Ingredients | Amount per Serving |
---|---|
Proprietary Blend
|
700 mg |
(Spirulina )
|
|
Plant Derived Trace Minerals
|
|
DELETE
|
|
(leaf)
|
|
(leaf)
|
|
(Lactobacillus acidophilus )
|
|
(hulls)
|
|
Kelp
|
Gelatin Note: capsule
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Earth Zyme. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Earth Zyme. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when the leaves are used orally and appropriately, short-term (4,6,12).
LIKELY UNSAFE ...when large amounts are used long-term. Chronic ingestion of alfalfa has been associated with drug-induced lupus effects (381,14828,30602).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: POSSIBLY UNSAFE
when used orally in medicinal amounts.
Alfalfa contains constituents with possible estrogenic activity (4,11,30592).
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally and appropriately in food amounts (4819,4820,4821,5104,10166,10435,11134,11463,11986,92818). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of barley when used orally in medicinal amounts or when applied topically.
PREGNANCY: LIKELY SAFE
when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods (19).
PREGNANCY: POSSIBLY UNSAFE
when barley sprouts are consumed in relatively high doses.
Excessive amounts of barley sprouts should not be consumed during pregnancy (19).
LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
LIKELY SAFE ...when the fruit (nut) is consumed in amounts normally found in food.
POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when the bark is used orally or topically, due to its juglone content (2). When applied topically, juglone-containing bark can cause skin irritation. When used orally on a daily basis, the juglone-containing bark of a related species (English walnut) is associated with increased risk of tongue cancer and lip leukoplakia (2,12). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of the leaf or hull when used orally as a medicine or when applied topically.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: LIKELY SAFE
when the fruit (nut) is consumed in amounts normally found in foods.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: POSSIBLY UNSAFE
when the bark is used orally or topically (12); avoid using.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of black walnut leaf or hull when used orally in medicinal amounts during pregnancy or lactation; avoid using.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when non-contaminated species of spirulina blue-green algae are used orally and appropriately (91713). The blue-green algae species Arthrospira platensis has been used with apparent safety in doses up to 19 grams daily for 2 months, or 10 grams daily for 6 months (18296,18300,18306,75944,91705,99703,104567,109965). The blue-green algae species Arthrospira fusiformis has been used with apparent safety in doses up to 4 grams daily for 3 months, or 1 gram daily for 12 months (15782,91717). Another blue-green algae species, Arthrospira maxima, has been used with apparent safety in a dose of 4.5 grams daily for up to 12 weeks (18297,99654,99655,102688). ...when non-contaminated, non-toxin producing strains of blue-green algae from the Aphanizomenon flos-aquae species are used orally and appropriately. Doses up to 1.6 grams daily have been used with apparent safety for up to 6 months (14842,18310). Some blue-green algae species can produce toxins called microcystins. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the tolerable daily intake of microcystins in adults is 0.04 mcg/kg (96549).
POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when contaminated blue-green algae are used orally. Blue-green algae can be contaminated with heavy metals (including mercury, cadmium, lead, or arsenic), neurotoxins, and toxic microcystin-producing cyanobacteria such as Microcystis aeruginosa (9171,75966,91704,91711,96550). Microcystins are most commonly reported in the blue-green algae species Aphanizomenon flos-aquae harvested from Upper Klamath Lake in Oregon. The Oregon Department of Health has set a limit of 1 mcg of microcystin-LR equivalents per gram dry weight of blue-green algae, assuming consumption of about 2 grams/day by adults (91704,91713). However, many samples of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae have been reported to contain higher levels than this (9171,91704). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the tolerable daily intake of microcystins in adults is 0.04 mcg/kg (96549). When consumed orally, microcystins accumulate in the liver, binding to and inhibiting protein phosphatases, causing hepatocyte damage and possible tumor promotion (9171). Aphanizomenon flos-aquae can also produce neurotoxic compounds that may be present in supplements containing this organism (91704).
CHILDREN: POSSIBLY UNSAFE
when blue-green algae products are used orally.
Blue-green algae can accumulate heavy metals such as lead and mercury (91704,91711). They can also contain toxic microcystins produced by contaminating species of cyanobacteria such a Microcystis aeruginosa (91704). Children are more sensitive to poisoning by microcystins (3536). The Oregon Department of Health has set a limit for microcystins of 1 mcg per gram dry weight of blue-green algae, but some countries have set very low exposure limits of 0.2 mcg per day and 0.8 mcg per day for infants and children, respectively (91704).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Some blue-green algae products, specifically those of the species Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, have been found to contain low amounts of beta-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA). BMAA is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, and breast milk has been shown to be a potential source of BMAA exposure in infants (96550).
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally and appropriately. Lactobacillus acidophilus has been safely used as part of multi-ingredient probiotic products in studies lasting up to nine months (1731,6087,14370,14371,90231,90296,92255,103438,12775,107581)(110950,110970,110979,110998,111785,111793). ...when used intravaginally and appropriately. L. acidophilus has been used safely in studies lasting up to 12 weeks (12108,13176,13177,90265). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of non-viable, heat-killed L. acidophilus formulations when used orally.
CHILDREN: LIKELY SAFE
when used orally and appropriately in children of most ages.
Lactobacillus acidophilus has been safely used for up to 5 days (96887). Also, combination probiotics containing L. acidophilus have been used with apparent safety in various doses and durations. L. acidophilus has been combined with Bifidobacterium animalis (HOWARU Protect, Danisco) for up to 6 months in children 3-5 years old (16847), with Bifidobacterium bifidum for 6 weeks (90602,96890), with Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (Complete Probiotic Platinum) for 18 months in children 4 months to 5 years of age (103436), and in a specific product (Visbiome, ExeGi Pharma) containing a total of 8 species for 3 months in children 2-12 years old (107497). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of L. acidophilus in preterm infants with a birth weight under 1000 grams. Cases of bacteremia have occurred rarely in preterm infants given other probiotics (102416,111610,111612,111613,111850,111852,111853). The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a warning about cases of serious infections caused by probiotics reported in very preterm or very low birth weight infants under 1000 grams (111610). Similarly, the American Academy of Pediatrics does not support the routine administration of probiotics to these infants due to conflicting data on safety and efficacy (111608).
PREGNANCY: POSSIBLY SAFE
when used orally and appropriately.
A combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, and Bifidobacterium bifidum has been used with apparent safety for 6 weeks, starting at 24-28 weeks' gestation (95416,98430).
LACTATION:
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of Lactobacillus acidophilus during lactation.
However, there are currently no reasons to expect safety concerns when used appropriately.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Earth Zyme. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
Theoretically, alfalfa might increase the risk of hypoglycemia when taken with antidiabetes drugs.
Details
|
Theoretically, alfalfa might interfere with the activity of contraceptive drugs.
Details
|
Theoretically, alfalfa might interfere with hormone therapy.
Details
|
Theoretically, alfalfa might decrease the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy.
Details
|
Theoretically, concomitant use of alfalfa with photosensitizing drugs might have additive effects.
Details
Animal research suggests that excessive doses of alfalfa may increase photosensitivity, possibly due to its chlorophyll content (106043). It is unclear if this effect would be clinically relevant in humans.
|
Theoretically, alfalfa might reduce the anticoagulant activity of warfarin.
Details
|
Theoretically, barley might decrease the clinical effects of triclabendazole.
Details
Animal research suggests that a diet supplemented with barley can reduce the bioavailability of triclabendazole when taken concomitantly (23884). This effect has not been shown in humans.
|
Theoretically, spirulina blue-green algae might increase the risk of bleeding if used with other anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs. However, this is unlikely.
Details
Spirulina blue-green algae have shown antiplatelet and anticoagulant effects in vitro (18311,18312,75892,92162,92163). However, one preliminary study in 24 patients receiving spirulina blue-green algae 2.3 grams daily for 2 weeks showed no effect on platelet activation or measures of clotting time (97202).
|
Theoretically, taking blue-green algae with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Details
Human research shows that spirulina blue-green algae can have hypoglycemic effects in patients with diabetes, at least some of whom were using antidiabetes drugs (18299). However, blue-green algae does not seem to improve glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with diabetes (102689,109970). A meta-analysis of animal studies also suggests that spirulina blue-green algae have hypoglycemic effects (109970).
|
Theoretically, concurrent use of blue-green algae might interfere with immunosuppressive therapy.
Details
|
Theoretically, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus with antibiotic drugs might decrease the effectiveness of L. acidophilus.
Details
L. acidophilus preparations usually contain live and active organisms. Therefore, simultaneously taking antibiotics might kill a significant number of the organisms (1740). Tell patients to separate administration of antibiotics and L. acidophilus preparations by at least two hours.
|
Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Earth Zyme. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General
...Orally, alfalfa leaf seems to be well tolerated.
However, a thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, and flatulence.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: Lupus-like syndrome after chronic ingestion of alfalfa.
Dermatologic ...Dermatitis associated with alfalfa use has been reported. In a 1954 publication, dermatitis was noted in a 61-year-old female consuming 4-6 cups of tea made with two tablespoonfuls of alfalfa seeds for approximately two months prior to onset. Examination revealed diffuse, confluent edema and erythema on the face, eyelids, ears, hands, forearms, and distal humeral regions. The dermatitis improved with treatment; re-exposure to alfalfa resulted in a similar reaction (30609).
Endocrine
...Alfalfa contains constituents, including coumestrol, with reported estrogenic activity (30586,30592,4753).
Effects in humans are not known.
One case report documents hypokalemia in a female who had been drinking a "cleansing tea" containing alfalfa, licorice, and stinging nettle. The potassium level returned to normal after discontinuing the tea and initiating potassium supplementation. The specific cause of the hypokalemia is not clear. Notably, both stinging nettle and licorice have been associated with hypokalemia and may have been responsible for this effect (30562).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, flatulence and bulkier feces were reported during the first week of a case series of three subjects ingesting alfalfa (30598). In a case series of 15 patients ingesting alfalfa, increased fecal volume and increased stool frequency was reported. Additional adverse effects included abdominal discomfort in two patients, diarrhea in two patients, loose stools in six patients, and intestinal gas in 13 patients (5816).
Hematologic ...Pancytopenia and splenomegaly were reported in a 59-year-old male who had been taking 80-160 grams of ground alfalfa seeds for up to six weeks at a time, for a five month period. Hematologic values and spleen size returned to normal when alfalfa was discontinued (381).
Other
...Alfalfa products, including sprouts, seeds, and tablets, have been found to be contaminated with Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Listeria monocytogenes, which have caused documented infections (5600,30566,30568,30572,30569,30564,30604,30610,30563,30607) (30566,30564,30604,30610,30563,30607,30576).
Orally, alfalfa has been associated with the development of a lupus-like syndrome in animals and humans (30594,14828,14830,30602), as well as with possible exacerbations of lupus in patients with known systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These reactions may be associated with the amino acid L-canavanine (30594), which appears to be present in alfalfa seeds and sprouts, but not leaves, and therefore should not be present in alfalfa tablets manufactured from the leaves (30601). However, case reports have included individuals ingesting tablets. A lupus-like syndrome was described in four patients taking 12-24 alfalfa tablets per day. Symptoms included arthralgias, myalgias, and rash; positive antinuclear antibodies (ANA) arose anywhere from three weeks to seven months after initiating alfalfa therapy. Upon discontinuation of alfalfa tablets, all four patients became asymptomatic. In two patients, ANA levels normalized (14828). Two additional reports have documented possible exacerbation or induction of SLE associated with alfalfa use. One case involved a female with a 26-year history of SLE, who had been taking 15 tablets of alfalfa daily for nine months prior to an exacerbation. Because of the delay in onset of the exacerbation from the initiation of alfalfa therapy, causation cannot be clearly established (30575). In a different report, SLE and arthritis were found in multiple family members who had been taking a combination of vitamin E and alfalfa tablets for seven years (30602). It is not known what other environmental or genetic factors may have affected these individuals, and the association with alfalfa is unclear.
General
...Orally, barley is well tolerated.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Abdominal distension, bloating, flatulence, unpleasant taste. Allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
Topically: Allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
Dermatologic ...Topically, barley malt contained in beer has been reported to cause contact dermatitis (33762). After occupational exposure, barley has been reported to cause contact dermatitis of the eyelids and extremities, as well as contact urticaria (33735,33770,33774).
Gastrointestinal
...When consumed orally, barley provides fiber.
Increasing fiber in the diet can cause flatulence, bloating, abdominal distention, and unpleasant taste. To minimize side effects, doses should be slowly titrated to the desired level. Adverse effects usually subside with continued use (12514).
Barley contains gluten. In patients with biopsy-proven celiac disease, consuming barley can cause gastrointestinal upset and impairment of xylose excretion (33763,33772).
Immunologic
...Orally, consumption of beer has been reported to cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals (33722,33724).
Symptoms included tingling in the face, lip, and tongue, angioedema, generalized urticaria, chest tightness, dyspnea, cough, fainting, and rhinoconjunctivitis. It can also cause anaphylaxis in sensitive individuals (317). Topically and with occupational exposure, barley has been reported to cause contact dermatitis and rash (33762,33735,33770,33774).
"Bakers' asthma" is an allergic response resulting from the inhalation of cereal flours by workers in the baking and milling industries, and has been reported to occur after barley flour exposure (1300,33756,33760). Cross-allergenicity has been shown to exist between different cereals (33758).
Pulmonary/Respiratory
..."Bakers' asthma" is an allergic response resulting from the inhalation of cereal flours by workers in the baking and milling industries, and has been reported to occur after barley flour exposure (1300,33756,33760).
Cross-allergenicity has been shown to exist between different cereals (33758).
By inhalation, barley flours may be a source of allergens in asthma (33764,33773). Inhalation of wild barley grass pollen may result in bronchial irritation or pneumonitis (33726,33755).
General
...Orally, black walnut fruit (nut) is well tolerated.
However, the leaf, bark, and hull of black walnut contain high quantities of tannins, which may cause adverse effects when used orally or topically.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: The leaf, bark, and hull can cause gastrointestinal upset.
Topically: Hull preparations may cause a temporary yellow or brown discoloration at the site of application. The leaf, bark, and hull can cause skin irritation.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: The bark may increase the risk for tongue cancer or lip leukoplakia when used long-term.
All routes of administration: Allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.
Dermatologic ...Topically, black walnut leaf, bark, or hull may have an irritating effect on the skin due to tannin content. Black walnut hull preparations might cause a temporary yellow or brown discoloration of the skin at the site of application (12).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, black walnut leaf, bark, or hull may cause gastrointestinal upset due to tannin content (12). Also, daily use of the juglone-containing bark of a related species (English walnut) is associated with increased risk of tongue cancer and lip leukoplakia (2,12).
Hepatic ...Orally, black walnut leaf, bark, or hull may cause liver damage if taken for extended periods of time due to tannin content (12).
Immunologic ...Tree nuts, which include black walnuts, can cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Due to the prevalence of this allergy in the general population, tree nuts are classified as a major food allergen in the United States (105410).
Renal ...Orally, black walnut leaf, bark, or hull may cause kidney damage if taken for extended periods of time due to tannin content (12).
General
...Orally, spirulina blue-green algae seem to be well tolerated.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Abdominal cramps, bloating, diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, flatulence, headache, nausea, and vomiting.
Dermatologic ...Orally, a severe rash has been reported in a 49-year-old woman after taking a spirulina blue-green algae supplement (species and dose unknown). After stopping the supplement, inflammatory myopathy with muscle weakness and elevated creatine kinase occurred. The condition resolved with corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide treatment (75936). In another case report, an 82 year-old woman developed a blistering skin condition over a 2-year period while taking spirulina blue-green algae (A. platensis, dose unknown). She had partly hemorrhagic bullae, secreting erosions and macerations. These symptoms resolved when the supplement was stopped and the patient was treated with oral prednisone, topical silver sulfadiazine, and topical triamcinolone / neomycin (75921).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, gastrointestinal complaints are amongst the most common adverse effects associated with spirulina blue-green algae, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps (19272,75924,91713,109969). Similarly, common adverse effects associated with the blue-green algae species Aphanizomenon flos-aquae are stomach upset, flatulence, diarrhea, and bloating (14842).
Hematologic ...Orally, three cases of mild gum bleeding and one case of mild bruising have been reported in patients taking spirulina blue-green algae (Cyactiv, Cerule LLC) 2. 3 grams daily (containing approximately 1 gram of phycocanin) for 2 weeks (97202).
Hepatic ...Orally, significant elevations of liver function tests within 2 weeks of starting a spirulina blue-green algae supplement (species and dose unknown) have been reported in a 52-year-old man stabilized on amlodipine, simvastatin, and acarbose. A biopsy showed feathery degeneration and ballooning of hepatic cells. Cholestasis was present, and an ex-vivo lymphocyte stimulation test for spirulina blue-green algae was positive. All drugs and the spirulina blue-green algae supplement were stopped, with return of the LFTs to normal (9172).
Immunologic
...Orally, urticarial rashes and pruritus have occurred as part of generalized allergic reactions to blue-green algae (91706,91711,91712).
In one case report, a 14-year-old male experienced anaphylaxis with urticaria, lip edema, and asthma 6 hours after taking five tablets of spirulina blue-green algae (A. platensis, strength unknown). He had a positive skin prick test. Oral challenge to an extract of the tablets, and IgE from his serum, reacted with the beta chain of C-phycocyanin from A. platensis (91712).
In another case report, a 17-year-old male with a history of multiple allergies developed rash, pruritus, angioedema, wheezing, and dyspnea within 10 minutes of taking spirulina blue-green algae (A. platensis) 300 mg. He had a positive skin test to A. platensis but no other ingredients of the tablets (91706).
Musculoskeletal ...Orally, after a 49-year-old woman stopped taking a spirulina blue-green algae supplement (species and dose unknown), the patient experienced inflammatory myopathy with muscle weakness and elevated creatine kinase. The condition resolved with corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide treatment (75936). Another case report describes acute rhabdomyolysis that occurred after consumption of spirulina (Arthrospira platensis, Hawaiian spirulina, Solgar Inc., Leonia, NJ) 3 grams daily for 1 month. The 24-year old man presented with weakness, myalgias, elevated creatine kinase and liver function tests, and myoglobinuria (75922).
General
...Orally and intravaginally, Lactobacillus acidophilus is generally well tolerated.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Mild gastrointestinal adverse effects.
Intravaginally: Vaginal discharge.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: There is concern that L. acidophilus may cause infections in some people.
Dermatologic ...Orally, in one clinical trial, a combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei F19, and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lacltis BB-12 was associated with two cases of rash, one with itching. However, it is not clear if these adverse effects were due to L. acidophilus, other ingredients, the combination, or if the events were idiosyncratic (90236).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, taking Lactobacillus acidophilus in combination with other probiotics may cause gastrointestinal side effects including epigastric discomfort (90239), abdominal pain (90239,90291,111785), dyspepsia (90239), flatulence (107497,107520), bloating (107497,111785), diarrhea (111785), vomiting (107537), and burping (90239); however, these events are uncommon.
Genitourinary ...Intravaginally, cream containing Lactobacillus acidophilus has been shown to cause increased vaginal discharge in about 5% of patients, compared to about 1% of patients receiving placebo cream (90237). Vaginal burning was reported by one person using intravaginal L. acidophilus and Limosilactobacillus fermentum in a clinical trial (111781).
Immunologic ...Since Lactobacillus acidophilus preparations contain live and active microorganisms, there is some concern that they might cause pathogenic infection in some patients. L. acidophilus has been isolated in some cases of bacteremia, sepsis, splenic abscess, liver abscess, endocarditis, necrotizing fasciitis, pancreatic necrosis, and meningoencephalitis. Most of these cases are thought to be due to the translocation of bacteria from other locations in the body in which they occur naturally, such as the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract (107543,111782,111792). L. acidophilus endophthalmitis has been reported rarely (111787,111795). In one case, it was related to intravitreal injections for age-related macular degeneration in a 90-year-old female with an intraocular lens (111787). In another, it occurred following cataract surgery (111795).