Ingredients | Amount Per Serving |
---|---|
Calories
|
10 Calorie(s) |
Total Fat
|
1 Gram(s) |
Cholesterol
|
10 mg |
(1000 mg)
|
1 Gram(s) |
Total Omega-3 Fatty Acids
|
230 mg |
(C20:5n-3, EPA)
|
128 mg |
Docosapentaenoic Acid
(C22:5n-3, DPA)
|
60 mg |
Phospholipids
|
334 mg |
(from Krill Oil)
|
50 mcg |
Gelatin, Glycerin, Water, Ethyl Vanillin, Sorbitol
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Superior Omega-3 Krill Oil Ultra Strength 1000 mg. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Superior Omega-3 Krill Oil Ultra Strength 1000 mg. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used in amounts found in foods. Astaxanthin has Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status in the US (4912).
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when taken orally and appropriately. Astaxanthin 4-18 mg daily has been used with apparent safety for up to 12 weeks. Doses of 40 mg daily have been used with apparent safety for up to 4 weeks (19165,19167,19197,32621,96884,105100).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using in amounts greater than those typically found in foods.
LIKELY SAFE ...when fish oil or prescription EPA is used orally and appropriately as a source of EPA. Fish oil containing EPA has been used safely for up to 7 years (1016,7819,15497). While doses of prescription EPA (Vascepa, formerly ARM101, Amarin) have been used safely at doses up to 4 grams daily (91409,91410,95715,99136), there is some concern that high intake of omega-3 fatty acids such as EPA might increase the risk of bleeding. For this reason, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends that consumers limit intake of EPA plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), another omega-3 fatty acid also found in fish oil, to 3 grams daily, with no more than 2 grams daily from a dietary supplement (95739).
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when algal oil is used orally and appropriately as a source of EPA. A specific algal oil supplement (Almega PL) providing EPA 250 mg daily has been used with apparent safety for up to 12 weeks (103314). ...when used intravenously under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Fish oil or omega-3 fatty acid lipid emulsions containing EPA, administered intravenously for 1-4 weeks, have been safely used (1004,66042,66421,89323).
POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when used orally in high doses. Doses greater than 3 grams daily might decrease blood coagulation and increase the risk of bleeding (1313). The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends that consumers limit intake of EPA plus DHA, another omega-3 fatty acid, to 3 grams daily, with no more than 2 grams daily from a dietary supplement (95739).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when used orally and appropriately, short-term. Krill oil has been used safely at doses of up to 4 grams daily in clinical trials lasting for up to 6 months (15753,15754,15760,19374,91600,96114,96162,107474,110370).
CHILDREN: POSSIBLY SAFE
when used orally and appropriately (110372,110374).
In children 14 years of age, krill oil 4 grams daily, providing doses of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 520 mg and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 280 mg daily, has been used with apparent safety for up to 12 months (110372,110374).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Superior Omega-3 Krill Oil Ultra Strength 1000 mg. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
Theoretically, astaxanthin may decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP2B6.
Details
In vitro research shows that astaxanthin induces cytochrome CYP2B6 enzyme activity in human hepatocytes (32613). This effect has not been reported in humans.
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Theoretically, astaxanthin may decrease levels of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4.
Details
In vitro research shows that astaxanthin induces CYP3A4 enzyme activity in human hepatocytes (32613). This effect has not been reported in humans.
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Theoretically, EPA may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Details
In human research, taking EPA has been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation (9930).
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Theoretically, taking EPA with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Details
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Theoretically, krill oil may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Details
Taking high doses of omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil can modestly decrease platelet aggregation (8671,8679,8696,19375). Since krill oil also contains these fatty acids, taking high doses of krill oil might also inhibit platelet aggregation. Theoretically, taking high doses of krill oil with antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs might increase the risk of bleeding. However, the omega-3 content of krill oil is much lower than that of fish oil.
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Theoretically, taking krill oil with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Details
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Superior Omega-3 Krill Oil Ultra Strength 1000 mg. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General
...Orally, astaxanthin seems to be well tolerated.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, red fecal color.
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, astaxanthin 6 mg daily has caused two cases of increased bowel movements and two cases of red fecal color (91736). A higher dose of astaxanthin (AstaCarox, AstaReal AB) 40 mg daily has caused severe stomach/abdominal pain in two patients (19165).
Ocular/Otic ...Canthaxanthin, another carotenoid substance that is chemically related to astaxanthin, has caused crystals in the retina and loss of visual acuity in one patient (8455). This effect has not been observed with astaxanthin, but patients who have visual changes while taking astaxanthin should stop taking it immediately.
General
...Orally, prescription EPA or EPA derived from fish oil is generally well tolerated in doses of up to 3 grams daily.
Agal oil providing EPA seems to be well tolerated. Doses of EPA greater than 3 grams daily are possibly unsafe.
Intravenously, fish oil or omega-3 fatty acid lipid emulsions containing EPA seem to be well tolerated.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Belching, diarrhea, epigastric discomfort, fishy aftertaste, and nausea.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: Some case reports raise concerns about increased risk of bleeding with high doses.
Cardiovascular ...Orally, taking the prescription ethyl-EPA product (Vascepa, Amarin) 4 grams daily has been linked to a 1% greater risk of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter that required hospitalization when compared with placebo (101286).
Dermatologic ...Orally, reported side effects of EPA have included skin rash and itching (15497).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, reported side effects of EPA have included nausea, diarrhea, and epigastric discomfort (15497,103314,110365,110366). For fish oils containing EPA and docosahexaenoic acid, side effects can include fishy taste, belching, nausea, and loose stools (10007).
Hematologic ...Orally, reported side effects of EPA, as well as fish oils containing EPA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have included nosebleed (10007,15497). There is some concern that taking high doses of oils providing EPA along with DHA might decrease blood coagulation and increase the risk of bleeding (1313). To reduce this risk, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends that consumers limit intake of EPA plus DHA to 3 grams daily, with no more than 2 grams daily from a dietary supplement (95739). The prescription ethyl-EPA product (Vascepa, Amarin) 4 grams daily has been linked to bleeding in 12% of patients, compared with 10% in the placebo group. Serious bleeding occurred in 3% of the Vascepa group compared to 2% in the placebo group (101286).
Immunologic ...There is preliminary evidence that the EPA in fish oil decreases natural killer (NK) cell activity. Due to this effect, there is concern that increased intake of EPA might have some adverse immunologic effects and possibly increase the risk for viral infections and some cancers (8718).
Musculoskeletal ...Orally, EPA may cause musculoskeletal pain in some patients, although results from clinical research are conflicting. In one clinical study, a higher percentage of patients treated with ethyl-EPA 2 or 4 grams daily experienced joint pain compared to placebo (3.4% and 1.7% vs 0.4%, respectively) (91409). However, in another study, slightly fewer patients taking ethyl-EPA 1.8 grams daily experienced joint, lumbar, or muscle pain compared to placebo (1.6% vs 2.0%, respectively) (15497).
Oncologic ...Three people with pre-existing familial adenomatous polyposis have been diagnosed with malignant lesions during the course of long-term high-docosahexaenoic acid fish oil use (999); however, it is unclear if fish oil, or more specifically EPA, was the cause.
General
...Orally, krill oil seems to be well tolerated when used in doses up to 4 grams daily.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Bloating, decreased appetite, diarrhea, fishy burps, flatulence, heartburn, nausea, and stomach discomfort.
Cardiovascular ...Orally, krill oil may cause hypertension, but this effect has only been observed for one patient in one clinical trial (91600).
Dermatologic ...Orally, krill oil may cause minor facial skin rash, skin oiliness, or localized pimples (15754,91599,110372,110374).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, krill oil may cause gastrointestinal side effects including stomach discomfort or upset, decreased appetite, taste change, heartburn, fishy burps, bloating, flatulence, diarrhea, vomiting, and nausea (57836,91599,91600,110372,110374). However, these effects seem to be less severe or occur less often with krill oil compared to fish oil (15754).
Neurologic/CNS ...When taken orally, headache, tiredness, and dizziness have been reported rarely in clinical research (110372,110374).
Pulmonary/Respiratory ...When taken orally, sore throat has been reported rarely in clinical research (110372,110374).