Ingredients | Amount Per Serving |
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Proprietary Blend
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150 mg |
(DHEA)
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(Standardized From 40% Epimedium)
(Icariin (Form: Standardized From 40% Epimedium PlantPart: fruit Genus: Lycium Species: chinense) )
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1,3, 7-trimethyl-H-purine-2,6(3H, 7H)-dione
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Gelatin, Silica, Magnesium Stearate, Maltodextrose, Cellulose, Arginine
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Tokkyo Fina-550. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Tokkyo Fina-550. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of chrysin.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when used orally and appropriately, short-term. Most studies have been small and lasted from a few weeks to 6 months, with usual doses of 50 mg daily (793,1635,2133,3231,4249,4251,4252,4253,4254,4255,9691)(9692,10986,12215,12564,14277,21416,88726,90304,99925). Some studies have also used oral DHEA with apparent safety for 12-24 months (2113,6446,10406,11464,12561,15027,88492). ...when used intravaginally and appropriately. Intravaginal ovules of DHEA 3.25 mg to 13 mg have been safely used for up to 12 weeks (21320,21429,21430). ...when used topically and appropriately. A DHEA cream 1% to 10% has been safely used for up to 12 months (4242,21428).
POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when used orally in high doses or long-term. There is concern that long-term use or use of amounts that cause higher than normal physiological DHEA levels might increase the risk of prostate cancer (2111,12565), breast cancer (10370,10401,10403), or other hormone-sensitive cancers (6445). In some cases, 50-100 mg daily can produce slightly higher than normal physiological DHEA levels (4249,4251). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of using DHEA intravenously or intramuscularly.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: POSSIBLY UNSAFE
when used orally.
DHEA can cause higher than normal androgen levels (2133,4249,4251,4253), which might adversely affect pregnancy or a nursing infant.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when used orally in medicinal amounts, short-term. GABA has been used with apparent safety in doses of 75 mg to 1.5 grams daily for up to one month in small clinical studies (19361,19363,19369,110134,110135). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of GABA when used orally for longer than one month or when used sublingually or intravenously.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when horny goat weed extract is used orally and appropriately, short-term. A specific extract of horny goat weed containing 60 mg icariin, 15 mg daidzein, and 3 mg genistein (Xianling Gubao; Tong Ji Tang Pharmacal Company) has been used daily with apparent safety for up to 24 months (14900,97268). Another aqueous extract of horny goat weed containing up to 25.36% icariin has been used in a dose of 300 mL daily with apparent safety for up to 6 months (55452). Another horny goat weed extract has been used with apparent safety at doses up to 1000 mg daily (providing 200 mg icariin) for up to 30 days (108311).
POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when used orally long-term or in high doses. Long-term use, or taking high doses of some species of horny goat weed, has been linked to serious adverse effects including respiratory arrest (10346).
PREGNANCY: POSSIBLY UNSAFE
when used orally.
Horny goat weed might have androgenic activity (10346). Theoretically, it might harm a developing fetus; avoid using.
LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Tokkyo Fina-550. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
In vitro evidence suggests that chrysin might inhibit platelet aggregation (7502,42914,42920,42952,93640). Theoretically, taking chrysin with other antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs might increase the risk of bruising and bleeding in some patients. Some anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs include aspirin, clopidogrel (Plavix), dalteparin (Fragmin), enoxaparin (Lovenox), heparin, warfarin (Coumadin), and others.
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Theoretically, chrysin may have an additive effect on other aromatase inhibitors such as aminoglutethimide (Cytadren), anastrozole (Arimidex), exemestane (Aromasin), and letrozole (Femara) (7507,7508).
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In vitro evidence suggests that chrysin might have antiestrogenic activity (42905,42960,42962). Theoretically, use of chrysin with estrogen-containing contraceptive drugs might reduce the efficacy of these drugs.
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There is some preliminary evidence that chrysin inhibits CYP1A2 isozymes (7503, 8172, 42936, 42956). Theoretically, chrysin might decrease the metabolism of CYP1A2 substrates and increase serum concentrations. However, chrysin was not found to inhibit CYP1A2-dependent caffeine metabolism in animal research (93643). Due to chrysin's low bioavailability and rapid metabolism to glucuronide and sulfate conjugates, this interaction is unlikely (7502,7504,7505,8168,42931,42938,93643). Some substrates of CYP1A2 include clozapine (Clozaril), cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril), fluvoxamine (Luvox), haloperidol (Haldol), imipramine (Tofranil), mexiletine (Mexitil), olanzapine (Zyprexa), pentazocine (Talwin), propranolol (Inderal), tacrine (Cognex), theophylline, zileuton (Zyflo), zolmitriptan (Zomig), and others.
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In vitro research shows that chrysin and its sulfate conjugate inhibit diclofenac metabolism (106436). It is speculated that chrysin and its sulfate conjugate reduce the metabolism of diclofenac by inhibiting cytochrome P450 2C9 (106436). This effect has not been reported in humans.
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In vitro evidence suggests that chrysin might have antiestrogenic activity (42905,42960,42962). Theoretically, chrysin might interfere with the effects of hormone therapy.
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There is some preliminary evidence that chrysin might induce UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) (7504,7513,8170). Theoretically, chrysin might increase the clearance of drugs that are UGT1A1 substrates, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), estrogens (Estrace, Premarin, others) and oral contraceptives, entacapone (Comtan), irinotecan (Camptosar), and others.
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In vitro research shows that chrysin and its sulfate and glucuronide conjugates inhibit S-mephenytoin metabolism. It is speculated that chrysin and its conjugates reduce the metabolism of S-mephenytoin by inhibiting cytochrome P450 2C19 (106436). This effect has not been reported in humans.
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In vitro research shows that chrysin and its sulfate conjugate inhibit testosterone metabolism. It is speculated that chrysin and its sulfate conjugate reduce the metabolism of testosterone by inhibiting cytochrome P450 3A4 (106436). This effect has not been reported in humans.
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Theoretically, DHEA might increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Details
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Theoretically, DHEA might increase the risk of psychiatric adverse events when used with antidepressants.
Details
In a human case report, the use of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) with DHEA caused a manic episode (7023). Concern for this interaction may be greater in younger individuals with higher baseline DHEA levels.
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Theoretically, DHEA might interfere with the clinical effects of aromatase inhibitors.
Details
DHEA is a potent estrogen agonist, which may antagonize the anti-estrogen activity of aromatase inhibitors (10401).
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Theoretically, DHEA might increase the levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Details
Some preliminary evidence shows that DHEA may inhibit CYP3A4 (1389); however, the clinical significance of this potential interaction is not known.
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Theoretically, DHEA might increase the effects and adverse effects of estrogen therapy.
Details
DHEA is a precursor to estrogen and androgen and is metabolized into those substances. In clinical research, DHEA supplements increase the levels of these hormones (6012,7614,8593,10986,12651,12564,15027,21321,21323,21324)(21325,21326,21327,21328,21330,21331,21356,21364,21389,21393)(21397,21398,21417,21419,21427,47273,47348,88375,90304). Also, in clinical research, estrogen-progestin oral contraceptives and conjugated estrogens reduce blood levels of DHEA and DHEA-S (21372,21373,21374,21437,21438). The clinical significance of these findings is unclear.
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Theoretically, DHEA might interfere with the anti-estrogen effects of fulvestrant.
Details
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Theoretically, DHEA might interfere with the anti-estrogen effects of tamoxifen.
Details
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Theoretically, DHEA might increase the effects and side effects of testosterone therapy.
Details
DHEA is a precursor to estrogen and androgen and is metabolized into those substances. In clinical research, DHEA supplements increase the levels of these hormones (6012,7614,8593,10986,12651,12564,15027,21321,21323,21324)(21325,21326,21327,21328,21330,21331,21356,21364,21389,21393)(21397,21398,21417,21419,21427,47273,47348,88375,90304,99924,99925,104162). The clinical significance of these findings is unclear.
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DHEA can increase blood levels of triazolam.
Details
Administration of DHEA 200 mg daily for two weeks was shown to inhibit the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) metabolism of triazolam. This inhibition appears to be due to DHEA-S, rather than DHEA (1389).
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DHEA might reduce the effectiveness of the tuberculosis vaccine.
Details
Animal research shows that high doses of DHEA can reduce the efficacy of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) tuberculosis vaccine (21316).
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Theoretically, taking GABA with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Details
Some clinical research shows that GABA can decrease blood pressure in patients with hypertension (19367).
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Theoretically, GABA might have additive sedative effects when used in conjunction with CNS depressants. However, it is unclear if this concern is clinically relevant.
Details
Endogenous GABA has well-established relaxant effects (51152) and GABA(A) receptors have an established physiological role in sleep (51143). However, the effects of GABA supplements are unclear, as it is unknown whether exogenous GABA crosses the blood-brain barrier (51120,51153,90570). Although there have been limited reports of drowsiness or tiredness with GABA supplements (5115,19364), these effects have not been widely reported in clinical studies. Additionally, intravenous GABA 0.1-1 mg/kg has been shown to induce anxiety in a dose-dependent manner (5116).
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Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of bleeding.
Details
In vitro research and animal research shows that horny goat weed can inhibit platelet aggregation and thrombus formation (105832). This effect has not been reported in humans.
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Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the risk of hypotension.
Details
Laboratory research suggests that horny goat weed might have hypotensive effects (10346). This effect has not been reported in humans.
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Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP1A2 substrates.
Details
In vitro, horny goat weed leaf extract inhibits CYP1A2 (97267). This effect has not been reported in humans.
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Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP2B6 substrates.
Details
In vitro, horny goat weed leaf extract inhibits CYP2B6 (97267). This effect has not been reported in humans.
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Theoretically, horny goat weed might increase the effects and side effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
Details
In vitro, horny goat weed extract inhibits CYP3A4 and suppresses CYP3A4 mRNA expression (112708). This effect has not been reported in humans.
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Theoretically, concomitant use of horny goat weed with estrogens might increase their therapeutic and adverse effects.
Details
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Tokkyo Fina-550. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General
...Orally and topically, DHEA seems to be well tolerated when used in typical doses, short-term.
However, there is some concern that long-term oral use of DHEA may be linked to a greater risk for cancer.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Acne, headache, insomnia, mood changes, and nausea. In females, masculinization symptoms including deepening of the voice, increased size of genitals, irregular menses, oily skin, reduced breast size, and unnatural hair growth. In males, aggression, breast tenderness or enlargement (gynecomastia), urinary urgency, and testicular wasting.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: Possible increased risk for cardiovascular events and various types of cancer.
Cardiovascular ...Incidences of arrhythmia (21334,47540), chest pain (21332,21333), palpitations (21332,21333,88492), hypertension, and transient ischemic attacks (21353,21354,47300) have been reported. DHEA has also been found to decrease high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (21344,21345,21346,21347,21348,21349) and increase triglycerides (21334).
Dermatologic ...Acne has been the most commonly reported adverse effect in human research, particularly in females (2113,2114,4242,7614,7559,12561,12574,21346,21351,21354)(21355,21356,21357,21358,21360,21361,21362,21363,21364,47300)(47355,47409,90304,103185). However, it is generally mild and may be treated by reducing the dose (7559). Incidences of contact dermatitis (47402), acneiform dermatitis (2113), greasy hair and skin (17218,21351,21355,21363,21387,21389,47355), keratosis (47402), skin rash (12574,21361,21363), erythema (21334), scalp itching (17218,21357), and skin spots (21387) have also been reported. Increased hair growth and hirsutism have been noted in several clinical trials, including the development of mild mustache in females (2114,4242,12561,12574,17218,21346,21351,21354,21355,21358) (21361,21362,21363,21370,21387,21389,21415,47300). Increased perspiration and odor have also been reported in human research (17218,21354,21356,21357).
Endocrine ...In postmenopausal patients, high doses of DHEA (1600 mg daily) induced insulin resistance, reportedly due to increased androgen levels that occurred during supplementation (21324).
Gastrointestinal ...Gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort have been noted in human research (2111,6098,7559,12574,21348,21358,21386).
Genitourinary ...In older adults, elevated and severe urinary symptoms (as evidenced by scores of more than 20, using the American Urological Association Symptom Index for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia [International Prostate Symptom Score]) and urinary tract infection were reported (21353). Rare incidences of abnormal menses (2114) and increased discharge (21415) have been reported. DHEA has been associated with hematuria (47300).
Hepatic ...Elevated liver enzymes have been reported following DHEA supplementation (21364,47300). However, an analysis of multiple studies in varied patient populations taking DHEA supplements found no elevations in liver enzymes (107791).
Musculoskeletal ...Incidences of asthenia, arthralgia, and myalgia, including calf cramps, have been reported (12574,21354,21358,21365,47355).
Neurologic/CNS ...In humans, dizziness, fatigue, malaise, sleep disturbances, increased dreaming, night sweats, restlessness, "painful spots," and a crawling scalp sensation have been reported (3865,21354,21363,21389). There is a case of seizure associated with DHEA use in a 30 year-old female with fragile X syndrome and no history of convulsive disorder who used DHEA to try to improve ovarian production (47344).
Ocular/Otic ...In patients with Sjögren syndrome, maculae lesions, ocular pain and dryness, and painful eye exams have been reported (21358,21363,21365).
Oncologic ...Preclinical research suggests that DHEA may increase the risk of cancer, particularly prostate, liver, breast, and pancreatic cancers (2111,10370,10401,10403,12565,21332,21333,21334,47251,47256)(47366,47388,47539). High concentrations of DHEA in postmenopausal patients have been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (2115,6445).
Psychiatric ...DHEA-induced mania has been reported (5870,6102,7023,21383). Clinical studies have also reported anxiety, nervousness, irritability, emotional change, and depression in patients receiving DHEA (2114,21358,21360,21370).
Pulmonary/Respiratory ...Increased cough and nasal congestion have been noted in human research (3865,11334). A report of acute respiratory failure was made in clinical study evaluating the use of DHEA in patients with myotonic dystrophy (type 1) (21334).
Other ...Perceived increases in weight gain have been reported with use of DHEA (2114,21361).
General
...Orally, GABA seems to be generally well tolerated.
Sublingually, no adverse effects have been reported. However, a thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Drowsiness, gastric upset, minor throat burning, muscle weakness, and nausea.
Cardiovascular ...Intravenously, GABA can cause dose-related increases in blood pressure and pulse (5116).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, minor throat burning has been associated with GABA in one study (5115). In another study in which GABA was administered with phosphatidylserine, one patient experienced severe gastric distress, two patients reported moderate nausea, and one reported constipation (19364). Children with cerebral palsy taking GABA experienced nausea and decreased appetite (19362).
Genitourinary ...In one study, one patient treated with oral GABA and phosphatidylserine reported transient amenorrhea (19364).
Musculoskeletal ...Orally, minor adverse effects associated with GABA included muscle weakness (5115).
Neurologic/CNS ...Orally, GABA may cause drowsiness or tiredness (5115,19364). Four children with cerebral palsy taking GABA had convulsions, and an unspecified number experienced motor restlessness. However, causality of these adverse effects was not clear, and the dose of GABA was not specified (19362). Intravenously, GABA 50 mg has been associated with a "lack of alertness" in healthy female volunteers (51159).
Psychiatric ...Intravenously, GABA 0. 1-1.0 mg/kg has been shown to induce anxiety, dysphoria, and mood disturbances in a dose-dependent manner (5116).
Other ...In one study, patients taking GABA experienced a slight warming of the body (19370).
General
...Orally, horny goat weed seems to be well tolerated when used short-term.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Dizziness, dry mouth, nosebleed, thirst, and vomiting.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: Respiratory arrest.
Cardiovascular ...A 66-year-old male with a history of cardiovascular disease developed tachyarrhythmia after taking horny goat weed for 2 weeks (13006). It is not clear if this product contained only horny goat weed or a combination of ingredients; therefore, assigning causality is not possible.
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, long-term use of horny goat weed has been associated with reports of vomiting, dry mouth, thirst, and nosebleed (10346).
Hepatic ...A case of hepatotoxicity characterized by abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever has been reported in a 40-year-old male patient with hepatitis C, after a month of taking one tablet daily of a combination product containing horny goat weed and multiple other ingredients (Enzyte, Vianda). Symptoms improved following cessation of the product, but it is not clear if they were due to horny goat weed, another ingredients, or hepatitis C (91590). An observational study over 24 years found 26 cases of drug-induced hepatoxicity associated with horny goat weed (112707).
Musculoskeletal ...Orally, large doses of horny goat weed may cause exaggeration of tendon reflexes to the point of spasm (10346).
Neurologic/CNS ...Orally, long-term use of horny goat weed has been associated with reports of dizziness (10346).
Psychiatric ...There is a case report of hypomania in a 66-year-old male who took horny goat weed for 2 weeks (13006). It is not clear if this product contained only horny goat weed or a combination of ingredients; therefore, assigning causality is not possible.
Pulmonary/Respiratory ...Orally, large doses of horny goat weed may cause respiratory arrest (10346).