| Ingredients | Amount Per Serving |
|---|---|
|
(Hippophae rhamnoides )
(bud)
((1:20) (4.7 mg dried equivalent))
((1:20) (4.7 mg dried equivalent))
|
0.09 mL |
|
(Juglans regia )
(bud)
((1:20) (4.7 mg dried equivalent))
((1:20) (4.7 mg dried equivalent))
|
0.09 mL |
|
(Rosa canina )
(young shoot)
((1:20) (4.7 mg dried equivalent))
((1:20) (4.7 mg dried equivalent))
|
0.09 mL |
Water, Purified, Ethanol (Form: Grain), Glycerin
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Phyto-Gen Imu-gen. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Phyto-Gen Imu-gen. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
LIKELY SAFE ...when the fruit (nut), leaf, or hull is consumed in amounts normally found in foods (4912,6431,8476,8477).
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when the leaf extract is used orally at doses of up to 200 mg for up to 3 months (97749,97750).
POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when the bark is used orally or topically, due to its juglone content (12). When applied topically, juglone-containing bark can cause skin irritation. When used orally on a daily basis, juglone-containing bark is associated with increased risk of tongue cancer and lip leukoplakia (2,12). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of the fruit, leaf, or hull when used orally in medicinal amounts or when applied topically.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: LIKELY SAFE
when the fruit (nut), leaf, or hull is consumed in amounts normally found in foods (4912).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION: POSSIBLY UNSAFE
when the bark is used orally or topically (12); avoid using.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of the fruit, leaf, or hull when used orally in medicinal amounts during pregnancy and lactation; avoid using.
LIKELY SAFE ...when rose hip extract is used orally in the amounts found in foods. Rose hip extract has Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status in the US (4912). ...when rose hip from Rosa canina is used orally and appropriately in medicinal amounts. A specific formulation of rose hip powder from Rosa canina (LitoZin/i-flex, Hyben Vital), taken in doses of up to 2.5 grams (5 capsules) twice daily, has been safely used for up to 6 months (17416,71641,71646,71658,71660,71661,104557). Rose hip powder from Rosa canina, 40 grams daily mixed in apple juice, has been used safely for up to 6 weeks (18104). Rose hip powder from Rosa canina, 500 mg twice daily for 20 days, has also been safely used (97938).
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when rose hip from Rosa damascena is used orally and appropriately in medicinal amounts. Rose hip extract from Rosa damascena has been used safely in doses of 200 mg every 6 hours for 3 days (104555). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of medicinal amounts of rose hip from other Rosa species. There is also insufficient reliable information available about the safety of rose hip when used topically.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of rose hip when used orally or topically in medicinal amounts; avoid using in amounts greater than those found in foods.
LIKELY SAFE ...when sea buckthorn fruit is consumed as food. Sea buckthorn fruit is used in jams, jellies, pies, juices, and sauces (9898).
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when sea buckthorn fruit or fruit extract is used orally and appropriately for medicinal purposes. The oil extract of the fruit and seed have been used with apparent safety in doses of up to 2 grams daily for up to 3 months (16692,17406). ...when sea buckthorn fruit is used topically and appropriately. A cream containing sea buckthorn fruit 40% daily has been used with apparent safety for up to 13 days (106091). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of sea buckthorn leaf or leaf extracts when used orally or topically.
CHILDREN: POSSIBLY SAFE
when used orally and appropriately for medicinal purposes.
Sea buckthorn dry emulsion (prepared with the fruit juice and oil) 5-15 grams daily for 8 weeks has been used with apparent safety in children 1-7 years of age (94800).
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Phyto-Gen Imu-gen. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
Theoretically, the antioxidant effects of rose hip might reduce the effectiveness of alkylating agents but might also reduce the oxidative damage caused by certain alkylating agents.
 Details
Rose hip contains vitamin C. The use of antioxidants like vitamin C during chemotherapy is controversial. There is concern that antioxidants could reduce the activity of chemotherapy drugs that generate free radicals, such as cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, carmustine, busulfan, and thiotepa (391). In contrast, some researchers theorize that antioxidants might make chemotherapy more effective by reducing oxidative stress that could interfere with apoptosis (cell death) of cancer cells (14012,14013). Further, some animal research suggests that the antioxidant effects of rose hip might attenuate cyclophosphamide-induced testicular toxicity (111413). More evidence is needed to determine what effect, if any, antioxidants found in rose hip, such as vitamin C, have on the effectiveness and adverse effects of chemotherapy.
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Theoretically, rose hip might increase the amount of aluminum absorbed from aluminum compounds.
Details
Rose hip contains vitamin C. Theoretically, vitamin C increases the absorption of aluminum. Concomitant use might increase aluminum absorption, but the clinical significance of this is unknown (3046). Administer rose hip two hours before or four hours after antacids.
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Theoretically, rose hip might reduce the effectiveness of anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Details
In vitro and animal research suggests that a constituent of rose hip, rugosin E, can induce platelet aggregation (71653). This has not been shown in humans. Theoretically, concomitant use of rose hip might reduce the effectiveness of antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
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Theoretically, the antioxidant effects of rose hip might reduce the effectiveness of antitumor antibiotics.
Details
Rose hip contains the antioxidant vitamin C. There is concern that antioxidants might reduce the activity of chemotherapy drugs that generate free radicals, such as antitumor antibiotics (391). In contrast, other researchers theorize that antioxidants might make antitumor antibiotic chemotherapy more effective by reducing oxidative stress that could interfere with apoptosis (cell death) of cancer cells (14012,14013). More evidence is needed to determine what effects, if any, antioxidants such as vitamin C have on antitumor antibiotic chemotherapy.
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Theoretically, rose hip might reduce the clearance of aspirin; however, its vitamin C content is likely too low to produce clinically significant effects.
Details
Rose hip contains vitamin C. It has been suggested that acidification of the urine by vitamin C can decrease the urinary excretion of salicylates, increasing plasma salicylate levels (3046). However, short-term use of up to 6 grams daily of vitamin C does not seem to affect urinary pH or salicylate excretion (10588,10589). The vitamin C content of rose hip is typically about 500 mg per 100 grams. Thus, a clinically significant interaction between rose hip and aspirin is unlikely.
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Theoretically, rose hip might increase blood levels of estrogens.
Details
Rose hip contains vitamin C. Increases in plasma estrogen levels of up to 55% have occured under some circumstances when vitamin C is taken concurrently with oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy, including topical products (129,130,11161). It is suggested that vitamin C prevents oxidation of estrogen in the tissues, regenerates oxidized estrogen, and reduces sulfate conjugation of estrogen in the gut wall (129,11161). When tissue levels of vitamin C are high, these processes are already maximized and supplemental vitamin C does not have any effect on estrogen levels. However, increases in plasma estrogen levels may occur when women who are deficient in vitamin C take supplements (11161).
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Theoretically, rose hip might increase blood levels of lithium.
Details
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Theoretically, rose hip might reduce the effectiveness of warfarin; however, its vitamin C content is likely too low to produce clinically significant effects.
Details
Rose hip contains vitamin C. High doses of vitamin C may reduce the response to warfarin, possibly by causing diarrhea and reducing warfarin absorption (11566). This occurred in two people who took up to 16 grams daily of vitamin C, and resulted in decreased prothrombin time (9804,9806). Lower doses of 5-10 grams daily of vitamin C can also reduce warfarin absorption, but this does not seem to be clinically significant (9805,9806,11566,11567). The vitamin C content of rose hip is typically about 500 mg per 100 grams. Thus, a clinically significant interaction between rose hip and warfarin is unlikely.
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Theoretically, sea buckthorn may increase the risk of bleeding if used with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs.
Details
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Theoretically, taking sea buckthorn with antihypertensive drugs might increase the risk of hypotension.
Details
Taking sea buckthorn appears to reduce blood pressure in some patients (74090).
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Phyto-Gen Imu-gen. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General
...Orally, the fruit (nut) of English walnut is well tolerated (8476,8477); however, it can cause softening of stools and mild bloating (6431).
Oral allergy syndrome may occur in people who are allergic to English walnuts. This is characterized by itching of the oral cavity immediately after consumption. Rarely this syndrome may cause swelling of the lips and tongue (angioedema) (8479). English walnut leaf extract has been reported to cause gastrointestinal adverse events, especially mild diarrhea (97750). Daily use of English walnut bark is associated with increased risk of tongue cancer and lip leukoplakia due to its juglone content (2,12).
Topically, English walnut hull preparations can lead to yellow or brown discoloration of skin and mucous membranes due to its juglone content. It can also cause contact dermatitis (12,12980).
Dermatologic ...Topically, English walnut hull preparations, which contain juglone, can cause a temporary yellow or brown discoloration of skin and mucous membranes. It can also cause contact dermatitis (12,12980).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, the fruit (nut) of English walnut might cause softening of stools and mild bloating (6431). Oral allergy syndrome may occur in people who are allergic to English walnuts. This is characterized by itching of the oral cavity immediately after consumption. Rarely this syndrome may cause swelling of the lips and tongue (angioedema) (8479). Walnut leaf extract has been reported to cause gastrointestinal adverse events, especially mild diarrhea, in 39% of adults in one study (97750). Daily use of walnut bark is associated with increased risk of tongue cancer and lip leukoplakia due to its juglone content (2,12).
Immunologic
...Tree nuts, which include English walnuts, can cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
Due to the prevalence of this allergy in the general population, tree nuts are classified as a major food allergen in the United States (105410).
Oral allergy syndrome may occur in people who are allergic to English walnuts. This is characterized by itching of the oral cavity immediately after consumption. Rarely this syndrome may cause swelling of the lips and tongue (angioedema) (8479).
General
...Orally, rose hip from Rosa canina is well tolerated.
Rose hip from Rosa damascena also seems to be well tolerated. A thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted for rose hip derived from other species.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Flatulence, loose stools.
Dermatologic ...Orally, one case of mild urticaria has been reported in a clinical trial for a patient taking a specific rose hip powder product (LitoZin/i-flex, Hyben Vital) 2. 5 grams twice daily (71646).
Gastrointestinal
...Orally, gastrointestinal reactions have been reported.
These include abdominal cramps, acid reflux, constipation, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, vomiting, gastrointestinal obstruction, esophagitis, heartburn, acid reflux, and water brash. However, in most cases, these adverse effects occurred at the same frequency in patients taking placebo (15,18104,71641,71646,97938).
Rose hip powder is a source of vitamin C. Osmotic diarrhea and gastrointestinal upset have been reported with doses of vitamin C greater than the tolerable upper intake level (UL) of 2000 mg daily (4844). However, most rose hip products contain only 500 mg of vitamin C per 100 grams.
Genitourinary ...Orally, a few mild cases of frequent voiding have been reported in clinical trials. However, the frequency of occurrence does not seem to differ from those taking placebo (71641,71646).
Immunologic ...When inhaled in the workplace, rose hip dust has caused mild to moderate anaphylaxis (6).
Neurologic/CNS ...Orally, vertigo and headache have been reported rarely (97938).
Ocular/Otic ...A case of keratoconjunctivitis secondary to contact with rose hip has been reported. The adverse effect was attributed to irritant hairs found on the fruit of rose hip. Symptoms resolved after treatment with topical prednisolone 1% eye drops (71642).
General
...Orally, sea buckthorn is well tolerated.
Topically, sea buckthorn fruit seems to be well tolerated.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Topically: Irritation and rash.
Dermatologic ...Orally, high doses of sea buckthorn may cause yellow staining of the skin. One case of generalized yellow skin has been reported for a patient who consumed sea buckthorn 100 grams daily for 6 months (74072). Topically, sea buckthorn oil has been associated with dryness, irritation, redness, and rash (74077,102845). Rash occurred in 4% of patients in one clinical study (74077). When used intravaginally, severe burning and itching have been reported rarely (106089).
