Ingredients | Amount Per Serving |
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Proprietary Blend
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1500 mg |
(root)
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Earthworm extract
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(root)
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Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide (Alt. Name: SiO2)
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Earth Dragon. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
There is insufficient reliable information available about the effectiveness of calamus.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Earth Dragon. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of atractylodes.
PREGNANCY: POSSIBLY UNSAFE
when used orally.
In animals, atractylodes has caused reproductive toxicity, including fetal death, as well as changes in gestation, growth, and skeletal formation (94304).
LACTATION:
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of atractylodes when used during breast-feeding.
LIKELY UNSAFE ...when used orally. The FDA prohibits calamus use in food products due to evidence of carcinogenic effects in animals receiving high doses of a calamus strain high in beta-asarone (93978,94727,94728). However, the beta-asarone content can vary widely among species from 0% to 96% (6); some products may be safer than others. There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of calamus when used topically.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: LIKELY UNSAFE
when used orally; avoid using (4,500).
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of poria mushroom.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Earth Dragon. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
Theoretically, atractylodes might increase the risk of bleeding when used concomitantly with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
Details
Laboratory research suggests that atractylenolides II and III, constituents of atractylodes, reduce platelet activation (94299). So far, this has not been shown in humans.
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Theoretically, atractylodes may have an additive effect when used with other aromatase inhibitors.
Details
Laboratory research suggests that atractylodes and its constituents exhibit aromatase inhibitor effects (94302).
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Theoretically, taking atractylodes may prolong the therapeutic and adverse effects of hexobarbital.
Details
In animals, atractylodes has been shown to prolong the effects of hexobarbital (94303). These effects have not been shown in humans.
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Theoretically, due to reports that calamus increases stomach acid, calamus might decrease the effectiveness of antacids (19).
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In vitro evidence suggests that calamus can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (38418). Theoretically, concurrent use of anticholinergic drugs and calamus might decrease the effectiveness of the anticholinergic drug.
Details
Some anticholinergic drugs include atropine, benztropine (Cogentin), biperiden (Akineton), procyclidine (Kemadrin), and trihexyphenidyl (Artane).
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Animal research suggests that calamus can decrease the rate and strength of the heartbeat, which might lower blood pressure (38444). Theoretically, combining calamus with other antihypertensive medications might increase the risk of hypotension; use with caution.
Details
Some antihypertensive drugs include captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan), diltiazem (Cardizem), Amlodipine (Norvasc), hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDiuril), furosemide (Lasix), and many others.
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In vitro evidence suggests that calamus can inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (38418). Theoretically, concurrent use of calamus with other cholinergic drugs might have additive effects and increase the risk of cholinergic side effects.
Details
Cholinergic drugs include bethanechol (Urecholine), donepezil (Aricept), echothiophate (Phospholine Iodide), edrophonium (Enlon, Reversol, Tensilon), neostigmine (Prostigmin), physostigmine (Antilirium), pyridostigmine (Mestinon, Regonol), succinylcholine (Anectine, Quelicin), and tacrine (Cognex).
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Theoretically, concomitant use with drugs with sedative properties can cause additive effects and side effects (4,38400,38444).
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In vitro research suggests that calamus extract can inhibit cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) (93975). Theoretically, use of calamus with drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 might increase drug levels and potentially increase the risk of adverse effects.
Details
Some drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 include amitriptyline (Elavil), codeine, desipramine (Norpramin), flecainide (Tambocor), haloperidol (Haldol), imipramine (Tofranil), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL), ondansetron (Zofran), paroxetine (Paxil), risperidone (Risperdal), tramadol (Ultram), venlafaxine (Effexor), and others.
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In vitro research suggests that calamus inhibits cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) (93975). Theoretically, use of calamus with drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 might increase drug levels and potentially increase the risk of adverse effects.
Details
Some drugs metabolized by CYP3A4 include lovastatin (Mevacor), clarithromycin (Biaxin), indinavir (Crixivan), sildenafil (Viagra), triazolam (Halcion), and numerous others.
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Theoretically, due to reports that calamus increases stomach acid, calamus might decrease the effectiveness of H2-blockers (19). The H2 blockers include cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac), nizatidine (Axid), and famotidine (Pepcid).
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Theoretically, calamus might potentiate the effects and adverse effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitor drugs (4).
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Theoretically, due to reports that calamus increases stomach acid, calamus might decrease the effectiveness of PPIs (19). PPIs include omeprazole (Prilosec), lansoprazole (Prevacid), rabeprazole (Aciphex), pantoprazole (Protonix), and esomeprazole (Nexium).
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Theoretically, poria mushroom might decrease the clinical effects of anticholinergic drugs.
Details
In animal research, poria mushroom essential oil reduces acetylcholinesterase activity (111917). This interaction has not been shown in humans.
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Theoretically, poria mushroom might have additive effects when used with cholinergic drugs.
Details
In animal research, poria mushroom essential oil reduces acetylcholinesterase activity (111917). This interaction has not been shown in humans.
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Theoretically, taking poria mushroom extract may enhance the therapeutic and adverse effects of sedatives.
Details
Animal research shows that poria mushroom extract has sedative properties (111916). This interaction has not been shown in humans.
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Earth Dragon. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General
...There is currently a limited amount of information on the adverse effects of atractylodes.
A thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Allergic reaction, dry mouth, nausea.
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, atractylenolide I, an isolated constituent of atractylodes, can cause bad taste, nausea, and dry mouth (15706).
Immunologic ...Atractylodes can cause an allergic reaction in people sensitive to the Asteraceae/Compositae family (12450). Members of this family include ragweed, chrysanthemums, marigolds, daisies, and many other herbs.
General ...Orally, nausea, vomiting, and intestinal paralysis have been reported with calamus use (33310,38458,93980). Tachycardia has also been reported (93980).
Cardiovascular ...Tachycardia has been reported as a toxic effect related to oral use of calamus oil (93980).
Gastrointestinal ...A case of gastrointestinal toxicity has been reported in a 19-year-old male who appeared to use calamus root for its euphoric effects. The man ingested a large amount of the root with water and later presented at the emergency department with continuous vomiting, paleness, and sweating. He was treated intravenously with saline and promethazine (38458). Both nausea and vomiting have been reported in patients using calamus oil orally (93980). Intestinal paralysis has also been reported with calamus use in children (33310).
General ...Orally, poria mushroom seems to be well tolerated. However, a thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted.
Immunologic ...Allergic reactions have been reported rarely, including allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma (12).