Ingredients | Amount Per Serving |
---|---|
Chromium Chelavite Amino Acid Chelate
|
60 mcg |
Sytrinol
(Proprietary Blend of natural Citrus, and Palm Fruit extract)
(Sytrinol (Form: Proprietary Blend of natural Citrus, and Palm Fruit extract) )
|
150 mg |
Milk Thistle extract
(Silybum marianum )
(fruit/seeds)
(min. 80% Silymarin)
(Milk Thistle extract (Form: min. 80% Silymarin) PlantPart: fruit/seeds Genus: Silybum Species: marianum )
|
50 mg |
50 mg | |
(from Sugar Cane)
(Policosanol (Form: from Sugar Cane) )
|
10 mg |
Rice Flour, Cellulose Note: capsule, Tapioca Flour, Magnesium Stearate Note: vegetable source, Silica
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Sytrinol. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Sytrinol. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when used orally and appropriately. Alpha-lipoic acid has been used with apparent safety in doses of up to 2 grams daily for 3 months to 2 years. Lower doses of 600 mg daily have been used with apparent safety for up to 4 years (3540,3541,3542,20479,96449,97630,101867,101869,103327,103333)(103335,104651,104660). ...when used topically and appropriately. A cream containing alpha-lipoic acid 5% has been used with apparent safety in clinical trials lasting up to 12 weeks (12021). ...when given intravenously and appropriately. Intravenous alpha-lipoic acid has been used safely in doses of up to 6000 mg weekly in clinical trials lasting up to 3 weeks (3540,3557,10148,12106).
CHILDREN: POSSIBLY SAFE
when used orally and appropriately.
Alpha-lipoic acid has been used with apparent safety in doses of up to 600 mg daily for 3 months in children aged 10-17 years (103330).
CHILDREN: POSSIBLY UNSAFE
when used orally in amounts over 600 mg daily.
At least five cases of alpha-lipoic acid intoxication have been reported for children aged 14 months to 16 years who consumed alpha-lipoic acid at doses up to 226 mg/kg (approximately 2400 mg). Symptoms of alpha-lipoic acid-induced intoxication included seizures, acidosis, vomiting, and unconsciousness (90444,96227,96234,104653).
PREGNANCY: POSSIBLY SAFE
when used orally and appropriately, short-term.
Alpha-lipoic acid has been used safely during pregnancy at doses up to 600 mg daily for up to 4 weeks (96222).
LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally and appropriately in medicinal amounts. Policosanol seems to be safe when used in doses of 5-80 mg daily for up to 3 years (2927,2928,2929,2930,2931,2943,2944,12166,14298,14336)(14404,14411,65383,89438,89454,89451,100178,103832).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Sytrinol. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
Theoretically, the antioxidant effects of alpha-lipoic acid might alter the effectiveness of alkylating agents.
Details
The use of antioxidants like alpha-lipoic acid during chemotherapy is controversial. There are concerns that antioxidants could reduce the activity of chemotherapy drugs that generate free radicals (391). However, some researchers theorize that antioxidants might make chemotherapy more effective by reducing oxidative stress that might interfere with apoptosis (cell death) of cancer cells (14012,14013). More evidence is needed to determine what effect, if any, antioxidants such as alpha-lipoic acid have on chemotherapy. Advise patients to consult their oncologist before using alpha-lipoic acid.
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Theoretically, alpha-lipoic acid may have antiplatelet effects and may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Details
In vitro, alpha-lipoic acid inhibits platelet aggregation (98682).
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Theoretically, taking alpha-lipoic acid with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Details
Although some small clinical studies have suggested that alpha-lipoic acid can lower blood glucose levels (3545,3874,3875,3876,20490,20493,104650), larger clinical studies in patients with diabetes have shown no clinically meaningful effect (20494,20495,20496,90443,90445,110118). Additionally, co-administration of single doses of alpha-lipoic acid and glyburide or acarbose did not cause detectable drug interactions in healthy volunteers (3870).
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Theoretically, the antioxidant effects of alpha-lipoic acid might alter the effectiveness of antitumor antibiotics.
Details
The use of antioxidants like alpha-lipoic acid during chemotherapy is controversial. There are concerns that antioxidants could reduce the activity of antitumor antibiotic drugs, which work by generating free radicals (391). However, some researchers theorize that antioxidants might make chemotherapy more effective by reducing oxidative stress that might interfere with apoptosis (cell death) of cancer cells (14012,14013). More evidence is needed to determine what effect, if any, antioxidants such as alpha-lipoic acid have on chemotherapy involving antitumor antibiotics. Advise patients to consult their oncologist before using alpha-lipoic acid.
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Theoretically, alpha-lipoic acid might decrease the effects of thyroid hormone drugs.
Details
Animal research suggests that co-administration of thyroxine with alpha-lipoic acid reduces conversion into the active T3 form (8946).
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Theoretically, taking policosanol with other antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs might increase the risk of bruising and bleeding.
Details
Some clinical research shows that taking policosanol 10-50 mg daily for 7-15 days can inhibit platelet aggregation in healthy patients (2936,2937,2938,103832). Although, one clinical trial shows that taking policosanol 10 mg twice daily for 2 weeks prior to warfarin dosing does not affect warfarin pharmacokinetics or warfarin response (20083). Furthermore, a study in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with a drug-eluting stent found that taking policosanol 40 mg plus clopidogrel and aspirin daily for 30 days modestly reduced the risk for minor bleeding events when compared with taking clopidogrel and aspirin alone (100684). Until more is known, use with caution.
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Theoretically, policosanol might have additive effects with antidiabetes drugs and increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Details
Clinical research shows that policosanol can lower blood glucose levels (100178).
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Concomitant use of policosanol with beta-blockers can cause additive blood pressure-lowering effects.
Details
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Theoretically, concomitant use of policosanol with nitroprusside might cause additive blood pressure-lowering effects.
Details
Animal research shows that taking policosanol along with nitroprusside can increase the blood pressure-lowering effects of nitroprusside (65374).
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Theoretically, taking policosanol with warfarin might increase the risk of bruising and bleeding.
Details
Some clinical research shows that taking policosanol 10-50 mg daily for 7-15 days can inhibit platelet aggregation in healthy patients (2936,2937,2938). However, one clinical trial shows that taking policosanol 10 mg twice daily for 2 weeks prior to warfarin dosing does not affect warfarin pharmacokinetics or warfarin response (20083).
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Sytrinol. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General
...Alpha-lipoic acid appears to be generally well tolerated when used orally, intravenously, or topically.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Headache, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting.
Topically: Irritation and rash.
Intravenously: Nausea and vomiting.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: Case reports have raised concerns about insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS).
Cardiovascular ...Orally, hypotension has been reported rarely in a clinical trial (104650).
Dermatologic ...Orally, skin rash and itching have been reported after use of alpha-lipoic acid (16391,20490,21674,96233,104650). Topically, alpha-lipoic acid can cause local irritation, including burning, stinging, mild rash, or contact dermatitis (12021,30836,111701). In one case, an 86-year-old female developed allergic contact dermatitis with severe itching and oozing after applying alpha-lipoic acid 5% cream to her lower extremities. The patient had a positive skin patch test for alpha-lipoic acid, confirming the causative agent (111701). In another case, a 47-year-old female developed contact dermatitis characterized by a pruritic rash and labial adhesions hours after applying a 5% vulvar serum containing lipoic acid 0.9 grams, vitamin E, vitamin C, hyaluronic acid, and retinol palmitate to the vulva to treat vulvar lichen sclerosis. Testing confirmed that the causative agent was alpha-lipoic acid (111704). Intravenously, local allergic reactions have occurred at the injection site (1547).
Endocrine ...Orally, at least 50 published cases of insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) thought to be associated with use of alpha-lipoic acid have been reported (16392,104656,104657,104658,104659,107893,112941). Most reported cases have been associated with alpha-lipoic acid supplements or enriched foods; IAS has not been reported with intake of alpha-lipoic acid in food. IAS has been linked to compounds, such as alpha-lipoic acid, that contain sulfhydryl groups, but it is unclear if taking alpha-lipoic acid with other drugs known to trigger IAS increases the risk (107893,112941). IAS is characterized by very high serum insulin levels and high titers of autoantibodies against endogenous insulin. Sulfhydryl groups interact with disulfide bonds of insulin, increasing its immunogenicity (112941). Symptoms include severe spontaneous hypoglycemic episodes, as well as hunger and neuroglycopenic symptoms such as blurred vision, weakness, confusion, dizziness, sweating, and palpitations (104656,104657,107893,112941). Time to onset of IAS ranges from 1 week to 4 months (107893). Most cases of IAS have been reported in Japan and have occurred in individuals with the human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1*04:06 allele (16392,104656,107893). For patients of European decent, cases of IAS have mainly occurred in individuals with the HLA-DRB1*04:03 allele (104656,104658,104659,107893). This suggests that either of these alleles might produce a genetic predisposition to alpha-lipoic acid-associated IAS. Reported doses of alpha-lipoic acid have ranged from 200-800 mg daily, most commonly 600 mg daily (104656,104658,104659,107893). IAS-related hypoglycemic episodes have been treated with oral or intravenous glucose or sucrose, as well as prednisone. Episodes decline following discontinuation of alpha-lipoic acid, and insulin values normalize within 3-9 months (104656,104658,104659,107893).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting have been reported after use of alpha-lipoic acid (3557,12106,16391,20475,30844,96225,101868,103327,103328,103333)(103335,104650,104654,104655). Higher doses (1200-1800 mg daily) seem to cause more severe effects than lower doses (600 mg daily) (3557,20475,30844,96225). Alpha-lipoic acid may also cause a burning sensation from the throat to the stomach, abdominal discomfort, or bitter taste when used orally (20478,20490,21664,96225). Intravenously, alpha-lipoic acid can cause gastrointestinal upset, including nausea and vomiting. Adverse effects are more common in patients receiving higher intravenous doses (3557) and may be more common in the elderly (96225).
Genitourinary ...Orally, alpha-lipoic acid may cause urinary disorders (20479). Oral alpha-lipoic acid has also been associated with a change in urine odor (96225,103327).
Neurologic/CNS
...Orally, alpha-lipoic acid may cause headache (21664,103328,104655) or dizziness (104650).
Intravenously, paresthesias have been reported to worsen temporarily at the beginning of therapy. Also, intravenous alpha-lipoic acid can cause headache. Adverse effects are more common in patients receiving higher intravenous doses (3557).
General
...Orally, policosanol is usually well-tolerated.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Dysuria, headache, insomnia, polyphagia, pruritis, skin rash, somnolence, upset stomach, vertigo, weight loss.
Dermatologic ...Orally, policosanol can cause pruritus or skin rash, but these events appear to be uncommon (65369,95374,100178). In one clinical trial that included over 50 patients, one case of policosanol-associated skin rash was reported (65369). In another study, 1 out of 40 patients treated with policosanol 10 mg daily reported pruritus (95374).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, policosanol can cause upset stomach or polyphagia (2937).
Genitourinary ...Orally, policosanol can cause dysuria (2937).
Hematologic ...A case gum bleeding has been reported in a patient taking policosanol 20 mg and aspirin 100 mg daily for 7 days (2937).
Neurologic/CNS ...Orally, policosanol may cause headache, mild vertigo, somnolence, irritability, or insomnia but these events are uncommon. In one clinical study, 1 out of 44 subjects receiving policosanol 20 mg daily 12 weeks experienced mild vertigo and 2 out of 44 experienced mild headache (14404). In another study, 2 out of 70 patients taking policosanol 10 mg daily for 8 weeks experienced headache (69119). In another study, 1 out of 40 patients taking policosanol 10 mg daily reported insomnia (95374).
Other ...Orally, policosanol has been associated with weight loss. However, evidence from a post-market surveillance study of patients taking policosanol 5-15 mg daily shows that this adverse event is uncommon (95375).