Ingredients | Not Present |
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(Melissa officinalis )
(leaf)
(organic, Dry Herb Strength: 1:4 (250 mg/ml))
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(kosher vegetable glycerin)
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filtered Water
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Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Kids Lemon Balm Lemon Flavor. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Kids Lemon Balm Lemon Flavor. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used rectally and appropriately. Glycerol rectal suppositories and enemas are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for over-the-counter use to treat occasional constipation (15,272). ...when used topically and appropriately as a lotion, emulsion, or humectant (15,272,93754,93758,93759,99164).
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when used orally, short-term. Glycerol has been used with apparent safety in clinical trials at doses of up to 1.5 grams/kg (2474,2475,99162).
POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when used intravenously. While some research suggests that intravenous glycerol can be safely administered for two consecutive days twice monthly for up to 6 months (106649), in another study, hemolysis was reported in 98% of patients treated with intravenous glycerol for acute ischemic stroke (2482).
CHILDREN: LIKELY SAFE
when used rectally and appropriately.
Glycerol rectal suppositories and enemas are approved by the US FDA for over-the-counter use to treat occasional constipation in children 2 years of age and older (15,272). ...when used topically and appropriately as an emulsion or humectant in children 1 month of age and older (15,272,93756).
CHILDREN: POSSIBLY SAFE
when used orally, short-term.
Glycerol has been used with apparent safety in clinical trials in children 2 months to 16 years of age at doses of 1.5 gram/kg, up to a maximum dose of 25 grams, taken every 6 hours (93762,93763).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used in amounts commonly found in foods. Lemon has Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status in the US (4912).
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when inhaled in amounts used for aromatherapy, short-term. Lemon essential oil has been used with apparent safety as aromatherapy for up to 2 weeks in clinical research (93475,98128,98129). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of lemon when used topically, or when used orally or intranasally in medicinal amounts.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available.
Avoid using in amounts greater than those typically found in foods.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods. Lemon balm has Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status in the US (4912).
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when used orally and appropriately, short-term. Lemon balm extract has been used with apparent safety at a dose of 500 mg daily for 6 months or at a dose of 3000 mg daily for 2 months (9993,9994,104435,104435,110136). ...when used topically and appropriately, short-term. Lemon balm 1% dried leaf extract has been used up to 4 times daily with apparent safety for a few days (790,9995).
CHILDREN: POSSIBLY SAFE
when used orally and appropriate, short-term.
A single dose of lemon balm extract 3-6 mg/kg has been safely used in children aged 6-7 years (19525). A specific combination product providing lemon balm leaf extract 80 mg and valerian root extract 160 mg (Euvegal forte, Dr. Willmar Schwabe Pharmaceuticals) 1-2 tablets once or twice daily has been safely used in children under 12 years of age for 30 days (14416). In infants up to 4 weeks old, multi-ingredient products (ColiMil, ColiMil Plus) containing lemon balm 64-97 mg daily have been used with apparent safety for up to 7 days (16735,96278).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Kids Lemon Balm Lemon Flavor. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
Theoretically, taking itraconazole capsules or tablets with a beverage containing lemon might increase the levels and clinical effects of itraconazole.
Details
In one case report, dissolving itraconazole tablets in a small amount of specific beverages containing lemon prior to administration increased the level of itraconazole in a lung transplant patient. In this case, the increased bioavailability was desirable and was likely due to improved tablet dissolution in the acidic beverage (110781).
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Theoretically, concomitant use of lemon balm might have additive effects with CNS depressant drugs.
Details
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Theoretically, lemon balm might interfere with thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
Details
In vitro, constituents of lemon balm extract bind to thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), preventing TSH receptor-binding and leading to the inhibition of TSH-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity (19727,19728). In animals, lemon balm extract has been shown to decrease levels of circulating TSH and inhibit thyroid secretion (19726).
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Kids Lemon Balm Lemon Flavor. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General
...Orally, rectally, and topically, glycerol seems to be well tolerated.
Intravenously, glycerol may be unsafe.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Bloating, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and headache.
Topically: Burning, irritation, and pruritus.
Intravenously: Hemolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Dermatologic ...Topically, glycerol has been reported to cause burning, irritation, and pruritus (93754,93756). Rectally, the regular administration of glycerol 50% enemas has been reported to cause generalized urticaria in at least two patients; in both patients, symptoms resolved after discontinuation (110019,110025).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, glycerol can cause bloating, nausea, vomiting, thirst, and diarrhea (15,2475).
Hematologic ...Intravenously, glycerol has been reported to caused hemolysis in people treated for acute ischemic stroke (2480,2482).
Neurologic/CNS ...Orally, glycerol can cause mild headache and dizziness (15,2475).
General
...Orally, lemon is well tolerated in amounts commonly found in foods.
A thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted on the use of larger amounts.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Epigastralgia and heartburn with the regular consumption of fresh lemon juice.
Dermatologic ...Topically, the application of lemon oil might cause photosensitivity, due to furocoumarin derivative content. This occurs most often in fair-skinned people (11019).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, fresh lemon juice, taken as 60 mL twice daily, has been reported to cause gastrointestinal disturbances in 37% of patients in one clinical trial, compared with 8% of patients in the placebo group. Specifically, of the patients consuming lemon juice, 21% experienced heartburn and 8% experienced epigastralgia, compared to 1% and 3%, respectively, in the placebo group (107489).
General
...Orally, lemon balm seems to be well tolerated in food amounts and larger, medicinal amounts.
Topically, lemon balm seems to be well tolerated.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: Wheezing has been rarely reported.
Cardiovascular ...Orally, a case of transient complete atrioventricular block and QT prolongation is reported in a 25-year-old female following the post-workout use of a specific product (Muscle Eze Advanced) containing lemon balm and several other ingredients. Symptoms of fatigue and lightheadedness started 1 week into use of the product. Product discontinuation led to restoration of normal sinus rhythm within 24 hours and normalization of the electrocardiogram within 2 weeks (112556). It is unclear whether this occurrence is due to lemon balm, other ingredients, or the combination.
Dermatologic ...Topically, lemon balm 1% cream applied 5 times daily to cold sores has been associated with two cases of irritation and one case of cold sore exacerbation. However, these effects do not appear to occur more often with lemon balm than with placebo (790).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, lemon balm might increase appetite in some patients (91732,104433). Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain have been reported rarely and do not seem to occur more often than in patients taking placebo (9993).
Neurologic/CNS ...Orally, lemon balm has been reported to cause dizziness and sedation; however, it does not seem to occur more often with lemon balm than placebo (9993,104433). Additionally, other clinical research shows that using lemon balm in conjunction with alcohol does not affect reaction time or influence cognitive performance (19427,19723).
Pulmonary/Respiratory ...Orally, lemon balm has been associated with rare cases of wheezing (9993).