationships of serum carotenoids, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and selenium with breast cancer risk: results from a prospective study in Columbia, Missouri (United States). Cancer Causes Control 1998;9(1):89-97. View abstract.

Stewart, S., Prince, M., Bassendine, M., Hudson, M., James, O., Jones, D., Record, C., and Day, C. P. A randomized trial of antioxidant therapy alone or with corticosteroids in acute alcoholic hepatitis. J Hepatol. 2007;47(2):277-283. View abstract.

Loguercio C, Andreone P, Brisc C, et al. Silybin combined with phosphatidylcholine and vitamin E in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial. Free Radic Biol Med 2012;52(9):1658-65. View abstract.

Albanes, D., Malila, N., Taylor, P. R., Huttunen, J. K., Virtamo, J., Edwards, B. K., Rautalahti, M., Hartman, A. M., Barrett, M. J., Pietinen, P., Hartman, T. J., Sipponen, P., Lewin, K., Teerenhovi, L., Hietanen, P., Tangrea, J. A., Virtanen, M., and Heinonen, O. P. Effects of supplemental alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene on colorectal cancer: results from a controlled trial (Finland). Cancer Causes Control 2000;11(3):197-205. View abstract.

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Virtamo, J., Edwards, B. K., Virtanen, M., Taylor, P. R., Malila, N., Albanes, D., Huttunen, J. K., Hartman, A. M., Hietanen, P., Maenpaa, H., Koss, L., Nordling, S., and Heinonen, O. P. Effects of supplemental alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene on urinary tract cancer: incidence and mortality in a controlled trial (Finland). Cancer Causes Control 2000;11(10):933-939. View abstract.

Poulter, J. M., White, W. F., and Dickerson, J. W. Ascorbic acid supplementation and five year survival rates in women with early breast cancer. Acta Vitaminol.Enzymol. 1984;6(3):175-182. View abstract.

Bussey, H. J., DeCosse, J. J., Deschner, E. E., Eyers, A. A., Lesser, M. L., Morson, B. C., Ritchie, S. M., Thomson, J. P., and Wadsworth, J. A randomized trial of ascorbic acid in polyposis coli. Cancer 10-1-1982;50(7):1434-1439. View abstract.

Blot, W. J., Li, J. Y., Taylor, P. R., Guo, W., Dawsey, S. M., and Li, B. The Linxian trials: mortality rates by vitamin-mineral intervention group. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;62(6 Suppl):1424S-1426S. View abstract.

Li, B., Taylor, P. R., Li, J. Y., Dawsey, S. M., Wang, W., Tangrea, J. A., Liu, B. Q., Ershow, A. G., Zheng, S. F., Fraumeni, J. F., Jr., and . Linxian nutrition intervention trials. Design, methods, participant characteristics, and compliance. Ann Epidemiol. 1993;3(6):577-585. View abstract.

Taylor, P. R., Li, B., Dawsey, S. M., Li, J. Y., Yang, C. S., Guo, W., and Blot, W. J. Prevention of esophageal cancer: the nutrition intervention trials in Linxian, China. Linxian Nutrition Intervention Trials Study Group. Cancer Res 4-1-1994;54(7 Suppl):2029s-2031s. View abstract.

Lamm, D. L., Riggs, D. R., Shriver, J. S., vanGilder, P. F., Rach, J. F., and DeHaven, J. I. Megadose vitamins in bladder cancer: a double-blind clinical trial. J Urol 1994;151(1):21-26. View abstract.

Cahill, R. J., O'Sullivan, K. R., Mathias, P. M., Beattie, S., Hamilton, H., and O'Morain, C. Effects of vitamin antioxidant supplementation on cell kinetics of patients with adenomatous polyps. Gut 1993;34(7):963-967. View abstract.

Gogos, C. A., Ginopoulos, P., Salsa, B., Apostolidou, E., Zoumbos, N. C., and Kalfarentzos, F. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids plus vitamin E restore immunodeficiency and prolong survival for severely ill patients with generalized malignancy: a randomized control trial. Cancer 1-15-1998;82(2):395-402. View abstract.

Rosselli, J. L., Thacker, S. M., Karpinski, J. P., and Petkewicz, K. A. Treatment of IgA nephropathy: an update. Ann.Pharmacother. 2011;45(10):1284-1296. View abstract.

Trikalinos, T. A., Moorthy, D., Chung, M., Yu, W. W., Lee, J., Lichtenstein, A. H., and Lau, J. Concordance of randomized and nonrandomized studies was unrelated to translational patterns of two nutrient-disease associations. J.Clin.Epidemiol. 2012;65(1):16-29. View abstract.

Bath-Hextall, F. J., Jenkinson, C., Humphreys, R., and Williams, H. C. Dietary supplements for established atopic eczema. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;2:CD005205. View abstract.

Law, M. R. and Morris, J. K. By how much does fruit and vegetable consumption reduce the risk of ischaemic heart disease? Eur J Clin Nutr 1998;52(8):549-556. View abstract.

Ciliberto, H., Ciliberto, M., Briend, A., Ashorn, P., Bier, D., and Manary, M. Antioxidant supplementation for the prevention of kwashiorkor in Malawian children: randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial. BMJ 5-14-2005;330(7500):1109. View abstract.

Odigwe, C. C., Smedslund, G., Ejemot-Nwadiaro, R. I., Anyanechi, C. C., and Krawinkel, M. B. Supplementary vitamin E, selenium, cysteine and riboflavin for preventing kwashiorkor in preschool children in developing countries. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2010;(4):CD008147. View abstract.

Munoz, N., Wahrendorf, J., Bang, L. J., Crespi, M., Thurnham, D. I., Day, N. E., Ji, Z. H., Grassi, A., Yan, L. W., Lin, L. G., and . No effect of riboflavine, retinol, and zinc on prevalence of precancerous lesions of oesophagus. Randomised double-blind intervention study in high-risk population of China. Lancet 7-20-1985;2(8447):111-114. View abstract.

Pfeiffer, J. M., Askew, E. W., Roberts, D. E., Wood, S. M., Benson, J. E., Johnson, S. C., and Freedman, M. S. Effect of antioxidant supplementation on urine and blood markers of oxidative stress during extended moderate-altitude training. Wilderness.Environ.Med 1999;10(2):66-74. View abstract.

Chao, W. H., Askew, E. W., Roberts, D. E., Wood, S. M., and Perkins, J. B. Oxidative stress in humans during work at moderate altitude. J Nutr. 1999;129(11):2009-2012. View abstract.

Allsup, S. J., Shenkin, A., Gosney, M. A., Taylor, S., Taylor, W., Hammond, M., and Zambon, M. C. Can a short period of micronutrient supplementation in older institutionalized people improve response to influenza vaccine? A randomized, controlled trial. J Am.Geriatr.Soc. 2004;52(1):20-24. View abstract.

Groenbaek, K., Friis, H., Hansen, M., Ring-Larsen, H., and Krarup, H. B. The effect of antioxidant supplementation on hepatitis C viral load, transaminases and oxidative status: a randomized trial among chronic hepatitis C virus-infected patients. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;18(9):985-989. View abstract.

Singh, U., Otvos, J., Dasgupta, A., de Lemos, J. A., Devaraj, S., and Jialal, I. High-dose alpha-tocopherol therapy does not affect HDL subfractions in patients with coronary artery disease on statin therapy. Clin Chem 2007;53(3):525-528. View abstract.

Yu, S. Y., Zhu, Y. J., Li, W. G., Huang, Q. S., Huang, C. Z., Zhang, Q. N., and Hou, C. A preliminary report on the intervention trials of primary liver cancer in high-risk populations with nutritional supplementation of selenium in China. Biol.Trace Elem.Res. 1991;29(3):289-294. View abstract.

Fairris, G. M., Perkins, P. J., Lloyd, B., Hinks, L., and Clayton, B. E. The effect on atopic dermatitis of supplementation with selenium and vitamin E. Acta Derm.Venereol. 1989;69(4):359-362. View abstract.

Gaby, A. R. Natural approaches to epilepsy. Altern.Med Rev. 2007;12(1):9-24. View abstract.

Bohlke, K., Spiegelman, D., Trichopoulou, A., Katsouyanni, K., and Trichopoulos, D. Vitamins A, C and E and the risk of breast cancer: results from a case-control study in Greece. Br.J Cancer 1999;79(1):23-29. View abstract.

Look, M. P., Gerard, A., Rao, G. S., Sudhop, T., Fischer, H. P., Sauerbruch, T., and Spengler, U. Interferon/antioxidant combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C--a controlled pilot trial. Antiviral Res 1999;43(2):113-122. View abstract.

Ideo, G., Bellobuono, A., Tempini, S., Mondazzi, L., Airoldi, A., Benetti, G., Bissoli, F., Cestari, C., Colombo, E., Del, Poggio P., Fracassetti, O., Lazzaroni, S., Marelli, A., Paris, B., Prada, A., Rainer, E., and Roffi, L. Antioxidant drugs combined with alpha-interferon in chronic hepatitis C not responsive to alpha-interferon alone: a randomized, multicentre study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999;11(11):1203-1207. View abstract.

Moorman, P. G., Ricciuti, M. F., Millikan, R. C., and Newman, B. Vitamin supplement use and breast cancer in a North Carolina population. Public Health Nutr 2001;4(3):821-827. View abstract.

MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 7-6-2002;360(9326):7-22. View abstract.

Gueguen, S., Pirollet, P., Leroy, P., Guilland, J. C., Arnaud, J., Paille, F., Siest, G., Visvikis, S., Hercberg, S., and Herbeth, B. Changes in serum retinol, alpha-tocopherol, vitamin C, carotenoids, xinc and selenium after micronutrient supplementation during alcohol rehabilitation. J.Am.Coll.Nutr. 2003;22(4):303-310. View abstract.

Mezey, E., Potter, J. J., Rennie-Tankersley, L., Caballeria, J., and Pares, A. A randomized placebo controlled trial of vitamin E for alcoholic hepatitis. J Hepatol. 2004;40(1):40-46. View abstract.

Takagi, H., Kakizaki, S., Sohara, N., Sato, K., Tsukioka, G., Tago, Y., Konaka, K., Kabeya, K., Kaneko, M., Takayama, H., Hashimoto, Y., Yamada, T., Takahashi, H., Shimojo, H., Nagamine, T., and Mori, M. Pilot clinical trial of the use of alpha-tocopherol for the prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 2003;73(6):411-415. View abstract.

Saeian, K., Bajaj, J. S., Franco, J., Knox, J. F., Daniel, J., Peine, C., McKee, D., Varma, R. R., and Ho, S. High-dose vitamin E supplementation does not diminish ribavirin-associated haemolysis in hepatitis C treatment with combination standard alpha-interferon and ribavirin. Aliment.Pharmacol.Ther 11-15-2004;20(10):1189-1193. View abstract.

Avenell, A., Campbell, M. K., Cook, J. A., Hannaford, P. C., Kilonzo, M. M., McNeill, G., Milne, A. C., Ramsay, C. R., Seymour, D. G., Stephen, A. I., and Vale, L. D. Effect of multivitamin and multimineral supplements on morbidity from infections in older people (MAVIS trial): pragmatic, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial. BMJ 8-6-2005;331(7512):324-329. View abstract.

Hino, K., Murakami, Y., Nagai, A., Kitase, A., Hara, Y., Furutani, T., Ren, F., Yamaguchi, Y., Yutoku, K., Yamashita, S., Okuda, M., Okita, M., and Okita, K. Alpha-tocopherol [corrected] and ascorbic acid attenuates the ribavirin [corrected] induced decrease of eicosapentaenoic acid in erythrocyte membrane in chronic hepatitis C patients. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;21(8):1269-1275. View abstract.

Canter, P. H., Wider, B., and Ernst, E. The antioxidant vitamins A, C, E and selenium in the treatment of arthritis: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Rheumatology.(Oxford) 2007;46(8):1223-1233. View abstract.

Gabbay, E., Zigmond, E., Pappo, O., Hemed, N., Rowe, M., Zabrecky, G., Cohen, R., and Ilan, Y. Antioxidant therapy for chronic hepatitis C after failure of interferon: results of phase II randomized, double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial. World J Gastroenterol 10-28-2007;13(40):5317-5323. View abstract.

Maraini, G., Williams, S. L., Sperduto, R. D., Ferris, F., Milton, R. C., Clemons, T. E., Rosmini, F., and Ferrigno, L. A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial of multivitamin supplementation for age-related lens opacities. Clinical trial of nutritional supplements and age-related cataract report no. 3. Ophthalmology 2008;115(4):599-607. View abstract.

Penn, N. D., Purkins, L., Kelleher, J., Heatley, R. V., Mascie-Taylor, B. H., and Belfield, P. W. The effect of dietary supplementation with vitamins A, C and E on cell-mediated immune function in elderly long-stay patients: a randomized controlled trial. Age Ageing 1991;20(3):169-174. View abstract.

Agte, V. and Tarwadi, K. The importance of nutrition in the prevention of ocular disease with special reference to cataract. Ophthalmic Res 2010;44(3):166-172. View abstract.

Verreault, R., Chu, J., Mandelson, M., and Shy, K. A case-control study of diet and invasive cervical cancer. Int J Cancer 6-15-1989;43(6):1050-1054. View abstract.

Pike, J. and Chandra, R. K. Effect of vitamin and trace element supplementation on immune indices in healthy elderly. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1995;65(2):117-121. View abstract.

de la Maza, M. P., Petermann, M., Bunout, D., and Hirsch, S. Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation in alcoholic cirrhotics. J Am Coll Nutr 1995;14(2):192-196. View abstract.

Butcher, G. P., Rhodes, J. M., Walker, R., Krasner, N., and Jackson, M. J. The effect of antioxidant supplementation on a serum marker of free radical activity and abnormal serum biochemistry in alcoholic patients admitted for detoxification. J Hepatol. 1993;19(1):105-109. View abstract.

Negri, E., La, Vecchia C., Franceschi, S., D'Avanzo, B., Talamini, R., Parpinel, M., Ferraroni, M., Filiberti, R., Montella, M., Falcini, F., Conti, E., and Decarli, A. Intake of selected micronutrients and the risk of breast cancer. Int J Cancer 1-17-1996;65(2):140-144. View abstract.

Verhoeven, D. T., Assen, N., Goldbohm, R. A., Dorant, E., van, 't, V, Sturmans, F., Hermus, R. J., and Van den Brandt, P. A. Vitamins C and E, retinol, beta-carotene and dietary fibre in relation to breast cancer risk: a prospective cohort study. Br.J Cancer 1997;75(1):149-155. View abstract.

Yu, S. Y., Zhu, Y. J., and Li, W. G. Protective role of selenium against hepatitis B virus and primary liver cancer in Qidong. Biol Trace Elem.Res 1997;56(1):117-124. View abstract.

von, Herbay A., Stahl, W., Niederau, C., and Sies, H. Vitamin E improves the aminotransferase status of patients suffering from viral hepatitis C: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Free Radic.Res 1997;27(6):599-605. View abstract.

Fang, J. C., Kinlay, S., Beltrame, J., Hikiti, H., Wainstein, M., Behrendt, D., Suh, J., Frei, B., Mudge, G. H., Selwyn, A. P., and Ganz, P. Effect of vitamins C and E on progression of transplant-associated arteriosclerosis: a randomised trial. Lancet 3-30-2002;359(9312):1108-1113. View abstract.

Hodis, H. N., Mack, W. J., LaBree, L., Mahrer, P. R., Sevanian, A., Liu, C. R., Liu, C. H., Hwang, J., Selzer, R. H., and Azen, S. P. Alpha-tocopherol supplementation in healthy individuals reduces low-density lipoprotein oxidation but not atherosclerosis: the Vitamin E Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (VEAPS). Circulation 9-17-2002;106(12):1453-1459. View abstract.

Zureik, M., Galan, P., Bertrais, S., Mennen, L., Czernichow, S., Blacher, J., Ducimetiere, P., and Hercberg, S. Effects of long-term daily low-dose supplementation with antioxidant vitamins and minerals on structure and function of large arteries. Arterioscler.Thromb.Vasc.Biol. 2004;24(8):1485-1491. View abstract.

DeMaio, S. J., King, S. B., III, Lembo, N. J., Roubin, G. S., Hearn, J. A., Bhagavan, H. N., and Sgoutas, D. S. Vitamin E supplementation, plasma lipids and incidence of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). J Am.Coll.Nutr 1992;11(1):68-73. View abstract.

Dror, D. K. and Allen, L. H. Interventions with vitamins B6, B12 and C in pregnancy. Paediatr.Perinat.Epidemiol. 2012;26 Suppl 1:55-74. View abstract.

Myung, S. K., Ju, W., Cho, B., Oh, S. W., Park, S. M., Koo, B. K., and Park, B. J. Efficacy of vitamin and antioxidant supplements in prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 2013;346:f10. View abstract.

de Valk, H. W., Hardus, P. L., van Rijn, H. J., and Erkelens, D. W. Plasma magnesium concentration and progression of retinopathy. Diabetes Care 1999;22(5):864-865. View abstract.

Marchioli, R. Antioxidant vitamins and prevention of cardiovascular disease: laboratory, epidemiological and clinical trial data. Pharmacol.Res 1999;40(3):227-238. View abstract.

Garrett, S. K., McNeil, J. J., Silagy, C., Sinclair, M., Thomas, A. P., Robman, L. P., McCarty, C. A., Tikellis, G., and Taylor, H. R. Methodology of the VECAT study: vitamin E intervention in cataract and age-related maculopathy. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 1999;6(3):195-208. View abstract.

Ekstrom, A. M., Serafini, M., Nyren, O., Hansson, L. E., Ye, W., and Wolk, A. Dietary antioxidant intake and the risk of cardia cancer and noncardia cancer of the intestinal and diffuse types: a population-based case-control study in Sweden. Int J Cancer 7-1-2000;87(1):133-140. View abstract.

Cheng, K. K., Sharp, L., McKinney, P. A., Logan, R. F., Chilvers, C. E., Cook-Mozaffari, P., Ahmed, A., and Day, N. E. A case-control study of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in women: a preventable disease. Br J Cancer 2000;83(1):127-132. View abstract.

Huang, H. Y., Helzlsouer, K. J., and Appel, L. J. The effects of vitamin C and vitamin E on oxidative DNA damage: results from a randomized controlled trial. Cancer Epidemiol.Biomarkers Prev. 2000;9(7):647-652. View abstract.

Terry, P., Lagergren, J., Ye, W., Nyren, O., and Wolk, A. Antioxidants and cancers of the esophagus and gastric cardia. Int J Cancer 9-1-2000;87(5):750-754. View abstract.

Kontush, A., Mann, U., Arlt, S., Ujeyl, A., Luhrs, C., Muller-Thomsen, T., and Beisiegel, U. Influence of vitamin E and C supplementation on lipoprotein oxidation in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Free Radic.Biol.Med 8-1-2001;31(3):345-354. View abstract.

Desnuelle, C., Dib, M., Garrel, C., and Favier, A. A double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ALS riluzole-tocopherol Study Group. Amyotroph.Lateral.Scler.Other Motor Neuron Disord. 2001;2(1):9-18. View abstract.

de Waart, F. G., Kok, F. J., Smilde, T. J., Hijmans, A., Wollersheim, H., and Stalenhoef, A. F. Effect of glutathione S-transferase M1 genotype on progression of atherosclerosis in lifelong male smokers. Atherosclerosis 2001;158(1):227-231. View abstract.

Li, W., Zhu, Y., Yan, X., Zhang, Q., Li, X., Ni, Z., Shen, Z., Yao, H., and Zhu, J. [The prevention of primary liver cancer by selenium in high risk populations]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi.Xue.Za Zhi. 2000;34(6):336-338. View abstract.

Asplund, K. Antioxidant vitamins in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review. J Intern.Med 2002;251(5):372-392. View abstract.

Engelhart, M. J., Geerlings, M. I., Ruitenberg, A., van Swieten, J. C., Hofman, A., Witteman, J. C., and Breteler, M. M. Dietary intake of antioxidants and risk of Alzheimer disease. JAMA 6-26-2002;287(24):3223-3229. View abstract.

Morris, M. C., Evans, D. A., Bienias, J. L., Tangney, C. C., Bennett, D. A., Aggarwal, N., Wilson, R. S., and Scherr, P. A. Dietary intake of antioxidant nutrients and the risk of incident Alzheimer disease in a biracial community study. JAMA 6-26-2002;287(24):3230-3237. View abstract.

Taylor, H. R., Tikellis, G., Robman, L. D., McCarty, C. A., and McNeil, J. J. Vitamin E supplementation and macular degeneration: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 7-6-2002;325(7354):11. View abstract.

White, K. L., Chalmers, D. M., Martin, I. G., Everett, S. M., Neville, P. M., Naylor, G., Sutcliffe, A. E., Dixon, M. F., Turner, P. C., and Schorah, C. J. Dietary antioxidants and DNA damage in patients on long-term acid-suppression therapy: a randomized controlled study. Br J Nutr 2002;88(3):265-271. View abstract.

Chen, H., Tucker, K. L., Graubard, B. I., Heineman, E. F., Markin, R. S., Potischman, N. A., Russell, R. M., Weisenburger, D. D., and Ward, M. H. Nutrient intakes and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and distal stomach. Nutr Cancer 2002;42(1):33-40. View abstract.

Bollschweiler, E., Wolfgarten, E., Nowroth, T., Rosendahl, U., Monig, S. P., and Holscher, A. H. Vitamin intake and risk of subtypes of esophageal cancer in Germany. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2002;128(10):575-580. View abstract.

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Laurin, D., Masaki, K. H., Foley, D. J., White, L. R., and Launer, L. J. Midlife dietary intake of antioxidants and risk of late-life incident dementia: the Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. Am.J.Epidemiol. 5-15-2004;159(10):959-967. View abstract.

Clemons, T. E., Kurinij, N., and Sperduto, R. D. Associations of mortality with ocular disorders and an intervention of high-dose antioxidants and zinc in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS Report No. 13. Arch.Ophthalmol. 2004;122(5):716-726. View abstract.

Manuel, Y. Keenoy, Vinckx, M., Vertommen, J., Van, Gaal L., and De, Leeuw, I. Impact of Vitamin E supplementation on lipoprotein peroxidation and composition in Type 1 diabetic patients treated with Atorvastatin. Atherosclerosis 2004;175(2):369-376. View abstract.

Graf, M., Ecker, D., Horowski, R., Kramer, B., Riederer, P., Gerlach, M., Hager, C., Ludolph, A. C., Becker, G., Osterhage, J., Jost, W. H., Schrank, B., Stein, C., Kostopulos, P., Lubik, S., Wekwerth, K., Dengler, R., Troeger, M., Wuerz, A., Hoge, A., Schrader, C., Schimke, N., Krampfl, K., Petri, S., Zierz, S., Eger, K., Neudecker, S., Traufeller, K., Sievert, M., Neundorfer, B., and Hecht, M. High dose vitamin E therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis as add-on therapy to riluzole: results of a placebo-controlled double-blind study. J Neural Transm. 2005;112(5):649-660. View abstract.

Manders, M., de Groot, L. C., van Staveren, W. A., Wouters-Wesseling, W., Mulders, A. J., Schols, J. M., and Hoefnagels, W. H. Effectiveness of nutritional supplements on cognitive functioning in elderly persons: a systematic review. J Gerontol.A Biol.Sci Med Sci 2004;59(10):1041-1049. View abstract.

Marras, C., McDermott, M. P., Rochon, P. A., Tanner, C. M., Naglie, G., Rudolph, A., and Lang, A. E. Survival in Parkinson disease: thirteen-year follow-up of the DATATOP cohort. Neurology 1-11-2005;64(1):87-93. View abstract.

Mooney, L. A., Madsen, A. M., Tang, D., Orjuela, M. A., Tsai, W. Y., Garduno, E. R., and Perera, F. P. Antioxidant vitamin supplementation reduces benzo(a)pyrene-DNA adducts and potential cancer risk in female smokers. Cancer Epidemiol.Biomarkers Prev. 2005;14(1):237-242. View abstract.

Pathak, A. K., Bhutani, M., Guleria, R., Bal, S., Mohan, A., Mohanti, B. K., Sharma, A., Pathak, R., Bhardwaj, N. K., Prasad, K. N., and Kochupillai, V. Chemotherapy alone vs. chemotherapy plus high dose multiple antioxidants in patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer. J Am.Coll.Nutr 2005;24(1):16-21. View abstract.

Tam, L. S., Li, E. K., Leung, V. Y., Griffith, J. F., Benzie, I. F., Lim, P. L., Whitney, B., Lee, V. W., Lee, K. K., Thomas, G. N., and Tomlinson, B. Effects of vitamins C and E on oxidative stress markers and endothelial function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a double blind, placebo controlled pilot study. J Rheumatol. 2005;32(2):275-282. View abstract.

Beazley, D., Ahokas, R., Livingston, J., Griggs, M., and Sibai, B. M. Vitamin C and E supplementation in women at high risk for preeclampsia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am.J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;192(2):520-521. View abstract.

Maxwell, C. J., Hicks, M. S., Hogan, D. B., Basran, J., and Ebly, E. M. Supplemental use of antioxidant vitamins and subsequent risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Dement.Geriatr.Cogn Disord. 2005;20(1):45-51. View abstract.

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Nouraie, M., Pietinen, P., Kamangar, F., Dawsey, S. M., Abnet, C. C., Albanes, D., Virtamo, J., and Taylor, P. R. Fruits, vegetables, and antioxidants and risk of gastric cancer among male smokers. Cancer Epidemiol.Biomarkers Prev. 2005;14(9):2087-2092. View abstract.

Czernichow, S., Bertrais, S., Blacher, J., Galan, P., Briancon, S., Favier, A., Safar, M., and Hercberg, S. Effect of supplementation with antioxidants upon long-term risk of hypertension in the SU.VI.MAX study: association with plasma antioxidant levels. J Hypertens. 2005;23(11):2013-2018. View abstract.

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Clarke, M. W., Ward, N. C., Wu, J. H., Hodgson, J. M., Puddey, I. B., and Croft, K. D. Supplementation with mixed tocopherols increases serum and blood cell gamma-tocopherol but does not alter biomarkers of platelet activation in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Am.J Clin.Nutr 2006;83(1):95-102. View abstract.

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Riemersma, R. A., Wood, D. A., Macintyre, C. C., Elton, R. A., Gey, K. F., and Oliver, M. F. Risk of angina pectoris and plasma concentrations of vitamins A, C, and E and carotene. Lancet 1-5-1991;337(8732):1-5. View abstract.

Polyzos, N. P., Mauri, D., Tsappi, M., Tzioras, S., Kamposioras, K., Cortinovis, I., and Casazza, G. Combined vitamin C and E supplementation during pregnancy for preeclampsia prevention: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol.Surv. 2007;62(3):202-206. View abstract.

Sharma, A., Dabla, S., Agrawal, R. P., Barjatya, H., Kochar, D. K., and Kothari, R. P. Serum magnesium: an early predictor of course and complications of diabetes mellitus. J Indian Med Assoc. 2007;105(1):16, 18, 20. View abstract.

Walter, R. M., Jr., Uriu-Hare, J. Y., Olin, K. L., Oster, M. H., Anawalt, B. D., Critchfield, J. W., and Keen, C. L. Copper, zinc, manganese, and magnesium status and complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 1991;14(11):1050-1056. View abstract.

Spinnato, J. A., Freire, S., Pinto E Silva JL, Cunha Rudge, M. V., Martins-Costa, S., Koch, M. A., Goco, N., Santos, Cde B., Cecatti, J. G., Costa, R., Ramos, J. G., Moss, N., and Sibai, B. M. Antioxidant therapy to prevent preeclampsia: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;110(6):1311-1318. View abstract.

Hemila, H. and Kaprio, J. Vitamin E supplementation may transiently increase tuberculosis risk in males who smoke heavily and have high dietary vitamin C intake. Br J Nutr 2008;100(4):896-902. View abstract.

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Gey, K. F., Puska, P., Jordan, P., and Moser, U. K. Inverse correlation between plasma vitamin E and mortality from ischemic heart disease in cross-cultural epidemiology. Am.J Clin.Nutr 1991;53(1 Suppl):326S-334S. View abstract.

Lee, C. T., Gayton, E. L., Beulens, J. W., Flanagan, D. W., and Adler, A. I. Micronutrients and diabetic retinopathy a systematic review. Ophthalmology 2010;117(1):71-78. View abstract.

Xu, H., Perez-Cuevas, R., Xiong, X., Reyes, H., Roy, C., Julien, P., Smith, G., von, Dadelszen P., Leduc, L., Audibert, F., Moutquin, J. M., Piedboeuf, B., Shatenstein, B., Parra-Cabrera, S., Choquette, P., Winsor, S., Wood, S., Benjamin, A., Walker, M., Helewa, M., Dube, J., Tawagi, G., Seaward, G., Ohlsson, A., Magee, L. A., Olatunbosun, F., Gratton, R., Shear, R., Demianczuk, N., Collet, J. P., Wei, S., and Fraser, W. D. An international trial of antioxidants in the prevention of preeclampsia (INTAPP). Am.J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;202(3):239. View abstract.

Roberts, J. M., Myatt, L., Spong, C. Y., Thom, E. A., Hauth, J. C., Leveno, K. J., Pearson, G. D., Wapner, R. J., Varner, M. W., Thorp, J. M., Jr., Mercer, B. M., Peaceman, A. M., Ramin, S. M., Carpenter, M. W., Samuels, P., Sciscione, A., Harper, M., Smith, W. J., Saade, G., Sorokin, Y., and Anderson, G. B. Vitamins C and E to prevent complications of pregnancy-associated hypertension. N.Engl.J Med 4-8-2010;362(14):1282-1291. View abstract.

McCance, D. R., Holmes, V. A., Maresh, M. J., Patterson, C. C., Walker, J. D., Pearson, D. W., and Young, I. S. Vitamins C and E for prevention of pre-eclampsia in women with type 1 diabetes (DAPIT): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 7-24-2010;376(9737):259-266. View abstract.

Riemersma, R. A., Oliver, M., Elton, R. A., Alfthan, G., Vartiainen, E., Salo, M., Rubba, P., Mancini, M., Georgi, H., Vuilleumier, J. P., and . Plasma antioxidants and coronary heart disease: vitamins C and E, and selenium. Eur.J Clin.Nutr 1990;44(2):143-150. View abstract.

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Conde-Agudelo, A., Romero, R., Kusanovic, J. P., and Hassan, S. S. Supplementation with vitamins C and E during pregnancy for the prevention of preeclampsia and other adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Am J Obstet.Gynecol. 2011;204(6):503-512. View abstract.

Rossi, A. C. and Mullin, P. M. Prevention of pre-eclampsia with low-dose aspirin or vitamins C and E in women at high or low risk: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Eur.J Obstet.Gynecol.Reprod.Biol. 2011;158(1):9-16. View abstract.

Li, G., Li, L., Yu, C., and Chen, L. Effect of vitamins C and E supplementation on Helicobacter pylori eradication: a meta-analysis. Br.J Nutr 2011;106(11):1632-1637. View abstract.

Coombes, J. S. and Fassett, R. G. Antioxidant therapy in hemodialysis patients: a systematic review. Kidney Int 2012;81(3):233-246. View abstract.

Stringer, M. D., Gorog, P. G., Freeman, A., and Kakkar, V. V. Lipid peroxides and atherosclerosis. BMJ 2-4-1989;298(6669):281-284. View abstract.

Erasmus, R. T., Olukoga, A. O., Alanamu, R. A., Adewoye, H. O., and Bojuwoye, B. Plasma magnesium and retinopathy in black African diabetics. Trop.Geogr.Med 1989;41(3):234-237. View abstract.

Hatwal, A., Gujral, A. S., Bhatia, R. P., Agrawal, J. K., and Bajpai, H. S. Association of hypomagnesemia with diabetic retinopathy. Acta Ophthalmol.(Copenh) 1989;67(6):714-716. View abstract.

Ali, S. M. and Chakraborty, S. K. Role of plasma ascorbate in diabetic microangiopathy. Bangladesh Med Res Counc.Bull. 1989;15(2):47-59. View abstract.

Salonen, J. T., Salonen, R., Penttila, I., Herranen, J., Jauhiainen, M., Kantola, M., Lappetelainen, R., Maenpaa, P. H., Alfthan, G., and Puska, P. Serum fatty acids, apolipoproteins, selenium and vitamin antioxidants and the risk of death from coronary artery disease. Am.J Cardiol. 8-1-1985;56(4):226-231. View abstract.

Gillilan, R. E., Mondell, B., and Warbasse, J. R. Quantitative evaluation of vitamin E in the treatment of angina pectoris. Am.Heart J 1977;93(4):444-449. View abstract.

Salonen, J. T., Salonen, R., Seppanen, K., Kantola, M., Parviainen, M., Alfthan, G., Maenpaa, P. H., Taskinen, E., and Rauramaa, R. Relationship of serum selenium and antioxidants to plasma lipoproteins, platelet aggregability and prevalent ischaemic heart disease in Eastern Finnish men. Atherosclerosis 1988;70(1-2):155-160. View abstract.

Gey, K. F., Stahelin, H. B., Puska, P., and Evans, A. Relationship of plasma level of vitamin C to mortality from ischemic heart disease. Ann.N.Y Acad.Sci 1987;498:110-123. View abstract.

Enstrom, J. E., Kanim, L. E., and Breslow, L. The relationship between vitamin C intake, general health practices, and mortality in Alameda County, California. Am.J Public Health 1986;76(9):1124-1130. View abstract.

Kok, F. J., de Bruijn, A. M., Vermeeren, R., Hofman, A., van, Laar A., de, Bruin M., Hermus, R. J., and Valkenburg, H. A. Serum selenium, vitamin antioxidants, and cardiovascular mortality: a 9-year follow-up study in the Netherlands. Am.J Clin.Nutr 1987;45(2):462-468. View abstract.

Ascorbic acid does not cure cancer. Nutr Rev 1985;43(5):146-147. View abstract.

Wilson, T. S., Datta, S. B., Murrell, J. S., and Andrews, C. T. Relation of vitamin C levels to mortality in a geriatric hospital: a study of the effect of vitamin C administration. Age Ageing 1973;2(3):163-171. View abstract.

Kardinaal, A. F., Kok, F. J., Ringstad, J., Gomez-Aracena, J., Mazaev, V. P., Kohlmeier, L., Martin, B. C., Aro, A., Kark, J. D., Delgado-Rodriguez, M., and . Antioxidants in adipose tissue and risk of myocardial infarction: the EURAMIC Study. Lancet 12-4-1993;342(8884):1379-1384. View abstract.

Morris, D. L., Kritchevsky, S. B., and Davis, C. E. Serum carotenoids and coronary heart disease. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial and Follow-up Study. JAMA 11-9-1994;272(18):1439-1441. View abstract.

Street, D. A., Comstock, G. W., Salkeld, R. M., Schuep, W., and Klag, M. J. Serum antioxidants and myocardial infarction. Are low levels of carotenoids and alpha-tocopherol risk factors for myocardial infarction? Circulation 1994;90(3):1154-1161. View abstract.

Bostick, R. M., Potter, J. D., McKenzie, D. R., Sellers, T. A., Kushi, L. H., Steinmetz, K. A., and Folsom, A. R. Reduced risk of colon cancer with high intake of vitamin E: the Iowa Women's Health Study. Cancer Res 9-15-1993;53(18):4230-4237. View abstract.

Martinoli, L., Di, Felice M., Seghieri, G., Ciuti, M., De Giorgio, L. A., Fazzini, A., Gori, R., Anichini, R., and Franconi, F. Plasma retinol and alpha-tocopherol concentrations in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: their relationship to microvascular complications. Int J Vitam.Nutr Res 1993;63(2):87-92. View abstract.

Gey, K. F., Moser, U. K., Jordan, P., Stahelin, H. B., Eichholzer, M., and Ludin, E. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease at suboptimal plasma concentrations of essential antioxidants: an epidemiological update with special attention to carotene and vitamin C. Am.J Clin.Nutr 1993;57(5 Suppl):787S-797S. View abstract.

Kabat, G. C., Ng, S. K., and Wynder, E. L. Tobacco, alcohol intake, and diet in relation to adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastric cardia. Cancer Causes Control 1993;4(2):123-132. View abstract.

Rema, M., Mohan, V., Bhaskar, A., and Shanmugasundaram, K. R. Does oxidant stress play a role in diabetic retinopathy? Indian J Ophthalmol. 1995;43(1):17-21. View abstract.

Takamatsu, S., Takamatsu, M., Satoh, K., Imaizumi, T., Yoshida, H., Hiramoto, M., Koyama, M., Ohgushi, Y., and Mizuno, S. Effects on health of dietary supplementation with 100 mg d-alpha-tocopheryl acetate, daily for 6 years. J Int Med Res 1995;23(5):342-357. View abstract.

Ohrvall, M., Sundlof, G., and Vessby, B. Gamma, but not alpha, tocopherol levels in serum are reduced in coronary heart disease patients. J Intern.Med 1996;239(2):111-117. View abstract.

Sano, M., Ernesto, C., Klauber, M. R., Schafer, K., Woodbury, P., Thomas, R., Grundman, M., Growdon, J., and Thal, L. J. Rationale and design of a multicenter study of selegiline and alpha-tocopherol in the treatment of Alzheimer disease using novel clinical outcomes. Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study. Alzheimer Dis.Assoc.Disord. 1996;10(3):132-140. View abstract.

Tzonou, A., Lipworth, L., Garidou, A., Signorello, L. B., Lagiou, P., Hsieh, C., and Trichopoulos, D. Diet and risk of esophageal cancer by histologic type in a low-risk population. Int J Cancer 11-4-1996;68(3):300-304. View abstract.

Zhang, Z. F., Kurtz, R. C., Yu, G. P., Sun, M., Gargon, N., Karpeh, M., Jr., Fein, J. S., and Harlap, S. Adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastric cardia: the role of diet. Nutr Cancer 1997;27(3):298-309. View abstract.

Evans, R. W., Shaten, B. J., Day, B. W., and Kuller, L. H. Prospective association between lipid soluble antioxidants and coronary heart disease in men. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am.J Epidemiol. 1-15-1998;147(2):180-186. View abstract.

Kostner, K., Hornykewycz, S., Yang, P., Neunteufl, T., Glogar, D., Weidinger, F., Maurer, G., and Huber, K. Is oxidative stress causally linked to unstable angina pectoris? A study in 100 CAD patients and matched controls. Cardiovasc.Res 1997;36(3):330-336. View abstract.

Willems, D., Dorchy, H., and Dufrasne, D. Serum antioxidant status and oxidized LDL in well-controlled young type 1 diabetic patients with and without subclinical complications. Atherosclerosis 1998;137 Suppl:S61-S64. View abstract.

Bobak, M., Brunner, E., Miller, N. J., Skodova, Z., and Marmot, M. Could antioxidants play a role in high rates of coronary heart disease in the Czech Republic? Eur.J Clin.Nutr 1998;52(9):632-636. View abstract.

Mayer-Davis, E. J., Bell, R. A., Reboussin, B. A., Rushing, J., Marshall, J. A., and Hamman, R. F. Antioxidant nutrient intake and diabetic retinopathy: the San Luis Valley Diabetes Study. Ophthalmology 1998;105(12):2264-2270. View abstract.

Javanbakht, M. H., Keshavarz, S. A., Djalali, M., Siassi, F., Eshraghian, M. R., Firooz, A., Seirafi, H., Ehsani, A. H., Chamari, M., and Mirshafiey, A. Randomized controlled trial using vitamins E and D supplementation in atopic dermatitis. J Dermatolog.Treat. 2011;22(3):144-150. View abstract.

Hu, J., La, Vecchia C., Negri, E., Chatenoud, L., Bosetti, C., Jia, X., Liu, R., Huang, G., Bi, D., and Wang, C. Diet and brain cancer in adults: a case-control study in northeast China. Int.J.Cancer 3-31-1999;81(1):20-23. View abstract.

Jansen, M. C., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Buzina, R., Fidanza, F., Menotti, A., Blackburn, H., Nissinen, A. M., Kok, F. J., and Kromhout, D. Dietary fiber and plant foods in relation to colorectal cancer mortality: the Seven Countries Study. Int.J.Cancer 4-12-1999;81(2):174-179. View abstract.

Morrissey, P. A. and Sheehy, P. J. Optimal nutrition: vitamin E. Proc.Nutr.Soc. 1999;58(2):459-468. View abstract.

Papadimitrakopoulou, V. A., Clayman, G. L., Shin, D. M., Myers, J. N., Gillenwater, A. M., Goepfert, H., El-Naggar, A. K., Lewin, J. S., Lippman, S. M., and Hong, W. K. Biochemoprevention for dysplastic lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract. Arch.Otolaryngol.Head Neck Surg. 1999;125(10):1083-1089. View abstract.

Woodson, K., Tangrea, J. A., Barrett, M. J., Virtamo, J., Taylor, P. R., and Albanes, D. Serum alpha-tocopherol and subsequent risk of lung cancer among male smokers. J Natl Cancer Inst. 10-20-1999;91(20):1738-1743. View abstract.

Vatassery, G. T., Bauer, T., and Dysken, M. High doses of vitamin E in the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system in the aged. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 1999;70(5):793-801. View abstract.

Lehtinen, M., Luostarinen, T., Youngman, L. D., Anttila, T., Dillner, J., Hakulinen, T., Koskela, P., Lenner, P., and Hallmans, G. Low levels of serum vitamins A and E in blood and subsequent risk for cervical cancer: interaction with HPV seropositivity. Nutr.Cancer 1999;34(2):229-234. View abstract.

Swain, R. A. and Kaplan-Machlis, B. Therapeutic uses of vitamin E in prevention of atherosclerosis. Altern.Med.Rev. 1999;4(6):414-423. View abstract.

Ronco, A., De, Stefani E., Boffetta, P., Deneo-Pellegrini, H., Mendilaharsu, M., and Leborgne, F. Vegetables, fruits, and related nutrients and risk of breast cancer: a case-control study in Uruguay. Nutr.Cancer 1999;35(2):111-119. View abstract.

Kolonel, L. N., Henderson, B. E., Hankin, J. H., Nomura, A. M., Wilkens, L. R., Pike, M. C., Stram, D. O., Monroe, K. R., Earle, M. E., and Nagamine, F. S. A multiethnic cohort in Hawaii and Los Angeles: baseline characteristics. Am.J.Epidemiol. 2-15-2000;151(4):346-357. View abstract.

Battisti, C., Formichi, P., Tripodi, S. A., Vindigni, C., Roviello, F., and Federico, A. Vitamin E serum levels and gastric cancer: results from a cohort of patients in Tuscany, Italy. Cancer Lett. 4-3-2000;151(1):15-18. View abstract.

Kleijnen, J. and Mackerras, D. Vitamin E for intermittent claudication. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2000;(2):CD000987. View abstract.

Franceschi, S., Bidoli, E., Negri, E., Zambon, P., Talamini, R., Ruol, A., Parpinel, M., Levi, F., Simonato, L., and La, Vecchia C. Role of macronutrients, vitamins and minerals in the aetiology of squamous-cell carcinoma of the oesophagus. Int.J.Cancer 6-1-2000;86(5):626-631. View abstract.

Cascinu, S., Ligi, M., Del, Ferro E., Foglietti, G., Cioccolini, P., Staccioli, M. P., Carnevali, A., Luigi Rocchi, M. B., Alessandroni, P., Giordani, P., Catalano, V., Polizzi, V., Agostinelli, R., Muretto, P., and Catalano, G. Effects of calcium and vitamin supplementation on colon cell proliferation in colorectal cancer. Cancer Invest 2000;18(5):411-416. View abstract.

Meraji, S., Abuja, P. M., Hayn, M., Kostner, G. M., Morris, R., Oraii, S., Tatzber, F., Wonisch, W., Zechner, R., and Gey, K. F. Relationship between classic risk factors, plasma antioxidants and indicators of oxidant stress in angina pectoris (AP) in Tehran. Atherosclerosis 2000;150(2):403-412. View abstract.

Westheim, A. S., Brox, D., and Selv, O. A. [D-alpha tocopherol in intermittent claudication. A clinical study]. Tidsskr.Nor Laegeforen. 1-10-1975;95(1):13-15. View abstract.

Feki, M., Souissi, M., Mokhtar, E., Hsairi, M., Kaabachi, N., Antebi, H., Alcindor, L. G., Mechmeche, R., and Mebazaa, A. Vitamin E and coronary heart disease in Tunisians. Clin.Chem. 2000;46(9):1401-1405. View abstract.

Hirvonen, T., Virtamo, J., Korhonen, P., Albanes, D., and Pietinen, P. Intake of flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins C and E, and risk of stroke in male smokers. Stroke 2000;31(10):2301-2306. View abstract.

Tabet, N., Birks, J., and Grimley, Evans J. Vitamin E for Alzheimer's disease. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2000;(4):CD002854. View abstract.

de Waart, F. G., Schouten, E. G., Stalenhoef, A. F., and Kok, F. J. Serum carotenoids, alpha-tocopherol and mortality risk in a prospective study among Dutch elderly. Int.J.Epidemiol. 2001;30(1):136-143. View abstract.

Sieja, K. Protective role of selenium against the toxicity of multi-drug chemotherapy in patients with ovarian cancer. Pharmazie 2000;55(12):958-959. View abstract.

Palli, D., Russo, A., and Decarli, A. Dietary patterns, nutrient intake and gastric cancer in a high-risk area of Italy. Cancer Causes Control 2001;12(2):163-172. View abstract.

Blanke, C. D., Stipanov, M., Morrow, J., Rothenberg, M., Chinery, R., Shyr, Y., Coffey, R., Johnson, D. H., Leach, S. D., and Beauchamp, R. D. A phase I study of vitamin E, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin for advanced malignancies. Invest New Drugs 2001;19(1):21-27. View abstract.

Bilgihan, K., Adiguzel, U., Sezer, C., Akyol, G., and Hasanreisoglu, B. Effects of topical vitamin E on keratocyte apoptosis after traditional photorefractive keratectomy. Ophthalmologica 2001;215(3):192-196. View abstract.

Shin, D. M., Khuri, F. R., Murphy, B., Garden, A. S., Clayman, G., Francisco, M., Liu, D., Glisson, B. S., Ginsberg, L., Papadimitrakopoulou, V., Myers, J., Morrison, W., Gillenwater, A., Ang, K. K., Lippman, S. M., Goepfert, H., and Hong, W. K. Combined interferon-alfa, 13-cis-retinoic acid, and alpha-tocopherol in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: novel bioadjuvant phase II trial. J.Clin.Oncol. 6-15-2001;19(12):3010-3017. View abstract.

Birkenstock, W. E., Louw, J. H., Terblanche, J., Immelman, E. J., Dent, D. M., and Baker, P. M. Smoking and other factors affecting the conservative management of peripheral vascular disease. S.Afr.Med.J. 7-5-1975;49(28):1129-1132. View abstract.

Hasegawa, T., Yoneda, M., Nakamura, K., Makino, I., and Terano, A. Plasma transforming growth factor-beta1 level and efficacy of alpha-tocopherol in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot study. Aliment.Pharmacol.Ther. 2001;15(10):1667-1672. View abstract.

Soares, K. V. and McGrath, J. J. Vitamin E for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2001;(4):CD000209. View abstract.

Schatzkin, A., Subar, A. F., Thompson, F. E., Harlan, L. C., Tangrea, J., Hollenbeck, A. R., Hurwitz, P. E., Coyle, L., Schussler, N., Michaud, D. S., Freedman, L. S., Brown, C. C., Midthune, D., and Kipnis, V. Design and serendipity in establishing a large cohort with wide dietary intake distributions : the National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study. Am.J.Epidemiol. 12-15-2001;154(12):1119-1125. View abstract.

Jedrychowski, W., Steindorf, K., Popiela, T., Wahrendorf, J., Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B., Kulig, J., and Penar, A. Risk of colorectal cancer from alcohol consumption at lower vitamin intakes. A hospital-based case-control study in Poland. Rev.Environ.Health 2001;16(3):213-222. View abstract.

Bidoli, E., La, Vecchia C., Talamini, R., Negri, E., Parpinel, M., Conti, E., Montella, M., Carbone, M. A., and Franceschi, S. Micronutrients and ovarian cancer: a case-control study in Italy. Ann.Oncol. 2001;12(11):1589-1593. View abstract.

Ruiz, Rejon F., Martin-Pena, G., Granado, F., Ruiz-Galiana, J., Blanco, I., and Olmedilla, B. Plasma status of retinol, alpha- and gamma-tocopherols, and main carotenoids to first myocardial infarction: case control and follow-up study. Nutrition 2002;18(1):26-31. View abstract.

El-Sohemy, A., Baylin, A., Spiegelman, D., Ascherio, A., and Campos, H. Dietary and adipose tissue gamma-tocopherol and risk of myocardial infarction. Epidemiology 2002;13(2):216-223. View abstract.

Nojiri, S., Daida, H., Mokuno, H., Iwama, Y., Mae, K., Ushio, F., and Ueki, T. Association of serum antioxidant capacity with coronary artery disease in middle-aged men. Jpn.Heart J. 2001;42(6):677-690. View abstract.

Fleischauer, A. T., Olson, S. H., Mignone, L., Simonsen, N., Caputo, T. A., and Harlap, S. Dietary antioxidants, supplements, and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Nutr.Cancer 2001;40(2):92-98. View abstract.

Calle, E. E., Rodriguez, C., Jacobs, E. J., Almon, M. L., Chao, A., McCullough, M. L., Feigelson, H. S., and Thun, M. J. The American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort: rationale, study design, and baseline characteristics. Cancer 5-1-2002;94(9):2490-2501. View abstract.

Muntwyler, J., Hennekens, C. H., Manson, J. E., Buring, J. E., and Gaziano, J. M. Vitamin supplement use in a low-risk population of US male physicians and subsequent cardiovascular mortality. Arch.Intern.Med. 7-8-2002;162(13):1472-1476. View abstract.

Wijnen, M. H., Vader, H. L., Van Den Wall Bake AW, and Roumen, R. M. Can renal dysfunction after infra-renal aortic aneurysm repair be modified by multi-antioxidant supplementation? J.Cardiovasc.Surg.(Torino) 2002;43(4):483-488. View abstract.

Sidani, M. and Campbell, J. Gynecology: select topics. Prim.Care 2002;29(2):297-321, vi. View abstract.

Roberts, E. A. Steatohepatitis in children. Best.Pract.Res.Clin.Gastroenterol. 2002;16(5):749-765. View abstract.

Ryglewicz, D., Rodo, M., Kunicki, P. K., Bednarska-Makaruk, M., Graban, A., Lojkowska, W., and Wehr, H. Plasma antioxidant activity and vascular dementia. J.Neurol.Sci. 11-15-2002;203-204:195-197. View abstract.

Fung, T. T., Spiegelman, D., Egan, K. M., Giovannucci, E., Hunter, D. J., and Willett, W. C. Vitamin and carotenoid intake and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Int.J.Cancer 1-1-2003;103(1):110-115. View abstract.

Boshtam, M., Rafiei, M., Sadeghi, K., and Sarraf-Zadegan, N. Vitamin E can reduce blood pressure in mild hypertensives. Int.J.Vitam.Nutr.Res. 2002;72(5):309-314. View abstract.

Jialal, I. and Devaraj, S. Antioxidants and atherosclerosis: don't throw out the baby with the bath water. Circulation 2-25-2003;107(7):926-928. View abstract.

Prieto Castro, R. M., Leva Vallejo, M. E., Regueiro Lopez, J. C., Anglada Curado, F. J., Alvarez, Kindelan J., and Requena Tapia, M. J. Combined treatment with vitamin E and colchicine in the early stages of Peyronie's disease. BJU.Int. 2003;91(6):522-524. View abstract.

Merat, S., Malekzadeh, R., Sohrabi, M. R., Sotoudeh, M., Rakhshani, N., Sohrabpour, A. A., and Naserimoghadam, S. Probucol in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a double-blind randomized controlled study. J.Hepatol. 2003;38(4):414-418. View abstract.

Kugelmas, M., Hill, D. B., Vivian, B., Marsano, L., and McClain, C. J. Cytokines and NASH: a pilot study of the effects of lifestyle modification and vitamin E. Hepatology 2003;38(2):413-419. View abstract.

Adler, L. A., Rotrosen, J., Edson, R., Lavori, P., Lohr, J., Hitzemann, R., Raisch, D., Caligiuri, M., and Tracy, K. Vitamin E treatment for tardive dyskinesia. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study #394 Study Group. Arch.Gen.Psychiatry 1999;56(9):836-841. View abstract.

Brion, L. P., Bell, E. F., and Raghuveer, T. S. Vitamin E supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2003;(3):CD003665. View abstract.

Chan, J. C., Mahan, J. D., Trachtman, H., Scheinman, J., Flynn, J. T., Alon, U. S., Lande, M. B., Weiss, R. A., and Norkus, E. P. Vitamin E therapy in IgA nephropathy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Pediatr.Nephrol. 2003;18(10):1015-1019. View abstract.

Sung, L., Greenberg, M. L., Koren, G., Tomlinson, G. A., Tong, A., Malkin, D., and Feldman, B. M. Vitamin E: the evidence for multiple roles in cancer. Nutr.Cancer 2003;46(1):1-14. View abstract.

Pamuk, G. E. and Sonsuz, A. N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J.Gastroenterol.Hepatol. 2003;18(10):1220-1221. View abstract.

Roed-Petersen, J. and Hjorth, N. Contact dermatitis from antioxidants. Br.J.Dermatol. 1976;94(3):233-241. View abstract.

HAMILTON, M., WILSON, G. M., ARMITAGE, P., and BOYD, J. T. The treatment of intermittent claudication with vitamin E. Lancet 2-21-1953;1(6756):367-370. View abstract.

Jaakkola, K., Lahteenmaki, P., Laakso, J., Harju, E., Tykka, H., and Mahlberg, K. Treatment with antioxidant and other nutrients in combination with chemotherapy and irradiation in patients with small-cell lung cancer. Anticancer Res. 1992;12(3):599-606. View abstract.

Hunter, D. J., Colditz, G. A., Stampfer, M. J., Rosner, B., Willett, W. C., and Speizer, F. E. Diet and risk of basal cell carcinoma of the skin in a prospective cohort of women. Ann.Epidemiol. 1992;2(3):231-239. View abstract.

Egan, M. F., Hyde, T. M., Albers, G. W., Elkashef, A., Alexander, R. C., Reeve, A., Blum, A., Saenz, R. E., and Wyatt, R. J. Treatment of tardive dyskinesia with vitamin E. Am.J.Psychiatry 1992;149(6):773-777. View abstract.

LIVINGSTONE, P. D. and JONES, C. Treatment of intermittent claudication with vitamin E. Lancet 9-20-1958;2(7047):602-604. View abstract.

WILLIAMS, H. T., CLEIN, L. J., and MACBETH, R. A. Alpha-tocopherol in the treatment of intermittent claudication: a preliminary report. Can.Med.Assoc.J. 9-8-1962;87:538-541. View abstract.

BOYD, A. M. and MARKS, J. Treatment of intermittent claudication. A reappraisal of the value of alpha-tocopherol. Angiology 1963;14:198-208. View abstract.

Brion, L. P., Bell, E. F., and Raghuveer, T. S. Vitamin E supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2003;(4):CD003665. View abstract.

Fletcher, A. E., Breeze, E., and Shetty, P. S. Antioxidant vitamins and mortality in older persons: findings from the nutrition add-on study to the Medical Research Council Trial of Assessment and Management of Older People in the Community. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 2003;78(5):999-1010. View abstract.

Sacco, M., Pellegrini, F., Roncaglioni, M. C., Avanzini, F., Tognoni, G., and Nicolucci, A. Primary prevention of cardiovascular events with low-dose aspirin and vitamin E in type 2 diabetic patients: results of the Primary Prevention Project (PPP) trial. Diabetes Care 2003;26(12):3264-3272. View abstract.

Harrison, S. A., Torgerson, S., Hayashi, P., Ward, J., and Schenker, S. Vitamin E and vitamin C treatment improves fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Am.J.Gastroenterol. 2003;98(11):2485-2490. View abstract.

Vajro, P., Mandato, C., Franzese, A., Ciccimarra, E., Lucariello, S., Savoia, M., Capuano, G., and Migliaro, F. Vitamin E treatment in pediatric obesity-related liver disease: a randomized study. J.Pediatr.Gastroenterol.Nutr. 2004;38(1):48-55. View abstract.

Tosukhowong, P., Sangwatanaroj, S., Jatuporn, S., Prapunwattana, P., Saengsiri, A., Rattanapruks, S., Srimahachota, S., Udayachalerm, W., and Tangkijvanich, P. The correlation between markers of oxidative stress and risk factors of coronary artery disease in Thai patients. Clin.Hemorheol.Microcirc. 2003;29(3-4):321-329. View abstract.

Uygun, A., Kadayifci, A., Isik, A. T., Ozgurtas, T., Deveci, S., Tuzun, A., Yesilova, Z., Gulsen, M., and Dagalp, K. Metformin in the treatment of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Aliment.Pharmacol.Ther. 3-1-2004;19(5):537-544. View abstract.

Lindor, K. D., Kowdley, K. V., Heathcote, E. J., Harrison, M. E., Jorgensen, R., Angulo, P., Lymp, J. F., Burgart, L., and Colin, P. Ursodeoxycholic acid for treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: results of a randomized trial. Hepatology 2004;39(3):770-778. View abstract.

Ferreira, P. R., Fleck, J. F., Diehl, A., Barletta, D., Braga-Filho, A., Barletta, A., and Ilha, L. Protective effect of alpha-tocopherol in head and neck cancer radiation-induced mucositis: a double-blind randomized trial. Head Neck 2004;26(4):313-321. View abstract.

Brion, L. P., Bell, E. F., Raghuveer, T. S., and Soghier, L. What is the appropriate intravenous dose of vitamin E for very-low-birth-weight infants? J.Perinatol. 2004;24(4):205-207. View abstract.

Mann, J. F., Lonn, E. M., Yi, Q., Gerstein, H. C., Hoogwerf, B. J., Pogue, J., Bosch, J., Dagenais, G. R., and Yusuf, S. Effects of vitamin E on cardiovascular outcomes in people with mild-to-moderate renal insufficiency: results of the HOPE study. Kidney Int. 2004;65(4):1375-1380. View abstract.

Fahn, S. A pilot trial of high-dose alpha-tocopherol and ascorbate in early Parkinson's disease. Ann.Neurol. 1992;32 Suppl:S128-S132. View abstract.

Hak, A. E., Ma, J., Powell, C. B., Campos, H., Gaziano, J. M., Willett, W. C., and Stampfer, M. J. Prospective study of plasma carotenoids and tocopherols in relation to risk of ischemic stroke. Stroke 2004;35(7):1584-1588. View abstract.

Tornwall, M. E., Virtamo, J., Korhonen, P. A., Virtanen, M. J., Taylor, P. R., Albanes, D., and Huttunen, J. K. Effect of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplementation on coronary heart disease during the 6-year post-trial follow-up in the ATBC study. Eur.Heart J. 2004;25(13):1171-1178. View abstract.

Shahar, E., Hassoun, G., and Pollack, S. Effect of vitamin E supplementation on the regular treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Ann.Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2004;92(6):654-658. View abstract.

Rigalleau, V., Barbe, M., Garuz, F., Baillet-Blanco, L., Beauvieux, M. C., and Gin, H. Nutritional factors and diabetic foot: a role for vitamin E? Diabet.Med. 2004;21(8):951-952. View abstract.

Longnecker, M. P., Martin-Moreno, J. M., Knekt, P., Nomura, A. M., Schober, S. E., Stahelin, H. B., Wald, N. J., Gey, K. F., and Willett, W. C. Serum alpha-tocopherol concentration in relation to subsequent colorectal cancer: pooled data from five cohorts. J.Natl.Cancer Inst. 3-18-1992;84(6):430-435. View abstract.

RATCLIFFE, A. H. Vitamin E in intermittent claudication. Lancet 12-17-1949;2(6590):1128-1130. View abstract.

Simon-Schnass, I. M. Nutrition at high altitude. J.Nutr. 1992;122(3 Suppl):778-781. View abstract.

Levy, A. P., Gerstein, H. C., Miller-Lotan, R., Ratner, R., McQueen, M., Lonn, E., and Pogue, J. The effect of vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular risk in diabetic individuals with different haptoglobin phenotypes. Diabetes Care 2004;27(11):2767. View abstract.

Jeanes, Y. M., Hall, W. L., Ellard, S., Lee, E., and Lodge, J. K. The absorption of vitamin E is influenced by the amount of fat in a meal and the food matrix. Br.J.Nutr. 2004;92(4):575-579. View abstract.

Rajasekhar, D., Srinivasa Rao, P. V., Latheef, S. A., Saibaba, K. S., and Subramanyam, G. Association of serum antioxidants and risk of coronary heart disease in South Indian population. Indian J.Med.Sci. 2004;58(11):465-471. View abstract.

Sanyal, A. J., Mofrad, P. S., Contos, M. J., Sargeant, C., Luketic, V. A., Sterling, R. K., Stravitz, R. T., Shiffman, M. L., Clore, J., and Mills, A. S. A pilot study of vitamin E versus vitamin E and pioglitazone for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin.Gastroenterol.Hepatol. 2004;2(12):1107-1115. View abstract.

Argyriou, A. A., Chroni, E., Koutras, A., Ellul, J., Papapetropoulos, S., Katsoulas, G., Iconomou, G., and Kalofonos, H. P. Vitamin E for prophylaxis against chemotherapy-induced neuropathy: a randomized controlled trial. Neurology 1-11-2005;64(1):26-31. View abstract.

Meydani, S. N., Han, S. N., and Hamer, D. H. Vitamin E and respiratory infection in the elderly. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 2004;1031:214-222. View abstract.

Wadleigh, R. G., Redman, R. S., Graham, M. L., Krasnow, S. H., Anderson, A., and Cohen, M. H. Vitamin E in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced mucositis. Am.J.Med. 1992;92(5):481-484. View abstract.

Bugianesi, E., Gentilcore, E., Manini, R., Natale, S., Vanni, E., Villanova, N., David, E., Rizzetto, M., and Marchesini, G. A randomized controlled trial of metformin versus vitamin E or prescriptive diet in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Am.J.Gastroenterol. 2005;100(5):1082-1090. View abstract.

Spivak, B., Schwartz, B., Radwan, M., and Weizman, A. alpha-Tocopherol treatment for tardive dyskinesia. J.Nerv.Ment.Dis. 1992;180(6):400-401. View abstract.

Bairati, I., Meyer, F., Gelinas, M., Fortin, A., Nabid, A., Brochet, F., Mercier, J. P., Tetu, B., Harel, F., Abdous, B., Vigneault, E., Vass, S., del, Vecchio P., and Roy, J. Randomized trial of antioxidant vitamins to prevent acute adverse effects of radiation therapy in head and neck cancer patients. J.Clin.Oncol. 8-20-2005;23(24):5805-5813. View abstract.

Marras, C., Lang, A. E., Oakes, D., McDermott, M. P., Kieburtz, K., Shoulson, I., Tanner, C. M., and Fahn, S. High-dosage vitamin E supplementation and all-cause mortality. Ann.Intern.Med. 7-19-2005;143(2):152-153. View abstract.

Baliarsingh, S., Beg, Z. H., and Ahmad, J. The therapeutic impacts of tocotrienols in type 2 diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia. Atherosclerosis 2005;182(2):367-374. View abstract.

Pham, D. Q. and Plakogiannis, R. Vitamin E supplementation in cardiovascular disease and cancer prevention: Part 1. Ann.Pharmacother. 2005;39(11):1870-1878. View abstract.

Buijsse, B., Feskens, E. J., Schlettwein-Gsell, D., Ferry, M., Kok, F. J., Kromhout, D., and de Groot, L. C. Plasma carotene and alpha-tocopherol in relation to 10-y all-cause and cause-specific mortality in European elderly: the Survey in Europe on Nutrition and the Elderly, a Concerted Action (SENECA). Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 2005;82(4):879-886. View abstract.

Ersoz, G., Gunsar, F., Karasu, Z., Akay, S., Batur, Y., and Akarca, U. S. Management of fatty liver disease with vitamin E and C compared to ursodeoxycholic acid treatment. Turk.J.Gastroenterol. 2005;16(3):124-128. View abstract.

Pham, D. Q. and Plakogiannis, R. Vitamin E supplementation in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, tardive dyskinesia, and cataract: Part 2. Ann.Pharmacother. 2005;39(12):2065-2072. View abstract.

Edwards, T. Inflammation, pain, and chronic disease: an integrative approach to treatment and prevention. Altern.Ther.Health Med. 2005;11(6):20-27. View abstract.

Nussenblatt, R. B., Kim, J., Thompson, D. J., Davis, M. D., Chew, E., Ferris, F. L., and Buggage, R. Vitamin E in the treatment of uveitis-associated macular edema. Am.J.Ophthalmol. 2006;141(1):193-194. View abstract.

Mas, E., Dupuy, A. M., Artero, S., Portet, F., Cristol, J. P., Ritchie, K., and Touchon, J. Functional Vitamin E deficiency in ApoE4 patients with Alzheimer's disease. Dement.Geriatr.Cogn Disord. 2006;21(3):198-204. View abstract.

Montano Velazquez, B. B., Jauregui-Renaud, K., Banuelos Arias, Adel C., Ayala, J. C., Martinez, M. D., Campillo, Navarrete R., Rosalia, I. S., Salazar, Mdel R., Serrano, H. A., Mondragon, A. O., and Perez, R. L. Vitamin E effects on nasal symptoms and serum specific IgE levels in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis. Ann.Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006;96(1):45-50. View abstract.

Murakami, Y., Nagai, A., Kawakami, T., Hino, K., Kitase, A., Hara, Y., Okuda, M., Okita, K., and Okita, M. Vitamin E and C supplementation prevents decrease of eicosapentaenoic acid in mononuclear cells in chronic hepatitis C patients during combination therapy of interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin. Nutrition 2006;22(2):114-122. View abstract.

Argyriou, A. A., Chroni, E., Koutras, A., Iconomou, G., Papapetropoulos, S., Polychronopoulos, P., and Kalofonos, H. P. A randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of vitamin E supplementation for protection against cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy: final results. Support.Care Cancer 2006;14(11):1134-1140. View abstract.

Zelber-Sagi, S., Kessler, A., Brazowsky, E., Webb, M., Lurie, Y., Santo, M., Leshno, M., Blendis, L., Halpern, Z., and Oren, R. A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial of orlistat for the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin.Gastroenterol.Hepatol. 2006;4(5):639-644. View abstract.

Wolfrath, S. C., Borenstein, A. R., Schwartz, S., Hauser, R. A., Sullivan, K. L., and Zesiewicz, T. A. Use of nutritional supplements in Parkinson's disease patients. Mov Disord. 2006;21(8):1098-1101. View abstract.

Rimm, E. B., Giovannucci, E. L., Willett, W. C., Colditz, G. A., Ascherio, A., Rosner, B., and Stampfer, M. J. Prospective study of alcohol consumption and risk of coronary disease in men. Lancet 8-24-1991;338(8765):464-468. View abstract.

Read, R. W. Uveitis: advances in understanding of pathogenesis and treatment. Curr.Rheumatol.Rep. 2006;8(4):260-266. View abstract.

Bairati, I., Meyer, F., Jobin, E., Gelinas, M., Fortin, A., Nabid, A., Brochet, F., and Tetu, B. Antioxidant vitamins supplementation and mortality: a randomized trial in head and neck cancer patients. Int.J.Cancer 11-1-2006;119(9):2221-2224. View abstract.

Magliano, D., McNeil, J., Branley, P., Shiel, L., Demos, L., Wolfe, R., Kotsopoulos, D., and McGrath, B. The Melbourne Atherosclerosis Vitamin E Trial (MAVET): a study of high dose vitamin E in smokers. Eur.J.Cardiovasc.Prev.Rehabil. 2006;13(3):341-347. View abstract.

Chande, N., Laidlaw, M., Adams, P., and Marotta, P. Yo Jyo Hen Shi Ko (YHK) improves transaminases in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a randomized pilot study. Dig Dis Sci 2006;51(7):1183-1189. View abstract.

Robinson, I., de Serna, D. G., Gutierrez, A., and Schade, D. S. Vitamin E in humans: an explanation of clinical trial failure. Endocr.Pract. 2006;12(5):576-582. View abstract.

Siekmeier, R., Steffen, C., and Marz, W. [Can antioxidants prevent atherosclerosis?]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt.Gesundheitsforschung.Gesundheitsschutz. 2006;49(10):1034-1049. View abstract.

Wright, M. E., Lawson, K. A., Weinstein, S. J., Pietinen, P., Taylor, P. R., Virtamo, J., and Albanes, D. Higher baseline serum concentrations of vitamin E are associated with lower total and cause-specific mortality in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 2006;84(5):1200-1207. View abstract.

Wolvers, D. A., van Herpen-Broekmans, W. M., Logman, M. H., van der Wielen, R. P., and Albers, R. Effect of a mixture of micronutrients, but not of bovine colostrum concentrate, on immune function parameters in healthy volunteers: a randomized placebo-controlled study. Nutr.J. 2006;5:28. View abstract.

Woollard, K. J., Rayment, S. J., Bevan, R., Shaw, J. A., Lunec, J., and Griffiths, H. R. Alpha-tocopherol supplementation does not affect monocyte endothelial adhesion or C-reactive protein levels but reduces soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 in the plasma of healthy subjects. Redox.Rep. 2006;11(5):214-222. View abstract.

Belfort, R., Harrison, S. A., Brown, K., Darland, C., Finch, J., Hardies, J., Balas, B., Gastaldelli, A., Tio, F., Pulcini, J., Berria, R., Ma, J. Z., Dwivedi, S., Havranek, R., Fincke, C., DeFronzo, R., Bannayan, G. A., Schenker, S., and Cusi, K. A placebo-controlled trial of pioglitazone in subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. N.Engl.J.Med. 11-30-2006;355(22):2297-2307. View abstract.

Clifford, A. J., de Moura, F. F., Ho, C. C., Chuang, J. C., Follett, J., Fadel, J. G., and Novotny, J. A. A feasibility study quantifying in vivo human alpha-tocopherol metabolism. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 2006;84(6):1430-1441. View abstract.

Kang, J. H., Cook, N., Manson, J., Buring, J. E., and Grodstein, F. A randomized trial of vitamin E supplementation and cognitive function in women. Arch.Intern.Med. 12-11-2006;166(22):2462-2468. View abstract.

Dufour, J. F., Oneta, C. M., Gonvers, J. J., Bihl, F., Cerny, A., Cereda, J. M., Zala, J. F., Helbling, B., Steuerwald, M., and Zimmermann, A. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of ursodeoxycholic acid with vitamin e in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Clin.Gastroenterol.Hepatol. 2006;4(12):1537-1543. View abstract.

Nobili, V., Manco, M., Devito, R., Ciampalini, P., Piemonte, F., and Marcellini, M. Effect of vitamin E on aminotransferase levels and insulin resistance in children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Aliment.Pharmacol.Ther. 2006;24(11-12):1553-1561. View abstract.

Ito, Y., Suzuki, K., Ishii, J., Hishida, H., Tamakoshi, A., Hamajima, N., and Aoki, K. A population-based follow-up study on mortality from cancer or cardiovascular disease and serum carotenoids, retinol and tocopherols in Japanese inhabitants. Asian Pac.J.Cancer Prev. 2006;7(4):533-546. View abstract.

Catalano, M., Born, G., and Peto, R. Prevention of serious vascular events by aspirin amongst patients with peripheral arterial disease: randomized, double-blind trial. J.Intern.Med. 2007;261(3):276-284. View abstract.

Ricciarelli, R., Argellati, F., Pronzato, M. A., and Domenicotti, C. Vitamin E and neurodegenerative diseases. Mol.Aspects Med. 2007;28(5-6):591-606. View abstract.

Christen, W. G., Manson, J. E., Glynn, R. J., Gaziano, J. M., Chew, E. Y., Buring, J. E., and Hennekens, C. H. Beta carotene supplementation and age-related maculopathy in a randomized trial of US physicians. Arch.Ophthalmol. 2007;125(3):333-339. View abstract.

Sung, L., Tomlinson, G. A., Greenberg, M. L., Koren, G., Judd, P., Ota, S., and Feldman, B. M. Serial controlled N-of-1 trials of topical vitamin E as prophylaxis for chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in paediatric patients. Eur.J.Cancer 2007;43(8):1269-1275. View abstract.

Hance, K. W., Rogers, C. J., Hursting, S. D., and Greiner, J. W. Combination of physical activity, nutrition, or other metabolic factors and vaccine response. Front Biosci. 2007;12:4997-5029. View abstract.

Misirlioglu, C. H., Demirkasimoglu, T., Kucukplakci, B., Sanri, E., and Altundag, K. Pentoxifylline and alpha-tocopherol in prevention of radiation-induced lung toxicity in patients with lung cancer. Med.Oncol. 2007;24(3):308-311. View abstract.

Vignini, A., Nanetti, L., Moroni, C., Testa, R., Sirolla, C., Marra, M., Manfrini, S., Fumelli, D., Marcheselli, F., Mazzanti, L., and Rabini, R. A. A study on the action of vitamin E supplementation on plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and platelet nitric oxide production in type 2 diabetic patients. Nutr.Metab Cardiovasc.Dis. 2008;18(1):15-22. View abstract.

Wagner, J. G., Jiang, Q., Harkema, J. R., Ames, B. N., Illek, B., Roubey, R. A., and Peden, D. B. Gamma-tocopherol prevents airway eosinophilia and mucous cell hyperplasia in experimentally induced allergic rhinitis and asthma. Clin.Exp.Allergy 2008;38(3):501-511. View abstract.

Devaraj, S., Tang, R., Adams-Huet, B., Harris, A., Seenivasan, T., de Lemos, J. A., and Jialal, I. Effect of high-dose alpha-tocopherol supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with coronary artery disease. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 2007;86(5):1392-1398. View abstract.

Milman, U., Blum, S., Shapira, C., Aronson, D., Miller-Lotan, R., Anbinder, Y., Alshiek, J., Bennett, L., Kostenko, M., Landau, M., Keidar, S., Levy, Y., Khemlin, A., Radan, A., and Levy, A. P. Vitamin E supplementation reduces cardiovascular events in a subgroup of middle-aged individuals with both type 2 diabetes mellitus and the haptoglobin 2-2 genotype: a prospective double-blinded clinical trial. Arterioscler.Thromb.Vasc.Biol. 2008;28(2):341-347. View abstract.

Kunitomo, M. [Oxidative stress and atherosclerosis]. Yakugaku Zasshi 2007;127(12):1997-2014. View abstract.

Alkhenizan, A. and Hafez, K. The role of vitamin E in the prevention of cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann.Saudi.Med. 2007;27(6):409-414. View abstract.

BODY, A. M., RATCLIFFE, A. H., and . Intermittent claudication; a clinical study. J.Bone Joint Surg.Br. 1949;31B(3):325-355. View abstract.

Christen, W. G., Liu, S., Glynn, R. J., Gaziano, J. M., and Buring, J. E. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins C and E, and risk of cataract in women: a prospective study. Arch.Ophthalmol. 2008;126(1):102-109. View abstract.

Jilani, T., Moiz, B., and Iqbal, M. P. Vitamin E supplementation enhances hemoglobin and erythropoietin levels in mildly anemic adults. Acta Haematol. 2008;119(1):45-47. View abstract.

Wang, C. L., Liang, L., Fu, J. F., Zou, C. C., Hong, F., Xue, J. Z., Lu, J. R., and Wu, X. M. Effect of lifestyle intervention on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese obese children. World J.Gastroenterol. 3-14-2008;14(10):1598-1602. View abstract.

Green, D., Chambers, M. E., and Sugden, D. A. Does subtype of developmental coordination disorder count: is there a differential effect on outcome following intervention? Hum.Mov Sci. 2008;27(2):363-382. View abstract.

Hamdy, N. M., Suwailem, S. M., and El-Mesallamy, H. O. Influence of vitamin E supplementation on endothelial complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft. J.Diabetes Complications 2009;23(3):167-173. View abstract.

Antoniadi, G., Eleftheriadis, T., Liakopoulos, V., Kakasi, E., Kartsios, C., Passadakis, P., and Vargemezis, V. Effect of one-year oral alpha-tocopherol administration on the antioxidant defense system in hemodialysis patients. Ther.Apher.Dial. 2008;12(3):237-242. View abstract.

Nobili, V., Manco, M., Devito, R., Di, Ciommo, V, Comparcola, D., Sartorelli, M. R., Piemonte, F., Marcellini, M., and Angulo, P. Lifestyle intervention and antioxidant therapy in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized, controlled trial. Hepatology 2008;48(1):119-128. View abstract.

Isaac, M. G., Quinn, R., and Tabet, N. Vitamin E for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2008;(3):CD002854. View abstract.

Clarke, M. W., Burnett, J. R., and Croft, K. D. Vitamin E in human health and disease. Crit Rev.Clin.Lab Sci. 2008;45(5):417-450. View abstract.

Absorption of intramuscular vitamin E in premature babies. Italian Collaborative Group on Preterm Delivery. Dev.Pharmacol.Ther. 1991;16(1):13-21. View abstract.

Sultana, N., Begum, N., Akhter, S., Begum, S., Quraishi, S. B., Ferdousi, S., and Ali, T. Role of vitamin E supplementation on serum levels of copper and zinc in hemolytic anemic patients with G6PD deficiency. Mymensingh.Med.J. 2008;17(2 Suppl):S84-S90. View abstract.

Karlson, E. W., Shadick, N. A., Cook, N. R., Buring, J. E., and Lee, I. M. Vitamin E in the primary prevention of rheumatoid arthritis: the Women's Health Study. Arthritis Rheum. 11-15-2008;59(11):1589-1595. View abstract.

Kamat, C. D., Gadal, S., Mhatre, M., Williamson, K. S., Pye, Q. N., and Hensley, K. Antioxidants in central nervous system diseases: preclinical promise and translational challenges. J.Alzheimers.Dis. 2008;15(3):473-493. View abstract.

Vats, P., Singh, V. K., Singh, S. N., and Singh, S. B. Glutathione metabolism under high-altitude stress and effect of antioxidant supplementation. Aviat.Space Environ.Med. 2008;79(12):1106-1111. View abstract.

Okamoto, K., Kihira, T., Kobashi, G., Washio, M., Sasaki, S., Yokoyama, T., Miyake, Y., Sakamoto, N., Inaba, Y., and Nagai, M. Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Japan. Neuroepidemiology 2009;32(4):251-256. View abstract.

Berry, D., Wathen, J. K., and Newell, M. Bayesian model averaging in meta-analysis: vitamin E supplementation and mortality. Clin.Trials 2009;6(1):28-41. View abstract.

Arnon, S., Regev, R. H., Bauer, S., Shainkin-Kestenbaum, R., Shiff, Y., Bental, Y., Dolfin, T., and Litmanovitz, I. Vitamin E levels during early iron supplementation in preterm infants. Am.J.Perinatol. 2009;26(5):387-392. View abstract.

Wagner, J. G., Harkema, J. R., Jiang, Q., Illek, B., Ames, B. N., and Peden, D. B. Gamma-tocopherol attenuates ozone-induced exacerbation of allergic rhinosinusitis in rats. Toxicol.Pathol. 2009;37(4):481-491. View abstract.

Biglia, N., Sgandurra, P., Peano, E., Marenco, D., Moggio, G., Bounous, V., Tomasi, Cont N., Ponzone, R., and Sismondi, P. Non-hormonal treatment of hot flushes in breast cancer survivors: gabapentin vs. vitamin E. Climacteric. 2009;12(4):310-318. View abstract.

Saremi, A. and Arora, R. Vitamin E and cardiovascular disease. Am.J.Ther. 2010;17(3):e56-e65. View abstract.

Lloret, A., Badia, M. C., Mora, N. J., Pallardo, F. V., Alonso, M. D., and Vina, J. Vitamin E paradox in Alzheimer's disease: it does not prevent loss of cognition and may even be detrimental. J.Alzheimers.Dis. 2009;17(1):143-149. View abstract.

Elkashef, A. M., Ruskin, P. E., Bacher, N., and Barrett, D. Vitamin E in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia. Am.J.Psychiatry 1990;147(4):505-506. View abstract.

Westergren, T. and Kalikstad, B. Dosage and formulation issues: oral vitamin E therapy in children. Eur.J.Clin.Pharmacol. 2010;66(2):109-118. View abstract.

Haflah, N. H., Jaarin, K., Abdullah, S., and Omar, M. Palm vitamin E and glucosamine sulphate in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Saudi.Med J 2009;30(11):1432-1438. View abstract.

Capuron, L., Moranis, A., Combe, N., Cousson-Gelie, F., Fuchs, D., De Smedt-Peyrusse, V., Barberger-Gateau, P., and Laye, S. Vitamin E status and quality of life in the elderly: influence of inflammatory processes. Br.J.Nutr. 2009;102(10):1390-1394. View abstract.

Moyad, M. A. Conventional and alternative medical advice for cold and flu prevention: what should be recommended and what should be avoided? Urol.Nurs. 2009;29(6):455-458. View abstract.

Christen, W. G., Glynn, R. J., Chew, E. Y., and Buring, J. E. Vitamin E and age-related macular degeneration in a randomized trial of women. Ophthalmology 2010;117(6):1163-1168. View abstract.

Blum, S., Vardi, M., Levy, N. S., Miller-Lotan, R., and Levy, A. P. The effect of vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular risk in diabetic individuals with different haptoglobin phenotypes. Atherosclerosis 2010;211(1):25-27. View abstract.

Cordero, Z., Drogan, D., Weikert, C., and Boeing, H. Vitamin E and risk of cardiovascular diseases: a review of epidemiologic and clinical trial studies. Crit Rev.Food Sci.Nutr. 2010;50(5):420-440. View abstract.

Buiatti, E., Palli, D., Bianchi, S., Decarli, A., Amadori, D., Avellini, C., Cipriani, F., Cocco, P., Giacosa, A., Lorenzini, L., and . A case-control study of gastric cancer and diet in Italy. III. Risk patterns by histologic type. Int.J.Cancer 5-30-1991;48(3):369-374. View abstract.

Blum, S., Vardi, M., Brown, J. B., Russell, A., Milman, U., Shapira, C., Levy, N. S., Miller-Lotan, R., Asleh, R., and Levy, A. P. Vitamin E reduces cardiovascular disease in individuals with diabetes mellitus and the haptoglobin 2-2 genotype. Pharmacogenomics. 2010;11(5):675-684. View abstract.

Okuda, M., Bando, N., Terao, J., Sasaki, S., Sugiyama, S., Kunitsugu, I., and Hobara, T. Association of serum carotenoids and tocopherols with atopic diseases in Japanese children and adolescents. Pediatr.Allergy Immunol. 2010;21(4 Pt 2):e705-e710. View abstract.

Neupane, B., Walter, S. D., Krueger, P., Marrie, T., and Loeb, M. Predictors of inhospital mortality and re-hospitalization in older adults with community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective cohort study. BMC.Geriatr. 2010;10:22. View abstract.

Di, Donato, I, Bianchi, S., and Federico, A. Ataxia with vitamin E deficiency: update of molecular diagnosis. Neurol.Sci. 2010;31(4):511-515. View abstract.

Cortes-Gonzalez, J. R. and Glina, S. [Conservative treatment of Peyronie's disease: colchicine vs. colchicine plus vitamin E]. Actas Urol.Esp. 2010;34(5):444-449. View abstract.

Miyake, Y., Fukushima, W., Tanaka, K., Sasaki, S., Kiyohara, C., Tsuboi, Y., Yamada, T., Oeda, T., Miki, T., Kawamura, N., Sakae, N., Fukuyama, H., Hirota, Y., and Nagai, M. Dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins and risk of Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in Japan. Eur.J.Neurol. 2011;18(1):106-113. View abstract.

Li, S. C., Liu, Y. H., Liu, J. F., Chang, W. H., Chen, C. M., and Chen, C. Y. Almond consumption improved glycemic control and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2011;60(4):474-479. View abstract.

Bakkeheim, E., Mowinckel, P., Carlsen, K. H., Burney, P., and Carlsen, K. C. Altered oxidative state in schoolchildren with asthma and allergic rhinitis. Pediatr.Allergy Immunol. 2011;22(2):178-185. View abstract.

Diafouka, F. and Gbassi, G. K. Deficiency of alpha-tocopherol in seminal fluid as a probable factor in low fertility in Cote d'Ivoire. Afr.J.Reprod.Health 2009;13(3):123-125. View abstract.

Manny, T., Pettus, J., Hemal, A., Marks, M., and Mirzazadeh, M. Penile sclerosing lipogranulomas and disfigurement from use of "1Super Extenze" among Laotian immigrants. J.Sex Med. 2011;8(12):3505-3510. View abstract.

Geldmacher, D. S., Fritsch, T., McClendon, M. J., and Landreth, G. A randomized pilot clinical trial of the safety of pioglitazone in treatment of patients with Alzheimer disease. Arch.Neurol. 2011;68(1):45-50. View abstract.

Gridley, G., McLaughlin, J. K., Block, G., Blot, W. J., Winn, D. M., Greenberg, R. S., Schoenberg, J. B., Preston-Martin, S., Austin, D. F., and Fraumeni, J. F., Jr. Diet and oral and pharyngeal cancer among blacks. Nutr.Cancer 1990;14(3-4):219-225. View abstract.

Traber, M. G., Leonard, S. W., Traber, D. L., Traber, L. D., Gallagher, J., Bobe, G., Jeschke, M. G., Finnerty, C. C., and Herndon, D. alpha-Tocopherol adipose tissue stores are depleted after burn injury in pediatric patients. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 2010;92(6):1378-1384. View abstract.

Greenough, A., Shaheen, S. O., Shennan, A., Seed, P. T., and Poston, L. Respiratory outcomes in early childhood following antenatal vitamin C and E supplementation. Thorax 2010;65(11):998-1003. View abstract.

Song, Y., Xu, Q., Park, Y., Hollenbeck, A., Schatzkin, A., and Chen, H. Multivitamins, individual vitamin and mineral supplements, and risk of diabetes among older U.S. adults. Diabetes Care 2011;34(1):108-114. View abstract.

Christen, W. G., Glynn, R. J., Sesso, H. D., Kurth, T., MacFadyen, J., Bubes, V., Buring, J. E., Manson, J. E., and Gaziano, J. M. Age-related cataract in a randomized trial of vitamins E and C in men. Arch.Ophthalmol. 2010;128(11):1397-1405. View abstract.

O'Brien, J. T. and Burns, A. Clinical practice with anti-dementia drugs: a revised (second) consensus statement from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. J Psychopharmacol. 2011;25(8):997-1019. View abstract.

Trefan, L., Bunger, L., Bloom-Hansen, J., Rooke, J. A., Salmi, B., Larzul, C., Terlouw, C., and Doeschl-Wilson, A. Meta-analysis of the effects of dietary vitamin E supplementation on alpha-tocopherol concentration and lipid oxidation in pork. Meat.Sci. 2011;87(4):305-314. View abstract.

Suksomboon, N., Poolsup, N., and Sinprasert, S. Effects of vitamin E supplementation on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. J.Clin.Pharm.Ther. 2011;36(1):53-63. View abstract.

Wang, Q., Sun, Y., Ma, A., Li, Y., Han, X., and Liang, H. Effects of vitamin E on plasma lipid status and oxidative stress in Chinese women with metabolic syndrome. Int.J.Vitam.Nutr.Res. 2010;80(3):178-187. View abstract.

Abner, E. L., Schmitt, F. A., Mendiondo, M. S., Marcum, J. L., and Kryscio, R. J. Vitamin E and All-cause Mortality: A Meta-Analysis. Curr.Aging Sci. 1-14-2011. View abstract.

Bin, Q., Hu, X., Cao, Y., and Gao, F. The role of vitamin E (tocopherol) supplementation in the prevention of stroke. A meta-analysis of 13 randomised controlled trials. Thromb.Haemost. 2011;105(4):579-585. View abstract.

Soares-Weiser, K., Maayan, N., and McGrath, J. Vitamin E for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2011;(2):CD000209. View abstract.

Albers, J. W., Chaudhry, V., Cavaletti, G., and Donehower, R. C. Interventions for preventing neuropathy caused by cisplatin and related compounds. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2011;(2):CD005228. View abstract.

Wang, H., O'Reilly, E. J., Weisskopf, M. G., Logroscino, G., McCullough, M. L., Schatzkin, A., Kolonel, L. N., and Ascherio, A. Vitamin E intake and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a pooled analysis of data from 5 prospective cohort studies. Am.J.Epidemiol. 3-15-2011;173(6):595-602. View abstract.

Gray, B., Swick, J., and Ronnenberg, A. G. Vitamin E and adiponectin: proposed mechanism for vitamin E-induced improvement in insulin sensitivity. Nutr.Rev. 2011;69(3):155-161. View abstract.

Lichtenberg, D. [Who is likely to gain from high dose supplementation of vitamin E?]. Harefuah 2011;150(1):37-40, 68. View abstract.

Jilani, T. and Iqbal, M. P. Does vitamin E have a role in treatment and prevention of anemia? Pak.J.Pharm.Sci. 2011;24(2):237-242. View abstract.

Lavine, J. E., Schwimmer, J. B., Van Natta, M. L., Molleston, J. P., Murray, K. F., Rosenthal, P., Abrams, S. H., Scheimann, A. O., Sanyal, A. J., Chalasani, N., Tonascia, J., Unalp, A., Clark, J. M., Brunt, E. M., Kleiner, D. E., Hoofnagle, J. H., and Robuck, P. R. Effect of vitamin E or metformin for treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents: the TONIC randomized controlled trial. JAMA 4-27-2011;305(16):1659-1668. View abstract.

Winslow, B. T., Onysko, M. K., Stob, C. M., and Hazlewood, K. A. Treatment of Alzheimer disease. Am.Fam.Physician 6-15-2011;83(12):1403-1412. View abstract.

Chin, S. F., Ibahim, J., Makpol, S., Abdul Hamid, N. A., Abdul, Latiff A., Zakaria, Z., Mazlan, M., Mohd Yusof, Y. A., Abdul, Karim A., and Wan Ngah, W. Z. Tocotrienol Rich Fraction Supplementation Improved Lipid Profile and Oxidative Status in Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Study. Nutr.Metab (Lond) 6-24-2011;8(1):42. View abstract.

Shyangdan, D., Clar, C., Ghouri, N., Henderson, R., Gurung, T., Preiss, D., Sattar, N., Fraser, A., and Waugh, N. Insulin sensitisers in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review. Health Technol.Assess. 2011;15(38):1-110. View abstract.

Nakayama, A., Alladin, K. P., Igbokwe, O., and White, J. D. Systematic review: generating evidence-based guidelines on the concurrent use of dietary antioxidants and chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Cancer Invest 2011;29(10):655-667. View abstract.

Musso, G., Cassader, M., Rosina, F., and Gambino, R. Impact of current treatments on liver disease, glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. Diabetologia 2012;55(4):885-904. View abstract.

Jensen, M., Lindholm, A., and Hakkarainen, J. The vitamin E distribution in serum, liver, adipose and muscle tissues in the pig during depletion and repletion. Acta Vet.Scand. 1990;31(2):129-136. View abstract.

Chalasani, N., Younossi, Z., Lavine, J. E., Diehl, A. M., Brunt, E. M., Cusi, K., Charlton, M., and Sanyal, A. J. The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association. Am.J.Gastroenterol. 2012;107(6):811-826. View abstract.

Hatzimouratidis, K., Eardley, I., Giuliano, F., Hatzichristou, D., Moncada, I., Salonia, A., Vardi, Y., and Wespes, E. EAU guidelines on penile curvature. Eur.Urol. 2012;62(3):543-552. View abstract.

Mahady, S. E., Wong, G., Craig, J. C., and George, J. Pioglitazone and vitamin E for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a cost utility analysis. Hepatology 2012;56(6):2172-2179. View abstract.

Vardi, M., Blum, S., and Levy, A. P. Haptoglobin genotype and cardiovascular outcomes in diabetes mellitus - natural history of the disease and the effect of vitamin E treatment. Meta-analysis of the medical literature. Eur.J.Intern.Med. 2012;23(7):628-632. View abstract.

Wong, R. S. and Radhakrishnan, A. K. Tocotrienol research: past into present. Nutr.Rev. 2012;70(9):483-490. View abstract.

Vajro, P., Lenta, S., Pignata, C., Salerno, M., D'Aniello, R., De, Micco, I, Paolella, G., and Parenti, G. Therapeutic options in pediatric non alcoholic fatty liver disease: current status and future directions. Ital.J.Pediatr. 2012;38:55. View abstract.

Jun, M., Venkataraman, V., Razavian, M., Cooper, B., Zoungas, S., Ninomiya, T., Webster, A. C., and Perkovic, V. Antioxidants for chronic kidney disease. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;10:CD008176. View abstract.

Smits-Engelsman, B. C., Blank, R., van der Kaay, A. C., Mosterd-van der Meijs, R., Vlugt-van den Brand, E., Polatajko, H. J., and Wilson, P. H. Efficacy of interventions to improve motor performance in children with developmental coordination disorder: a combined systematic review and meta-analysis. Dev.Med.Child Neurol. 2013;55(3):229-237. View abstract.

Farina, N., Isaac, M. G., Clark, A. R., Rusted, J., and Tabet, N. Vitamin E for Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. 2012;11:CD002854. View abstract.

Stryker, W. S., Stampfer, M. J., Stein, E. A., Kaplan, L., Louis, T. A., Sober, A., and Willett, W. C. Diet, plasma levels of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol, and risk of malignant melanoma. Am.J.Epidemiol. 1990;131(4):597-611. View abstract.

Effect of deprenyl on the progression of disability in early Parkinson's disease. The Parkinson Study Group. N.Engl.J.Med. 11-16-1989;321(20):1364-1371. View abstract.

Gey, K. F. and Puska, P. Plasma vitamins E and A inversely correlated to mortality from ischemic heart disease in cross-cultural epidemiology. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 1989;570:268-282. View abstract.

Johnson, L., Quinn, G. E., Abbasi, S., Otis, C., Goldstein, D., Sacks, L., Porat, R., Fong, E., Delivoria-Papadopoulos, M., Peckham, G., and . Effect of sustained pharmacologic vitamin E levels on incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity: a controlled clinical trial. J.Pediatr. 1989;114(5):827-838. View abstract.

Bell, E. F. Upper limit of vitamin E in infant formulas. J.Nutr. 1989;119(12 Suppl):1829-1831. View abstract.

Rudolph, N., Schiller, M. S., and Wong, S. L. Vitamin E and selenium in preterm infants: lack of effect on clinical patency of ductus arteriosus. Int.J.Vitam.Nutr.Res. 1989;59(2):140-146. View abstract.

Sinha, S., Davies, J., Toner, N., Bogle, S., and Chiswick, M. Vitamin E supplementation reduces frequency of periventricular haemorrhage in very preterm babies. Lancet 2-28-1987;1(8531):466-471. View abstract.

Lohr, J. B., Cadet, J. L., Lohr, M. A., Jeste, D. V., and Wyatt, R. J. Alpha-tocopherol in tardive dyskinesia. Lancet 4-18-1987;1(8538):913-914. View abstract.

Ronnholm, K. A., Dostalova, L., and Siimes, M. A. Vitamin E supplementation in very-low-birth-weight infants: long-term follow-up at two different levels of vitamin E supplementation. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 1989;49(1):121-126. View abstract.

Sundstrom, H., Korpela, H., Sajanti, E., and Kauppila, A. Supplementation with selenium, vitamin E and their combination in gynaecological cancer during cytotoxic chemotherapy. Carcinogenesis 1989;10(2):273-278. View abstract.

Knekt, P., Aromaa, A., Maatela, J., Alfthan, G., Aaran, R. K., Teppo, L., and Hakama, M. Serum vitamin E, serum selenium and the risk of gastrointestinal cancer. Int.J.Cancer 12-15-1988;42(6):846-850. View abstract.

Gross, S. J., Landaw, S. A., and Oski, F. A. Vitamin E and neonatal hemolysis. Pediatrics 1977;59 Suppl(6 Pt 2):995-997. View abstract.

Knekt, P., Aromaa, A., Maatela, J., Aaran, R. K., Nikkari, T., Hakama, M., Hakulinen, T., Peto, R., Saxen, E., and Teppo, L. Serum vitamin E and risk of cancer among Finnish men during a 10-year follow-up. Am.J.Epidemiol. 1988;127(1):28-41. View abstract.

Fischer, A. F., Inguillo, D., Martin, D. M., Ochikubo, C. G., Vreman, H. J., and Stevenson, D. K. Carboxyhemoglobin concentration as an index of bilirubin production in neonates with birth weights less than 1,500 grams: a randomized double-blind comparison of supplemental oral vitamin E and placebo. J.Pediatr.Gastroenterol.Nutr. 1987;6(5):748-751. View abstract.

Russell, M. J., Thomas, B. S., and Bulbrook, R. D. A prospective study of the relationship between serum vitamins A and E and risk of breast cancer. Br.J.Cancer 1988;57(2):213-215. View abstract.

Knekt, P. Serum vitamin E level and risk of female cancers. Int.J.Epidemiol. 1988;17(2):281-286. View abstract.

Martin-Jimenez, M., Diaz-Rubio, E., Gonzalez Larriba, J. L., and Sangro, B. Failure of high-dose tocopherol to prevent alopecia induced by doxorubicin. N.Engl.J.Med. 10-2-1986;315(14):894-895. View abstract.

Phelps, D. L., Rosenbaum, A. L., Isenberg, S. J., Leake, R. D., and Dorey, F. J. Tocopherol efficacy and safety for preventing retinopathy of prematurity: a randomized, controlled, double-masked trial. Pediatrics 1987;79(4):489-500. View abstract.

Wald, N. J., Thompson, S. G., Densem, J. W., Boreham, J., and Bailey, A. Serum vitamin E and subsequent risk of cancer. Br.J.Cancer 1987;56(1):69-72. View abstract.

Schober, S. E., Comstock, G. W., Helsing, K. J., Salkeld, R. M., Morris, J. S., Rider, A. A., and Brookmeyer, R. Serologic precursors of cancer. I. Prediagnostic serum nutrients and colon cancer risk. Am.J.Epidemiol. 1987;126(6):1033-1041. View abstract.

Perez, J. E., Macchiavelli, M., Leone, B. A., Romero, A., Rabinovich, M. G., Goldar, D., and Vallejo, C. High-dose alpha-tocopherol as a preventive of doxorubicin-induced alopecia. Cancer Treat.Rep. 1986;70(10):1213-1214. View abstract.

Menkes, M. S., Comstock, G. W., Vuilleumier, J. P., Helsing, K. J., Rider, A. A., and Brookmeyer, R. Serum beta-carotene, vitamins A and E, selenium, and the risk of lung cancer. N.Engl.J.Med. 11-13-1986;315(20):1250-1254. View abstract.

McGinness, J. E., Grossie, B., Jr., Proctor, P. H., Benjamin, R. S., Gulati, O. P., and Hokanson, J. A. Effect of dose schedule of vitamin E and hydroxethylruticide on intestinal toxicity induced by adriamycin. Physiol Chem.Phys.Med.NMR 1986;18(1):17-24. View abstract.

Havens, C. Premenstrual syndrome. Tactics for intervention. Postgrad.Med. 5-15-1985;77(7):32-37. View abstract.

Smith, D. W., Cohen, R. S., Vreman, H. J., Yeh, A., Sharron, S., and Stevenson, D. K. Bilirubin production after supplemental oral vitamin E therapy in preterm infants. J.Pediatr.Gastroenterol.Nutr. 1985;4(1):38-44. View abstract.

Nomura, A. M., Stemmermann, G. N., Heilbrun, L. K., Salkeld, R. M., and Vuilleumier, J. P. Serum vitamin levels and the risk of cancer of specific sites in men of Japanese ancestry in Hawaii. Cancer Res. 1985;45(5):2369-2372. View abstract.

Haeger, K. Long-time treatment of intermittent claudication with vitamin E. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 1974;27(10):1179-1181. View abstract.

Anderson, T. W. and Reid, D. B. A double-blind trial of vitamin E in angina pectoris. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 1974;27(10):1174-1178. View abstract.

Gross, S. J. Vitamin E and neonatal bilirubinemia. Pediatrics 1979;64(3):321-323. View abstract.

Melhorn, D. K. and Gross, S. Vitamin E-dependent anemia in the premature infant. II. Relationships between gestational age and absorption of vitamin E. J.Pediatr. 1971;79(4):581-588. View abstract.

Graeber, J. E., Williams, M. L., and Oski, F. A. The use of intramuscular vitamin E in the premature infant. Optimum dose and iron interaction. J.Pediatr. 1977;90(2):282-284. View abstract.

WILLIAMS, H. T., Fenna, D., and MACBETH, R. A. Alpha tocopherol in the treatment of intermittent claudication. Surg.Gynecol.Obstet. 1971;132(4):662-666. View abstract.

Finer, N. N., Schindler, R. F., Grant, G., Hill, G. B., and Peters, K. Effect of intramuscular vitamin E on frequency and severity of retrolental fibroplasia. A controlled trial. Lancet 5-15-1982;1(8281):1087-1091. View abstract.

Saperstein, H., Rapaport, M., and Rietschel, R. L. Topical vitamin E as a cause of erythema multiforme-like eruption. Arch.Dermatol. 1984;120(7):906-908. View abstract.

London, R. S., Sundaram, G., Manimekalai, S., Murphy, L., Reynolds, M., and Goldstein, P. The effect of alpha-tocopherol on premenstrual symptomatology: a double-blind study. II. Endocrine correlates. J.Am.Coll.Nutr. 1984;3(4):351-356. View abstract.

Chiswick, M. L., Johnson, M., Woodhall, C., Gowland, M., Davies, J., Toner, N., and Sims, D. G. Protective effect of vitamin E (DL-alpha-tocopherol) against intraventricular haemorrhage in premature babies. Br.Med.J.(Clin.Res.Ed) 7-9-1983;287(6385):81-84. View abstract.

Whittaker, J. A. and Al-Ismail, S. A. Effect of digoxin and vitamin E in preventing cardiac damage caused by doxorubicin in acute myeloid leukaemia. Br.Med.J.(Clin.Res.Ed) 1-28-1984;288(6413):283-284. View abstract.

Sundstrom, H., Korpela, H., Viinikka, L., and Kauppila, A. Serum selenium and glutathione peroxidase, and plasma lipid peroxides in uterine, ovarian or vulvar cancer, and their responses to antioxidants in patients with ovarian cancer. Cancer Lett. 1984;24(1):1-10. View abstract.

Willett, W. C., Polk, B. F., Underwood, B. A., Stampfer, M. J., Pressel, S., Rosner, B., Taylor, J. O., Schneider, K., and Hames, C. G. Relation of serum vitamins A and E and carotenoids to the risk of cancer. N.Engl.J.Med. 2-16-1984;310(7):430-434. View abstract.

Hittner, H. M., Speer, M. E., Rudolph, A. J., Blifeld, C., Chadda, P., Holbein, M. E., Godio, L. B., and Kretzer, F. L. Retrolental fibroplasia and vitamin E in the preterm infant--comparison of oral versus intramuscular:oral administration. Pediatrics 1984;73(2):238-249. View abstract.

Stahelin, H. B., Rosel, F., Buess, E., and Brubacher, G. Cancer, vitamins, and plasma lipids: prospective Basel study. J.Natl.Cancer Inst. 1984;73(6):1463-1468. View abstract.

Lenzhofer, R., Ganzinger, U., Rameis, H., and Moser, K. Acute cardiac toxicity in patients after doxorubicin treatment and the effect of combined tocopherol and nifedipine pretreatment. J.Cancer Res.Clin.Oncol. 1983;106(2):143-147. View abstract.

Cruz, C. S., Wimberley, P. D., Johansen, K., and Friis-Hansen, B. The effect of vitamin E on erythrocyte hemolysis and lipid peroxidation in newborn premature infants. Acta Paediatr.Scand. 1983;72(6):823-826. View abstract.

Abraham, G. E. Nutritional factors in the etiology of the premenstrual tension syndromes. J.Reprod.Med. 1983;28(7):446-464. View abstract.

London, R. S., Sundaram, G. S., Murphy, L., and Goldstein, P. J. Evaluation and treatment of breast symptoms in patients with the premenstrual syndrome. J.Reprod.Med. 1983;28(8):503-508. View abstract.

Wald, N. J., Boreham, J., Hayward, J. L., and Bulbrook, R. D. Plasma retinol, beta-carotene and vitamin E levels in relation to the future risk of breast cancer. Br.J.Cancer 1984;49(3):321-324. View abstract.

Haeger, K. Long-term study of alpha-tocopherol in intermittent claudication. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 1982;393:369-375. View abstract.

Ehrenkranz, R. A., Ablow, R. C., and Warshaw, J. B. Effect of vitamin E on the development of oxygen-induced lung injury in neonates. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 1982;393:452-466. View abstract.

Jansson, L., Holmberg, L., Nilsson, B., and Johansson, B. Vitamin E requirements of preterm infants. Acta Paediatr.Scand. 1978;67(4):459-463. View abstract.

Chiswick, M. L., Wynn, J., and Toner, N. Vitamin E and intraventricular hemorrhage in the newborn. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 1982;393:109-120. View abstract.

Legha, S. S., Wang, Y. M., Mackay, B., Ewer, M., Hortobagyi, G. N., Benjamin, R. S., and Ali, M. K. Clinical and pharmacologic investigation of the effects of alpha-tocopherol on adriamycin cardiotoxicity. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 1982;393:411-418. View abstract.

Hittner, H. M., Godio, L. B., Rudolph, A. J., Adams, J. M., Garcia-Prats, J. A., Friedman, Z., Kautz, J. A., and Monaco, W. A. Retrolental fibroplasia: efficacy of vitamin E in a double-blind clinical study of preterm infants. N.Engl.J.Med. 12-3-1981;305(23):1365-1371. View abstract.

Saldanha, R. L., Cepeda, E. E., and Poland, R. L. The effect of vitamin E prophylaxis on the incidence and severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. J.Pediatr. 1982;101(1):89-93. View abstract.

Zheng, W., Sellers, T. A., Doyle, T. J., Kushi, L. H., Potter, J. D., and Folsom, A. R. Retinol, antioxidant vitamins, and cancers of the upper digestive tract in a prospective cohort study of postmenopausal women. Am.J.Epidemiol. 11-1-1995;142(9):955-960. View abstract.

Torun, M., Akgul, S., and Sargin, H. Serum vitamin E level in patients with breast cancer. J.Clin.Pharm.Ther. 1995;20(3):173-178. View abstract.

Hunnisett, A., Davies, S., McLaren-Howard, J., Gravett, P., Finn, M., and Gueret-Wardle, D. Lipoperoxides as an index of free radical activity in bone marrow transplant recipients. Preliminary observations. Biol.Trace Elem.Res. 1995;47(1-3):125-132. View abstract.

Lopez, I., Goudou, C., Ribrag, V., Sauvage, C., Hazebroucq, G., and Dreyfus, F. [Treatment of mucositis with vitamin E during administration of neutropenic antineoplastic agents]. Ann.Med.Interne (Paris) 1994;145(6):405-408. View abstract.

Manzano, D., Aguirre, A., Gardeazabal, J., Eizaguirre, X., and Diaz Perez, J. L. Allergic contact dermatitis from tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E) and retinol palmitate (vitamin A) in a moisturizing cream. Contact Dermatitis 1994;31(5):324. View abstract.

Akhtar, S., Jajor, T. R., and Kumar, S. Vitamin E in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia. J.Postgrad.Med. 1993;39(3):124-126. View abstract.

Tohgi, H., Abe, T., Nakanishi, M., Hamato, F., Sasaki, K., and Takahashi, S. Concentrations of alpha-tocopherol and its quinone derivative in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with vascular dementia of the Binswanger type and Alzheimer type dementia. Neurosci.Lett. 6-6-1994;174(1):73-76. View abstract.

Adler, L. A., Peselow, E., Rotrosen, J., Duncan, E., Lee, M., Rosenthal, M., and Angrist, B. Vitamin E treatment of tardive dyskinesia. Am.J.Psychiatry 1993;150(9):1405-1407. View abstract.

Adler, L. A., Peselow, E., Duncan, E., Rosenthal, M., and Angrist, B. Vitamin E in tardive dyskinesia: time course of effect after placebo substitution. Psychopharmacol.Bull. 1993;29(3):371-374. View abstract.

Kirkpatrick, C. S., White, E., and Lee, J. A. Case-control study of malignant melanoma in Washington State. II. Diet, alcohol, and obesity. Am.J.Epidemiol. 5-1-1994;139(9):869-880. View abstract.

Handelman, G. J., Epstein, W. L., Peerson, J., Spiegelman, D., Machlin, L. J., and Dratz, E. A. Human adipose alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocopherol kinetics during and after 1 y of alpha-tocopherol supplementation. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 1994;59(5):1025-1032. View abstract.

Hansson, L. E., Nyren, O., Bergstrom, R., Wolk, A., Lindgren, A., Baron, J., and Adami, H. O. Nutrients and gastric cancer risk. A population-based case-control study in Sweden. Int.J.Cancer 6-1-1994;57(5):638-644. View abstract.

Peet, M., Laugharne, J., Rangarajan, N., and Reynolds, G. P. Tardive dyskinesia, lipid peroxidation, and sustained amelioration with vitamin E treatment. Int.Clin.Psychopharmacol. 1993;8(3):151-153. View abstract.

Hense, H. W., Stender, M., Bors, W., and Keil, U. Lack of an association between serum vitamin E and myocardial infarction in a population with high vitamin E levels. Atherosclerosis 1993;103(1):21-28. View abstract.

Nguyen, T. T., Cox, C. S., Traber, D. L., Gasser, H., Redl, H., Schlag, G., and Herndon, D. N. Free radical activity and loss of plasma antioxidants, vitamin E, and sulfhydryl groups in patients with burns: the 1993 Moyer Award. J.Burn Care Rehabil. 1993;14(6):602-609. View abstract.

Lam, L. C., Chiu, H. F., and Hung, S. F. Vitamin E in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: a replication study. J.Nerv.Ment.Dis. 1994;182(2):113-114. View abstract.

Donnan, P. T., Thomson, M., Fowkes, F. G., Prescott, R. J., and Housley, E. Diet as a risk factor for peripheral arterial disease in the general population: the Edinburgh Artery Study. Am.J.Clin.Nutr. 1993;57(6):917-921. View abstract.

Wolk, A., Gridley, G., Niwa, S., Lindblad, P., McCredie, M., Mellemgaard, A., Mandel, J. S., Wahrendorf, J., McLaughlin, J. K., and Adami, H. O. International renal cell cancer study. VII. Role of diet. Int.J.Cancer 1-3-1996;65(1):67-73. View abstract.

Eichholzer, M., Stahelin, H. B., Gey, K. F., Ludin, E., and Bernasconi, F. Prediction of male cancer mortality by plasma levels of interacting vitamins: 17-year follow-up of the prospective Basel study. Int.J.Cancer 4-10-1996;66(2):145-150. View abstract.

Singh, R. B., Niaz, M. A., Rastogi, S. S., and Rastogi, S. Usefulness of antioxidant vitamins in suspected acute myocardial infarction (the Indian experiment of infarct survival-3). Am.J.Cardiol. 2-1-1996;77(4):232-236. View abstract.

Gerber, M., Astre, C., Segala, C., Saintot, M., Scali, J., Simony-Lafontaine, J., Grenier, J., and Pujol, H. Oxidant-antioxidant status alterations in cancer patients: relationship to tumor progression. J.Nutr. 1996;126(4 Suppl):1201S-1207S. View abstract.

Soares, K., McGrath, J., and Adams, C. Evidence and tardive dyskinesia. Lancet 6-15-1996;347(9016):1696-1697. View abstract.

Esteve, J., Riboli, E., Pequignot, G., Terracini, B., Merletti, F., Crosignani, P., Ascunce, N., Zubiri, L., Blanchet, F., Raymond, L., Repetto, F., and Tuyns, A. J. Diet and cancers of the larynx and hypopharynx: the IARC multi-center study in southwestern Europe. Cancer Causes Control 1996;7(2):240-252. View abstract.

Wagdi, P., Fluri, M., Aeschbacher, B., Fikrle, A., and Meier, B. Cardioprotection in patients undergoing chemo- and/or radiotherapy for neoplastic disease. A pilot study. Jpn.Heart J. 1996;37(3):353-359. View abstract.

Azen, S. P., Qian, D., Mack, W. J., Sevanian, A., Selzer, R. H., Liu, C. R., Liu, C. H., and Hodis, H. N. Effect of supplementary antioxidant vitamin intake on carotid arterial wall intima-media thickness in a controlled clinical trial of cholesterol lowering. Circulation 11-15-1996;94(10):2369-2372. View abstract.

Dorevitch, A., Kalian, M., Shlafman, M., and Lerner, V. Treatment of long-term tardive dyskinesia with vitamin E. Biol.Psychiatry 1-1-1997;41(1):114-116. View abstract.

Colditz, G. A., Manson, J. E., and Hankinson, S. E. The Nurses' Health Study: 20-year contribution to the understanding of health among women. J.Womens Health 1997;6(1):49-62. View abstract.

Vlajinac, H. D., Marinkovic, J. M., Ilic, M. D., and Kocev, N. I. Diet and prostate cancer: a case-control study. Eur.J.Cancer 1997;33(1):101-107. View abstract.

Dimery, I. W., Hong, W. K., Lee, J. J., Guillory-Perez, C., Pham, F., Fritsche, H. A., Jr., and Lippman, S. M. Phase I trial of alpha-tocopherol effects on 13-cis-retinoic acid toxicity. Ann.Oncol. 1997;8(1):85-89. View abstract.

Nomura, A. M., Ziegler, R. G., Stemmermann, G. N., Chyou, P. H., and Craft, N. E. Serum micronutrients and upper aerodigestive tract cancer. Cancer Epidemiol.Biomarkers Prev. 1997;6(6):407-412. View abstract.

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Ruiz, Rejon F., Martin, Pena G., Lopez, Manglano C., Seijas, Martinez, V, and Ruiz, Galiana J. [Plasma levels of vitamins A and E and the risk of acute myocardial infarct]. Rev.Clin.Esp. 1997;197(6):411-416. View abstract.

Pacht, E. R., Diaz, P., Clanton, T., Hart, J., and Gadek, J. E. Serum vitamin E decreases in HIV-seropositive subjects over time. J.Lab Clin.Med. 1997;130(3):293-296. View abstract.

Clemens, M. R., Waladkhani, A. R., Bublitz, K., Ehninger, G., and Gey, K. F. Supplementation with antioxidants prior to bone marrow transplantation. Wien.Klin.Wochenschr. 10-17-1997;109(19):771-776. View abstract.

Tornwall, M., Virtamo, J., Haukka, J. K., Aro, A., Albanes, D., Edwards, B. K., and Huttunen, J. K. Effect of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) and beta-carotene supplementation on the incidence of intermittent claudication in male smokers. Arterioscler.Thromb.Vasc.Biol. 1997;17(12):3475-3480. View abstract.

Andreone, P., Gramonzi, A., and Bernardi, M. Vitamin E for chronic hepatitis B. Ann.Intern.Med. 1-15-1998;128(2):156-157. View abstract.

Mezzetti, M., La, Vecchia C., Decarli, A., Boyle, P., Talamini, R., and Franceschi, S. Population attributable risk for breast cancer: diet, nutrition, and physical exercise. J.Natl.Cancer Inst. 3-4-1998;90(5):389-394. View abstract.

Mortality in DATATOP: a multicenter trial in early Parkinson's disease. Parkinson Study Group. Ann.Neurol. 1998;43(3):318-325. View abstract.

Launoy, G., Milan, C., Day, N. E., Pienkowski, M. P., Gignoux, M., and Faivre, J. Diet and squamous-cell cancer of the oesophagus: a French multicentre case-control study. Int.J.Cancer 3-30-1998;76(1):7-12. View abstract.

Kumagai, Y., Pi, J. B., Lee, S., Sun, G. F., Yamanushi, T., Sagai, M., and Shimojo, N. Serum antioxidant vitamins and risk of lung and stomach cancers in Shenyang, China. Cancer Lett. 7-17-1998;129(2):145-149. View abstract.

Davey, P. J., Schulz, M., Gliksman, M., Dobson, M., Aristides, M., and Stephens, N. G. Cost-effectiveness of vitamin E therapy in the treatment of patients with angiographically proven coronary narrowing (CHAOS trial). Cambridge Heart Antioxidant Study. Am.J.Cardiol. 8-15-1998;82(4):414-417. View abstract.

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Sellers, T. A., Bazyk, A. E., Bostick, R. M., Kushi, L. H., Olson, J. E., Anderson, K. E., Lazovich, D., and Folsom, A. R. Diet and risk of colon cancer in a large prospective study of older women: an analysis stratified on family history (Iowa, United States). Cancer Causes Control 1998;9(4):357-367. View abstract.

Marniemi, J., Jarvisalo, J., Toikka, T., Raiha, I., Ahotupa, M., and Sourander, L. Blood vitamins, mineral elements and inflammation markers as risk factors of vascular and non-vascular disease mortality in an elderly population. Int.J.Epidemiol. 1998;27(5):799-807. View abstract.

Delport, R., Ubbink, J. B., Human, J. A., Becker, P. J., Myburgh, D. P., and Vermaak, W. J. Antioxidant vitamins and coronary artery disease risk in South African males. Clin.Chim.Acta 1998;278(1):55-60. View abstract.

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Burgess IF, Burgess NA, Brunton ER. Tocopheryl acetate 20% spray for elimination of head louse infestation: a randomised controlled trial comparing with 1% permethrin creme rinse. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2013;14:43. View abstract.

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García Hernández JÁ, Madera González D, Padilla Castillo M, et al. Use of a specific anti-stretch mark cream for preventing or reducing the severity of striae gravidarum. Randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2013;35(3):233-7. View abstract.

Ghaffari J, Farid Hossiani R, Khalilian A, et al. Vitamin e supplementation, lung functions and clinical manifestations in children with moderate asthma: a randomized double blind placebo- controlled trial. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2014;13(2):98-103. View abstract.

Gungorduk K, Asicioglu O, Gungorduk OC, et al. Does vitamin C and vitamin E supplementation prolong the latency period before delivery following the preterm premature rupture of membranes? A randomized controlled study. Am J Perinatol. 2014;31(3):195-202. View abstract.

Kitzler TM, Jaberi A, Sendlhofer G, et al. Efficacy of vitamin E and N-acetylcysteine in the prevention of contrast induced kidney injury in patients with chronic kidney disease: a double blind, randomized controlled trial. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2012;124(9-10):312-9. View abstract.

Li FJ, Shen L, Ji HF. Dietary intakes of vitamin E, vitamin C, and ß-carotene and risk of Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis. J Alzheimers Dis. 2012;31(2):253-8. View abstract.

Li P, Zhang H, Chen J, et al. Association between dietary antioxidant vitamins intake/blood level and risk of gastric cancer. Int J Cancer. 2014;135(6):1444-53. View abstract.

Ma JL, Zhang L, Brown LM, et al. Fifteen-year effects of Helicobacter pylori, garlic, and vitamin treatments on gastric cancer incidence and mortality. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2012;104(6):488-92. View abstract.

Michaëlsson K, Wolk A, Byberg L, et al. Intake and serum concentrations of a-tocopherol in relation to fractures in elderly women and men: 2 cohort studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;99(1):107-14. View abstract.

Michal Freedman D, Kuncl RW, Weinstein SJ, Malila N, Virtamo J, Albanes D. Vitamin E serum levels and controlled supplementation and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener. 2013 May;14(4):246-51. doi: 10.3109/21678421.2012.745570. Epub 2013 Jan 4. View abstract.

Paulis G, Brancato T, D'Ascenzo R, et al. Efficacy of vitamin E in the conservative treatment of Peyronie's disease: legend or reality? A controlled study of 70 cases. Andrology. 2013;1(1):120-8. View abstract.

Rajanandh MG, Kosey S, Prathiksha G. Assessment of antioxidant supplementation on the neuropathic pain score and quality of life in diabetic neuropathy patients - a randomized controlled study. Pharmacol Rep. 2014;66(1):44-8. View abstract.

Sagheb MM, Dormanesh B, Fallahzadeh MK, et al. Efficacy of vitamins C, E, and their combination for treatment of restless legs syndrome in hemodialysis patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Sleep Med. 2012;13(5):542-5. View abstract.

Sezikli M, Çetinkaya ZA, Güzelbulut F, et al. Supplementing vitamins C and E to standard triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2012;37(3):282-5. View abstract.

Shab-Bidar S, Mazloum Z, Mousavi-Shirazifard Z. Daily vitamin E supplementation does not improve metabolic and glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients: a double blinded randomized controlled trial. J Diabetes. 2013;5(1):57-8. View abstract.

Tasanarong A, Vohakiat A, Hutayanon P, et al. New strategy of a- and ?-tocopherol to prevent contrast-induced acute kidney injury in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing elective coronary procedures. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2013;28(2):337-44. View abstract.

Wang L, Sesso HD, Glynn RJ, et al. Vitamin E and C supplementation and risk of cancer in men: posttrial follow-up in the Physicians' Health Study II randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;100(3):915-23. View abstract.

West CE, Dunstan J, McCarthy S, et al. Associations between maternal antioxidant intakes in pregnancy and infant allergic outcomes. Nutrients. 2012;4(11):1747-58. View abstract.

Xu R, Zhang S, Tao A, et al. Influence of vitamin E supplementation on glycaemic control: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. PLoS One. 2014;9(4):e95008. View abstract.

Pais R, Dumitrascu DL. Do antioxidants prevent colorectal cancer? A meta-analysis. Rom J Intern Med 2013;51(3-4):152-63. View abstract.

Lai GY, Weinstein SJ, Taylor PR, McGlynn KA, Virtamo J, Gail MH, Albanes D, Freedman ND. Effects of a-tocopherol and ß-carotene supplementation on liver cancer incidence and chronic liver disease mortality in the ATBC study. Br J Cancer. 2014 Dec 9;111(12):2220-3. View abstract.

Christen WG, Glynn RJ, Gaziano JM, et al. Age-related cataract in men in the selenium and vitamin E cancer prevention trial eye endpoints study: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Ophthalmol 2015;133(1):17-24. View abstract.

Bonelli L, Puntoni M, Gatteschi B, et al. Antioxidant supplement and long-term reduction of recurrent adenomas of the large bowel. A double-blind randomized trial. J Gastroenterol 2013;48(6):698-705. View abstract.

Kryscio RJ, Abner EL, Caban-Holt A, et al. Association of Antioxidant Supplement Use and Dementia in the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease by Vitamin E and Selenium Trial (PREADViSE). JAMA Neurol. 2017. View abstract.

DeKosky ST, Schneider LS. Preventing Dementia: Many Issues and Not Enough Time. JAMA Neurol. 2017. View abstract.

Khurana H, Pandey RK, Saksena AK, Kumar A. An evaluation of Vitamin E and Pycnogenol in children suffering from oral mucositis during cancer chemotherapy. Oral Dis. 2013 Jul;19(5):456-64. View abstract.

Mahdy ZA, Siraj HH, Khaza'ai H, et al. Does palm oil vitamin E reduce the risk of pregnancy induced hypertension? Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove). 2013;56(3):104-9. View abstract.

Bolignano D, Cernaro V, Gembillo G, Baggetta R, Buemi M, D'Arrigo G. Antioxidant agents for delaying diabetic kidney disease progression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017;12(6):e0178699. View abstract.

Farina N, Llewellyn D, Isaac MGEKN, Tabet N. Vitamin E for Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Apr 18;4:CD002854. View abstract.

Kim JE, Ferruzzi MG, Campbell WW. Egg Consumption Increases Vitamin E Absorption from Co-Consumed Raw Mixed Vegetables in Healthy Young Men. J Nutr. 2016;146(11):2199-2205. View abstract.

Rezaei Y, Khademvatani K, Rahimi B, et al. Short-Term High-Dose Vitamin E to Prevent Contrast Medium-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Elective Coronary Angiography: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Mar 15;5(3):e002919. View abstract.

Rumbold A, Ota E, Hori H, Miyazaki C, Crowther CA. Vitamin E supplementation in pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(9):CD004069. View abstract.

Sano M, Aisen PS, Andrews HF, et al. Vitamin E in aging persons with Down syndrome: A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Neurology. 2016;86(22):2071-6. View abstract.

Sato K, Gosho M, Yamamoto T, et al. Vitamin E has a beneficial effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrition. 2015;31(7-8):923-30. View abstract.

Schwingshackl L, Boeing H, Stelmach-Mardas M, et al. Dietary Supplements and Risk of Cause-Specific Death, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Primary Prevention Trials. Adv Nutr. 2017;8(1):27-39. View abstract.

Soares-Weiser K, Maayan N, Bergman H. Vitamin E for antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;1:CD000209. View abstract.

Stunes AK, Syversen U, Berntsen S, et al. High doses of vitamin C plus E reduce strength training-induced improvements in areal bone mineral density in elderly men. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017;117(6):1073-1084. View abstract.

Tang M, Frank DN, Sherlock L, Ir D, Robertson CE, Krebs NF. Effect of Vitamin E With Therapeutic Iron Supplementation on Iron Repletion and Gut Microbiome in US Iron Deficient Infants and Toddlers. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2016;63(3):379-85. View abstract.

Villani V, Zucchella C, Cristalli G, et al. Vitamin E neuroprotection against cisplatin ototoxicity: Preliminary results from a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Head Neck. 2016;38 Suppl 1:E2118-21. View abstract.

Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, et al. The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: practice Guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association. Hepatology. 2012;55(6):2005-23. View abstract.

Khodaeian M, Tabatabaei-Malazy O, Qorbani M, Farzadfar F, Amini P, Larijani B. Effect of vitamins C and E on insulin resistance in diabetes: a meta-analysis study. Eur J Clin Invest. 2015;45(11):1161-74. View abstract.

Ma E, Iso H, Yamagishi K, Ando M, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A. Dietary Antioxidant Micronutrients and All-Cause Mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk. J Epidemiol. 2018 Sep 5;28(9):388-396. View abstract.

Mah E, Sapper TN, Chitchumroonchokchai C, et al. a-Tocopherol bioavailability is lower in adults with metabolic syndrome regardless of dairy fat co-ingestion: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Nov;102(5):1070-80. View abstract.

Shen C, Huang Y, Yi S, Fang Z, Li L. Association of Vitamin E Intake with Reduced Risk of Kidney Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Med Sci Monit. 2015;21:3420-6. View abstract.

Sadeghi N, Paknezhad F, Rashidi Nooshabadi M, Kavianpour M, Jafari Rad S, Khadem Haghighian H. Vitamin E and fish oil, separately or in combination, on treatment of primary dysmenorrhea: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2018;34(9):804-808. View abstract.

Keshavarzi Z, Janghorban R, Alipour S, Tahmasebi S, Jokar A. The effect of vitamin D and E vaginal suppositories on tamoxifen-induced vaginal atrophy in women with breast cancer. Support Care Cancer. 2019 Apr;27(4):1325-1334. View abstract.

Hashemi Z, Sharifi N, Khani B, Aghadavod E, Asemi Z. The effects of vitamin E supplementation on endometrial thickness, and gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and inflammatory cytokines among women with implantation failure. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019;32(1):95-102. View abstract.

Navon L, Jones CM, Ghinai I, et al. Risk factors for E-cigarette, or vaping, product-use associated lung injury (EVALI) among adults who use E-cigarette, or vaping, products-Illinois, July-October, 2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. ePub:8 Nov 2019. View abstract.

Blount BC, Karwowski MP, More-Espinosa M, et al. Evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients in an outbreak of E-cigarette, or vaping, product-use associated lung injury-10 States, August-October, 2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. ePub:8 Nov 2019. View abstract.

Hershman DL, Lacchetti C, Dworkin RH, et al. Prevention and management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in survivors of adult cancers: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2014;34(18):1941-67. View abstract.

Lin JH, Chen SJ, Liu H, Yan Y, Zheng JH. Vitamin E consumption and the risk of bladder cancer. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2019 Sep;89(3-4):168-175. View abstract.

Afzali H, Jafari Kashi AH, Mgomen-Heravi M, et al. The effects of magnesium and vitamin E co-supplementation on wound healing and metabolic status in patients with diabetic foot ulcer: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Wound Repair Regen. 2019 May;27(3):277-284. View abstract.

van de Warrenburg BP, van Gaalen J, Boesch S, et al. EFNS/ENS Consensus on the diagnosis and management of chronic ataxias in adulthood. Eur J Neurol. 2014 Apr;21(4):552-62. View abstract.

Schuelke M. Ataxia with Vitamin E Deficiency. In: Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Bean LJH, Stephens K, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews® [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2019. 2005 May 20 [updated 2016 Oct 13]. View abstract.

Kottschade LA, Sloan JA, Mazurczak MA, et al. The use of vitamin E for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: results of a randomized phase III clinical trial. Support Care Cancer. 2011;19(11):1769-1777. View abstract.

FDA. Petition for Qualified Health Claims: Antioxidant Vitamins C and E and Reduction in the Risk of Site-Specific Cancers, FDA-2008-Q-0299. June 2009. Available at: http://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20171114183719/https://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/LabelingNutrition/ucm166913.htm. Accessed on March 6, 2020.

FDA. Letter Regarding Dietary Supplement Health Claim for Antioxidant Vitamins and Risk of Certain Cancers Docket No. 91N-0101. April 2003. Available at: http://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20171114183649/https://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/LabelingNutrition/ucm072789.htm. Accessed on March 6, 2020.

Rattanawiwatpong P, Wanitphakdeedecha R, Bumrungpert A, Maiprasert M. Anti-aging and brightening effects of a topical treatment containing vitamin C, vitamin E, and raspberry leaf cell culture extract: A split-face, randomized controlled trial. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020;19(3):671-6. doi: 10.1111/jocd.13305. View abstract.

Ardestani Zadeh A, Arab D, Kia NS, et al. The role of Vitamin E - Selenium - Folic Acid Supplementation in Improving Sperm Parameters After Varicocelectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Urol J. 2019;16(5):495-500. View abstract.

Ataei-Almanghadim K, Farshbaf-Khalili A, Ostadrahimic AL, et al. The effect of oral capsule of curcumin and vitamin E on the hot flashes and anxiety in postmenopausal women: A triple blind randomised controlled trial. Complement Ther Med. 2020 Jan;48:102267. View abstract.

Blount BC, Karwowski MP, Shields PG, et al. Vitamin E Acetate in Bronchoalveolar-Lavage Fluid Associated with EVALI. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):697-705. View abstract.

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Sayed R, El Wakeel L, Saad AS, et al. Pentoxifylline and vitamin E reduce the severity of radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis and dysphagia in head and neck cancer patients: a randomized, controlled study. Med Oncol. 2019;37(1):8. View abstract.

Tan GCJ, Tan SMQ, Phang SCW, et al. Tocotrienol-rich vitamin E improves diabetic nephropathy and persists 6-9 months after washout: a phase IIa randomized controlled trial. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2019;10:2042018819895462. View abstract.

Alam S, Abrar M, Islam S, et al. Effect of telmisartan and vitamin E on liver histopathology with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A randomized, open-label, noninferiority trial. JGH Open. 2020;4(4):663-669. View abstract.

Asbaghi O, Sadeghian M, Nazarian B, et al. The effect of vitamin E supplementation on selected inflammatory biomarkers in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):17234. View abstract.

Di Lonardo A, De Rosa M, Graziano A, Pascone C, Lucattelli E. Effectiveness of topical a-Tocopherol Acetate in burn infection treatment. Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2019;32(4):282-288. View abstract.

Loh HC, Lim R, Lee KW, et al. Effects of vitamin E on stroke: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Stroke Vasc Neurol. 2020:svn-2020-000519. View abstract.

Okebukola PO, Kansra S, Barrett J. Vitamin E supplementation in people with cystic fibrosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;9:CD009422. View abstract.

Sovira N, Lubis M, Wahidiyat PA, et al. Effects of a-tocopherol on hemolysis and oxidative stress markers on red blood cells in ß-thalassemia major. Clin Exp Pediatr. 2020;63(8):314-320. View abstract.

Vadarlis A, Antza C, Bakaloudi DR, et al. Systematic review with meta-analysis: The effect of vitamin E supplementation in adult patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020. View abstract.

Vaidya B, Bhochhibhoya M, Nakarmi S. Efficacy of Vitamin E in methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity in rheumatoid arthritis: an open-label case-control study. Int J Rheumatol. 2020;2020:5723485. View abstract.

Zhou P, Shao R, Wang H, Miao J, Wang X. Dietary vitamin A, C, and E intake and subsequent fracture risk at various sites: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99(35):e20841. View abstract.

Ng YT, Phang SCW, Tan GCJ, et al. The Effects of Tocotrienol-Rich Vitamin E (Tocovid) on Diabetic Neuropathy: A Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2020;12(5):1522. View abstract.

World Health Organization (WHO). Risk reduction of cognitive decline and dementia. World Health Organization Guidelines. 2019. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/312180/9789241550543-eng.pdf?ua=1. Accessed on: February 11, 2011.

Amini L, Chekini R, Nateghi MR, et al. The Effect of Combined Vitamin C and Vitamin E Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Markers in Women with Endometriosis: A Randomized, Triple-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Pain Res Manag 2021;2021:5529741. View abstract.

Chuar PF, Ng YT, Phang SCW, et al. Tocotrienol-rich vitamin E (Tocovid) improved nerve conduction velocity in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a phase II double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial. Nutrients. 2021 Oct 25;13(11):3770. View abstract.

Koay YY, Tan GCJ, Phang SCW, et al. A phase IIb randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of tocotrienol-rich vitamin E on diabetic kidney disease. Nutrients. 2021 Jan 18;13(1):258. View abstract.

Aoki S, Yamagishi K, Maruyama K, et al. Dietary intake of tocopherols and risk of incident disabling dementia. Sci Rep. 2021 Aug 12;11(1):16429. View abstract.

Chang MC, Kwak SG, Kwak S. Effect of dietary vitamins C and E on the risk of Parkinson's disease: A meta-analysis. Clin Nutr. 2021 Jun;40(6):3922-30. View abstract.

Emami MR, Jamshidi S, Zarezadeh M, et al. Can vitamin E supplementation affect obesity indices? A systematic review and meta-analysis of twenty-four randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr. 2021;40(5):3201-9. View abstract.

Hamedi-Kalajahi F, Zarezadeh M, Dehghani A, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the impact of oral vitamin E supplementation on apolipoproteins A1 and B100. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021;46:106-14. View abstract.

Lin M, Zeng H, Deng G, Lei J, Li J. Vitamin E in paediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2021 May;45(3):101530. View abstract.

Miao H, Li R, Chen D, et al. Protective effects of vitamin E on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Nutr Metab. 2021;77(3):127-37. View abstract.

Nguyen TTU, Yeom JH, Kim W. Beneficial Effects of Vitamin E Supplementation on Endothelial Dysfunction, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(21):11923. View abstract.

Romero-Maldonado S, Montoya-Estrada A, Reyes-Muñoz E, et al. Efficacy of water-based vitamin E solution versus placebo in the prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants: A randomized clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Aug 6;100(31):e26765. View abstract.

Sabetian S, Jahromi BN, Vakili S, Forouhari S, Alipour S. The effect of oral vitamin E on semen parameters and IVF outcome: A double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Biomed Res Int. 2021 Oct 11;2021:5588275. View abstract.

Safiyeh FD, Mojgan M, Parviz S, Sakineh MA, Behnaz SO. The effect of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on anti-Mullerian hormone and antral follicle count in infertile women with occult premature ovarian insufficiency: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Med. 2021 Jan;56:102533. View abstract.

Samsami M, Shabani M, Hajiesmaeili M, et al. The effects of vitamin E on colistin-induced nephrotoxicity in treatment of drug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections: A randomized clinical trial. J Infect Chemother. 2021;27(8):1181-5. View abstract.

Vallibhakara SAO, Nakpalat K, Sophonsritsuk A, Tantitham C, Vallibhakara O. Effect of vitamin E supplement on bone turnover markers in postmenopausal osteopenic women: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Nutrients. 2021 Nov 25;13(12):4226. View abstract.

Warshaw EM, Ruggiero JL, DeKoven JG, et al. Patch testing with tocopherol and tocopherol acetate: the North American Contact Dermatitis Group experience, 2001 to 2016. Dermatitis. 2021;32(5):308-18. View abstract.

Yarahmadi A, Saeed Modaghegh MH, Mostafavi-Pour Z, et al. The effect of platelet-rich plasma-fibrin glue dressing in combination with oral vitamin E and C for treatment of non-healing diabetic foot ulcers: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, clinical trial. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2021;21(5):687-96. View abstract.

US Preventive Services Task Force, Mangione CM, Barry MJ, et al. Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA 2022;327(23):2326-2333. View abstract.

Ma L, Sun Y. Comparison of L-carnitine vs. Coq10 and vitamin E for idiopathic male infertility: a randomized controlled trial. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022;26(13):4698-4704. View abstract.

Zhou X, Shi H, Zhu S, Wang H, Sun S. Effects of vitamin E and vitamin C on male infertility: a meta-analysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2022;54(8):1793-1805. View abstract.

Martínez-Ferrán M, Cuadrado-Peñafiel V, Sánchez-Andreo JM, et al. Effects of acute vitamin C plus vitamin E supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage in runners: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Nutrients 2022;14(21):4635. View abstract.

Maghalian M, Hasanzadeh R, Mirghafourvand M. The effect of oral vitamin E and omega-3 alone and in combination on menopausal hot flushes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Post Reprod Health. 2022 Jun;28(2):93-106. View abstract.

Lee ARYB, Tariq A, Lau G, Tok NWK, Tam WWS, Ho CSH. Vitamin E, Alpha-Tocopherol, and Its Effects on Depression and Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2022;14(3):656. View abstract.

Loh WQ, Youn J, Seow WJ. Vitamin E Intake and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2022;15(1):14. View abstract.

Kim M, Eo H, Lim JG, Lim H, Lim Y. Can Low-Dose of Dietary Vitamin E Supplementation Reduce Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Oxidative Stress? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2022;14(8):1599. View abstract.

Asbaghi O, Nazarian B, Yousefi M, Anjom-Shoae J, Rasekhi H, Sadeghi O. Effect of vitamin E intake on glycemic control and insulin resistance in diabetic patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr J 2023;22(1):10. View abstract.

Abrol R, Kaushik R, Goel D, Sama S, Kaushik RM, Kala M. Vitamin E-induced coagulopathy in a young patient: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2023;17(1):107. View abstract.

Thongchumnum W, Vallibhakara SA, Sophonsritsuk A, Vallibhakara O. Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Chronic Insomnia Disorder in Postmenopausal Women: A Prospective, Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2023;15(5):1187. View abstract.

Abdelwahab OA, Akil K, Seif A, Allam M, Sherif ME, Al-Alfy MN. The potential role of vitamin E in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023;102(6):e32937. View abstract.

Tanner M. USPSTF recommends against beta carotene or vitamin E supplements for preventing CVD or cancer in adults. Ann Intern Med 2022;175(10):JC110. View abstract.

Yalle-Vásquez S, Osco-Rosales K, Nieto-Gutierrez W, Benites-Zapata V, Pérez-López FR, Alarcon-Ruiz CA. Vitamin E supplementation improves testosterone, glucose- and lipid-related metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Gynecol Endocrinol 2022;38(7):548-557. View abstract.

Tefagh G, Payab M, Qorbani M, et al. Effect of vitamin E supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory and oxidative markers and hormonal functions in PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2022;12(1):5770. View abstract.

Heidari H, Hajhashemy Z, Saneei P. A meta-analysis of effects of vitamin E supplementation alone and in combination with omega-3 or magnesium on polycystic ovary syndrome. Sci Rep 2022;12(1):19927. View abstract.

Alikamali M, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi S, Maghalian M, Mirghafourvand M. The effects of vitamin E on the intensity of primary dysmenorrhea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022;52:50-59. View abstract.

Kou H, Qing Z, Guo H, Zhang R, Ma J. Effect of vitamin E supplementation in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023;77(2):166-172. View abstract.

Abtahi-Naeini B, Rastegarnasab F, Saffaei A. Liquid vitamin E injection for cosmetic facial rejuvenation: A disaster report of lipogranuloma. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022;21(11):5549-5554. View abstract.

Cheng Y, Tong H, Li X, et al. Effect of vitamin E and supragingival scaling on salivary gland function in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer treated with 131I. Nucl Med Commun 2022;43(9):995-1003. View abstract.

Queiroz Schmidt FM, Serna González CV, Mattar RC, Lopes LB, Santos MF, Santos VLCG. Topical application of a cream containing nanoparticles with vitamin E for radiodermatitis prevention in women with breast cancer: A randomized, triple-blind, controlled pilot trial. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2022;61:102230. View abstract.

de Oliveira VA, Oliveira IKF, Pereira IC, et al. Consumption and supplementation of vitamin E in breast cancer risk, treatment, and outcomes: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023;54:215-226. View abstract.

Lu X, Wang Z, Chen L, Wei X, Ma Y, Tu Y. Efficacy and safety of selenium or vitamin E administration alone or in combination in ICU patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023;57:550-560. View abstract.

Vogli S, Naska A, Marinos G, Kasdagli MI, Orfanos P. The Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Serum Aminotransferases in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023;15(17):3733. View abstract.

Higuchi T, Ueno T, Uchiyama S, Matsuki S, Ogawa M, Takamatsu K. Effect of ?-tocopherol supplementation on premenstrual symptoms and natriuresis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023;23(1):136. View abstract.

Moustafa I, Connolly C, Anis M, Mustafa H, Oosthuizen F, Viljoen M. A prospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin E and levocarnitine prophylaxis against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in adult breast cancer patients. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2023:10781552231171114. View abstract.