Proprietary blend: Mineral exudate , Crocus sativus , Elettaria cardamomum , Terminalia Chebula , Nardostachys jatamansi .
Brand name products often contain multiple ingredients. To read detailed information about each ingredient, click on the link for the individual ingredient shown above.
This product has been discontinued by the manufacturer.
This product has been discontinued by the manufacturer.
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Gastrointestinal Inflammation Support. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Gastrointestinal Inflammation Support. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods. Cardamom has Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status in the US (4912).
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when used orally in medicinal amounts, short-term. Cardamom powder 3 grams daily in 2-3 divided doses has been used with apparent safety for up to 16 weeks (95308,95597,101885,107920). ...when the essential oil is used by inhalation for aromatherapy (77054,95307).
PREGNANCY: LIKELY SAFE
when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods.
PREGNANCY: POSSIBLY UNSAFE
when used orally in medicinal amounts.
Cardamom is thought to have abortifacient and emmenagogue effects (19,39884). Avoid using amounts greater than those used in food.
LACTATION: LIKELY SAFE
when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods.
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of cardamom when used in medicinal amounts. Avoid using amounts greater than those used in food.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods. Saffron has Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status in the US for use as a spice or food coloring agent (4912).
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when used orally and appropriately in larger amounts, short-term. Saffron extracts have been used with apparent safety in clinical trials at doses of up to 100 mg daily for up to 26 weeks (11024,13103,16555,17214,17401,18102,93395,93397,93400,93403)(93407,97359,99436,100135,100138,100140,100658,100659). The saffron constituent crocin has been used with apparent safety at a dose of up to 30 mg daily for up to 3 months (93410,100139,105616).
POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when used orally in high doses or for longer than 26 weeks. Taking 5 grams or more of saffron can cause severe side effects. Doses of 12-20 grams can be lethal (12,18). There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of saffron when used topically.
PREGNANCY: LIKELY UNSAFE
when used orally in amounts exceeding those commonly found in foods.
Larger amounts of saffron have uterine stimulant and abortifacient effects (18); avoid using.
LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when used orally and appropriately, short-term. Several small studies have used Terminalia arjuna powdered bark or bark extract with apparent safely in doses up to 2000 mg or 400 mg daily, respectively, for 2 weeks to 3 months (2502,2503,2504,111012,111093); however, patients should avoid self-treatment with this product due to potentially significant cardiovascular effects. Further study is needed to determine the safety of Terminalia arjuna for long-term use.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Gastrointestinal Inflammation Support. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
Theoretically, concomitant use of saffron with antidiabetes drugs might increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
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Theoretically, concomitant use of saffron with antihypertensive drugs might have additive effects.
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Theoretically, saffron might inhibit the metabolism of caffeine.
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A small clinical study suggests that taking saffron powder 300 mg in 150 mL water daily for 5 days and then taking caffeine 200 mg seems to reduce caffeine metabolite levels in the saliva and urine in males, but not females. Theoretically, this may be due to the inhibition of cytochrome P450 1A2 by saffron (100130).
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Theoretically, concomitant use of saffron and CNS depressants might have additive sedative effects.
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Theoretically, concomitant use of Terminalia arjuna with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs may increase the risk of bleeding in some patients.
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In vitro, Terminalia arjuna bark extract inhibits platelet aggregation, decreases platelet activation, and shows antithrombotic properties (92831).
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Theoretically, use of Terminalia arjuna may increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP2C9 substrates.
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In vitro research shows that Terminalia arjuna extract inhibits CYP2C9 enzymes and reduces CYP2C9 substrate metabolism (96729).
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Theoretically, use of Terminalia arjuna may increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP2D6 substrates.
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In vitro research shows that Terminalia arjuna extract inhibits CYP2D6 enzymes and reduces CYP2D6 substrate metabolism (96729).
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Theoretically, use of Terminalia arjuna may increase the levels and clinical effects of CYP3A4 substrates.
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In vitro research shows that Terminalia arjuna extract inhibits CYP3A4 enzymes and reduces CYP3A4 substrate metabolism (96729).
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Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Gastrointestinal Inflammation Support. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General ...Orally, cardamom seems to be well tolerated.
Dermatologic ...Orally, mild skin inflammation due to cardamom has been reported in one participant of a clinical trial (101887). Topically, a case report describes chronic hand dermatitis in a confectioner frequently exposed to cardamom. Skin patch tests were positive for cardamom, and for terpenoids present in the seeds (39875).
Genitourinary ...Orally, dysuria due to cardamom has been reported in one participant of a clinical trial (101887). Also, a case report describes a 5-year-old female who developed hematuria after eating ice cream flavored with cardamom. It resolved spontaneously and there was no re-challenge (95306). It is not clear if cardamom is the direct cause of hematuria in this case.
General
...Orally, saffron extract seems to be generally well tolerated.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Gastrointestinal complaints, nausea, sedation, vomiting.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: Anaphylaxis.
Dermatologic ...Orally, sweating and flushing have been reported in clinical research for patients taking saffron 30-60 mg daily (93402,93409). Saffron poisoning can occur with oral intake of doses of 5 grams or more and symptoms include yellow appearance of the skin (2,11).
Gastrointestinal ...Orally, saffron has been associated with changes in appetite, nausea, and vomiting when given at doses of 30 mg twice daily for 26 weeks, or when the saffron constituent crocin was given as 15 mg twice daily for 12 weeks (18102,105616). At lower doses of 30 mg daily, the occurrence rate of these and other adverse events such as dry mouth, dyspepsia, diarrhea, and constipation was rare or similar to placebo (13103,93395,93402,93409). Saffron poisoning can occur with oral intake of doses of 5 grams or more and symptoms include yellow appearance of the mucous membranes (mimicking icterus), vomiting, and bloody diarrhea (2,11).
Genitourinary
...One report of excessive uterine bleeding occurred in a clinical trial.
The patient was taking the saffron constituent crocin 15 mg twice daily. It is unclear whether this event was related to treatment with the saffron constituent (93410).
Saffron poisoning can occur with oral intake of doses of 5 grams or more; symptoms include bleeding from the uterus (2,11).
Hematologic
...Orally, saffron extract has been reported to cause decreases in platelet, white blood cell, and red blood cell counts after 7 days to 12 weeks of use with doses of 60-200 mg daily.
Many of these decreases were only significant when compared to baseline but did not maintain significance when compared to placebo. These reductions were not considered clinically significant (18102,72473,93403,93409).
Saffron poisoning can occur with oral intake of doses of 5 grams or more; symptoms include bloody diarrhea, hematuria, bleeding from the nose, lips, eyelids or uterus, and thrombocytopenic purpura (2,11).
Immunologic ...Allergy to oral saffron has been reported in clinical trials (93404). Anaphylactic reactions can occur within minutes of eating food prepared with saffron (4107,72555). Occupational exposure to saffron has been associated with the development of rhinoconjunctivitis and allergy-induced asthma (4106).
Neurologic/CNS ...Orally, saffron has been reported to cause drowsiness, headache, agitation, and sedation when given at doses of 30 mg twice daily for up to 26 weeks or when crocin is given as 15 mg twice daily for 12 weeks (18102,105616). At doses of 30 mg daily for 6 weeks, the side effect occurrence rate was similar to placebo (13103). Saffron poisoning can occur with oral intake of doses of 5 grams or more; symptoms include vertigo and numbness (2,11).
Ocular/Otic ...Orally, saffron poisoning with oral intake of doses of 5 grams or more can cause ocular symptoms such as yellow appearance of the sclera (2,11).
Psychiatric ...Orally, saffron has been reported to cause anxiety and hypomania when given at doses of 30 mg twice daily for 26 weeks (18102). At doses of 30 mg daily for 6 weeks, the occurrence rate was similar to placebo (13103,93395). One report of agitation occurred in a clinical trial. The patient was taking the saffron constituent crocin 15 mg twice daily. It is unclear whether this event was related to treatment with the saffron constituent (93410).
Renal ...Orally, the saffron constituent crocin given as 15 mg twice daily for 12 week was associated with one case of urinary incontinence (105616). Saffron poisoning can occur with oral intake of doses of 5 grams or more; symptoms include hematuria and uremic collapse (2,11).
General ...There is currently a limited amount of information available on the adverse effects of oral Terminalia arjuna. A thorough evaluation of safety outcomes has not been conducted.