Cor 6X 2 g • Cactus Grandiflorus 4X 2 g • Each 10 g (10.2 ml) serving contains: Aurum Metallicum 15X 2 g • Crataegus 3X 2 g • Onopordum MT 0.2 g • Primula veris MT 0.2 g • Hyoscyamus niger MT 0.2 g. Other Ingredients: Alcohol 20% v/v.
Brand name products often contain multiple ingredients. To read detailed information about each ingredient, click on the link for the individual ingredient shown above.
This is a homeopathic preparation. Homeopathy is a system of medicine established in the 19th century by a German physician named Samuel Hahnemann. Its basic principles are that "like treats like" and "potentiation through dilution." For example, in homeopathy, diarrhea would be treated with an extreme dilution of a substance that normally causes diarrhea when taken in high doses.
Practitioners of homeopathy believe that more dilute preparations are more potent. Many homeopathic preparations are so diluted that they contain little or no active ingredient. Therefore, most homeopathic products are not expected to have any pharmacological effects, drug interactions, or other harmful effects. Any beneficial effects are controversial and cannot be explained by current scientific methods.
Dilutions of 1 to 10 are designated by an "X." So a 1X dilution = 1:10, 3X=1:1000; 6X=1:1,000,000. Dilutions of 1 to 100 are designated by a "C." So a 1C dilution = 1:100; 3C = 1:1,000,000. Dilutions of 24X or 12C or more contain zero molecules of the original active ingredient.
Homeopathic products are permitted for sale in the US due to legislation passed in 1938 sponsored by a homeopathic physician who was also a Senator. The law still requires that the FDA allow the sale of products listed in the Homeopathic Pharmacopeia of the United States. However, homeopathic preparations are not held to the same safety and effectiveness standards as conventional medicines. For more information, see the Homeopathy monograph.
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Crataegus Compound. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the effectiveness of cereus.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
There is insufficient reliable information available about the effectiveness of henbane.
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Crataegus Compound. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when the flower or stem is used orally for non-cardiac conditions (12). Although it contains cactine, which may have a digitalis-like effect, there are no reports of human toxicity (12).
POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when used orally to self-medicate for cardiac conditions. There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of cereus for its other uses.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when used orally. Cowslip has been used with apparent safety in combination with other herbs (SinuComp, Sinupret, Sinupret +, Bronchipret) (374,379,13557).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when used orally and appropriately, short-term. Hawthorn preparations in doses of up to 1800 mg daily seem to be safe when used for up to 16 weeks. Although hawthorn might be safe for long-term use, current studies have not evaluated safety past 16 weeks (8279,8280,8281,10144,17203,104689). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of hawthorn when used topically.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when henbane leaf is used orally and appropriately, short-term. Henbane leaf powder has been used with apparent safety in single doses of up to 1 gram, which have been standardized to contain 500-700 mg of total alkaloids. The maximum daily dosage should not exceed 3 grams, corresponding to 1500-2100 mg of total alkaloids (2,18).
LIKELY UNSAFE ...when the leaf is used orally in doses above 3 grams daily. This maximum tolerated dose contains 1500-2100 mg of total alkaloids, which include hyoscyamine and scopolamine. These alkaloids have a narrow therapeutic range; excessive doses can cause poisoning and death (2,18). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of henbane seed and flower.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: LIKELY UNSAFE
when used orally because of its risk of poisoning (18).
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Crataegus Compound. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
Cereus may potentiate the actions of cardiac glycosides and may enhance the effect of other cardiac drugs (6002).
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Theoretically, excessive doses of cereus may interact with MAOIs, because of the tyramine content (4).
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Theoretically, hawthorn may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
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In vitro and animal research shows that hawthorn can inhibit platelet aggregation (95528,95529,95530,95531). However, its effect in humans is unclear. One observational study shows that patients taking hawthorn shortly before undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery or valve replacement surgery have a 10% incidence of postoperative bleeding, compared with 1% in those who never consumed hawthorn extract (95527). However, clinical research shows that taking a specific preparation of dried hawthorn leaves and flowers (Crataesor, Soria Natural Lab) 800 mg three times daily for 15 days does not affect platelet aggregation or levels of thromboxane B2, the metabolite of thromboxane A2, in healthy humans (54664).
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Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive effects on blood pressure and heart rate.
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Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive coronary vasodilation and hypotensive effects.
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Theoretically, hawthorn might potentiate the effects and adverse effects of digoxin.
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Theoretically, concomitant use might cause additive coronary vasodilatory effects.
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Theoretically, concomitant use might result in additive vasodilation and hypotension.
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Hawthorn might inhibit PDE-5 and cause vasodilation (12595).
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Concomitant use of henbane can have additive anticholinergic effects and adverse effects with amantadine, antihistamines, atropine, belladonna alkaloids, hyoscyamine, phenothiazines, procainamide, scopolamine, and tricyclic antidepressants (2).
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Crataegus Compound. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General ...Orally, cowslip in combination with other herbs is generally well tolerated (95907). Studies show it can cause gastrointestinal adverse effects and allergic skin reactions (374,379,13557).
Dermatologic ...Orally, cowslip in combination with other herbs can cause allergic skin reactions (374,379,13557).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, cowslip in combination with other herbs can cause gastrointestinal adverse effects (374,379,13557).
General
...Orally, hawthorn seems to be well tolerated when used appropriately.
Topically, no adverse effects have been reported, although a thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: Multiorgan hypersensitivity reactions resulting in acute renal failure have been reported rarely.
Cardiovascular ...Orally, tachycardia (with facial pains) of uncertain relationship to hawthorn was reported in a multicenter clinical trial (54640). Palpitations (19244) were reported in three patients in a large surveillance trial of 3,664 patients with cardiac failure (54692) and in 11 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) in a literature review of 5,577 patients (19247). Circulation failure has been reported in two patients with CHF in a literature review of 5,577 patients (19247). Incidences of hospitalization, hospitalization due to CHF, worsening of CHF, angina, and atrial fibrillation have also been reported with the use of hawthorn extract WS 1442 (Crataegutt forte), although it is unclear if these events are related to hawthorn supplementation or existing CHF (19222). In clinical trials, chest pain (8281), short-term increases in blood pressure (19240), and other non-specific heart problems (17203) have also been reported following the use of various hawthorn preparations (e.g. WS 1442, Korodin).
Dermatologic ...Orally, erythematous rash has been reported in patients with CHF in a literature review of 5,577 patients (19247). Non-specific rashes and itching (19222,19243) as well as toxiderma from the fruits of hawthorn (54670) have also been reported.
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, rare abdominal discomfort of uncertain relationship to hawthorn has been reported in a large clinical trial, surveillance study, and a literature review (19247,54640,54692). Digestive intolerance (19241), diarrhea (19243), flatulence (8281), gastroenteritis (8281), increased bowel movements (19243), obstipation (8281), mild and rare nausea (10144,19247,19244), nutritional and metabolic problems (17203), and other non-specific gastrointestinal effects (19222), have also been reported. Furthermore, gastrointestinal hemorrhage has been reported in two patients with CHF in a literature review of 5,577 patients (19247).
Musculoskeletal ...In clinical trials, arthritis (8281), back pain (8281), weakness (19243), and other non-specific musculoskeletal effects (19222) have been reported following the use of various hawthorn preparations g. WS 1442, CKBM-A01).
Neurologic/CNS ...Orally, headache and dizziness/vertigo were reported in two patients in a large surveillance trial of 3,664 patients with cardiac failure (54692), in 15 patients with CHF as reported in a literature review of 5,577 patients (19247), and in a varying number of clinical trial participants (8281,19222,19244). Incidences of fainting (19222), fever (17203), and infrequent, mild and transient sleepiness have also been reported (19221,54692).
Psychiatric ...Orally, agitation was reported in a large surveillance trial of 3,664 patients with cardiac failure (54692).
Pulmonary/Respiratory ...Orally, bronchitis has been reported following the use of hawthorn extract WS 1442 (8281).
Renal ...A case of multiorgan hypersensitivity reaction and acute renal failure following the consumption of C. orientalis has been reported (54654).
Other ...Flu-like syndrome (8281) and other non-specific infections have been reported following the use of the hawthorn extract WS 1442 (17203,19222). Hawthorn has also been reported to cause nosebleeds (8281,10144).
General ...Orally, henbane can cause anticholinergic effects including dry mouth, vision disturbances, tachycardia, difficult urination, constipation, and skin flushing (2,18). At higher doses, poisoning can occur due to the hyoscyamine and scopolamine constituents of henbane. Symptoms of toxicity include hyperpyrexia and somnolence, followed by CNS stimulation with restlessness, hallucinations, delirium, memory impairment, ataxia, and manic episodes, followed by exhaustion and coma. Henbane can cause death by asphyxiation (2,18,100917).
Cardiovascular ...Orally, henbane can cause tachycardia, especially at higher doses (2,18,100917).
Dermatologic ...Orally, henbane reduces sweating, resulting in flushing of the skin and hyperpyrexia (2,18,100917).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, henbane causes reduced muscle activity in the bowel, leading to constipation (2,18,100917).
Genitourinary ...Orally, henbane can cause difficulty with urination (2,18,100917).
Neurologic/CNS ...Orally, high doses of henbane can cause toxicity due to its hyoscyamine and scopolamine constituents. Neurologic symptoms of henbane toxicity include somnolence, followed by CNS excitation involving restlessness, hallucinations, memory impairment, delirium, and manic episodes, followed by exhaustion and coma (2,18,100917).
Ocular/Otic ...Orally, high doses of henbane can cause toxicity due to its hyoscyamine and scopolamine constituents. Ocular symptoms of henbane toxicity include visual disturbances (2,18,100917).
Other ...Orally, high doses of henbane can cause toxicity due to its hyoscyamine and scopolamine constituents. Toxicity can result in coma and death by asphyxiation in some cases (2,18,100917). Treatment of henbane toxicity includes stomach lavage, activated charcoal, supportive therapy, and, in severe cases, the antidote physostigmine (100917).