References
Apple
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The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Co., 1999.
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Davidson MH, Dugan LD, Stocki J, et al. A low-viscosity soluble-fiber fruit juice supplement fails to lower cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic men and women. J Nutr 1998;128:1927-32. View abstract.
3469
Butland BK, Fehily AM, Elwood PC. Diet and lung function decline in a cohort of 2512 middle aged men. Thorax 2000;55:102-8. View abstract.
3470
Le Marchand L, Murphy SP, Hankin JH, et al. Intake of flavonoids and lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000;92:154-60. View abstract.
3472
Dekkers R. Apple juice and the chemical-contact softening of gallstones. Lancet 1999;354:2171.
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Castleman M. The healing herbs, the ultimate guide to the curative power of nature's medicines. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Bantam Books, 1995.
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Lust J. The herb book. New York, NY: Bantam Books, 1999.
7046
Bailey DG, Dresser GK, Munoz C, et al. Reduction of fexofenadine bioavailability by fruit juices. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2001;69:P21.
7129
Rodriguez J, Crespo JF, Lopez-Rubio A, et al. Clinical cross-reactivity among foods of the Rosaceae family. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;106:183-189. View abstract.
12575
Rabbani GH, Teka T, Zaman B, et al. Clinical studies in persistent diarrhea: dietary management with green banana or pectin in Bangladeshi children. Gastroenterology 2001;121:554-60. View abstract.
13141
Mahalko JR, Sandstead HH, Johnson LK, et al. Effect of consuming fiber from corn bran, soy hulls, or apple powder on glucose tolerance and plasma lipids in type II diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr 1984;39:25-34. View abstract.
17603
Greenblatt DJ. Analysis of drug interactions involving fruit beverages and organic anion-transporting polypeptides. J Clin Pharmacol 2009;49:1403-7. View abstract.
17604
Bailey DG. Fruit juice inhibition of uptake transport: a new type of food-drug interaction. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2010;70:645-55. View abstract.
17605
Kamath AV, Yao M, Zhang Y, Chong S. Effect of fruit juices on the oral bioavailability of fexofenadine in rats. J Pharm Sci 2005;94:233-9. View abstract.
17670
Tapaninen T, Neuvonen PJ, Niemi M. Orange and apple juice greatly reduce the plasma concentrations of the OATP2B1 substrate aliskiren. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2011;71:718-26. View abstract.
17997
Conceição de Oliveira M, Sichieri R, Sanchez Moura A. Weight loss associated with a daily intake of three apples or three pears among overweight women. Nutrition 2003;19:253-6. View abstract.
17998
Kunkel SD. Elmore CJ, Bongers KS, et al. Ursolic acid increases skeletal muscle and brown fat and decreases diet-induced obesity, glucose intolerance and fatty liver disease. PLoS One 2012;7:e39332. View abstract.
17999
Jeon H, Jang IJ, Lee S, et al. Apple juice greatly reduces systemic exposure to atenolol. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2012 May 11. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04324.x. [Epub ahead of print]. View abstract.
19705
Becker B, Kuhn U, Hardewig-Budny B. Double-blind, randomized evaluation of clinical efficacy and tolerability of an apple pectin-chamomile extract in children with unspecific diarrhea. Arzneimittelforschung 2006;56(6):387-393. View abstract.
19706
de la Motte S, Bose-O'Reilly S, Heinisch M, Harrison F. [Double-blind comparison of an apple pectin-chamomile extract preparation with placebo in children with diarrhea]. Arzneimittelforschung 1997;47(11):1247-1249. View abstract.
25461
Balay, K. S., Hawthorne, K. M., Hicks, P. D., Griffin, I. J., Chen, Z., Westerman, M., and Abrams, S. A. Orange but not apple juice enhances ferrous fumarate absorption in small children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2010;50(5):545-550. View abstract.
31657
Sobolev, M. B., Khatskel', S. B., and Muradov, A. I. [Enterosorption by nonstarch polysaccharides as a method of treatment of children with mercury poisoning]. Vopr.Pitan. 1999;68(1):28-30. View abstract.
31665
Kamimura, A., Takahashi, T., and Watanabe, Y. Investigation of topical application of procyanidin B-2 from apple to identify its potential use as a hair growing agent. Phytomedicine. 2000;7(6):529-536. View abstract.
31666
Naguib, M., Samarkandimb, A. H., Al-Hattab, Y., Turkistani, A., Delvi, M. B., Riad, W., and Attia, M. Metabolic, hormonal and gastric fluid and pH changes after different preoperative feeding regimens. Can J Anaesth. 2001;48(4):344-350. View abstract.
31667
Takahashi, T., Kamimura, A., Yokoo, Y., Honda, S., and Watanabe, Y. The first clinical trial of topical application of procyanidin B-2 to investigate its potential as a hair growing agent. Phytother.Res 2001;15(4):331-336. View abstract.
31668
Mayer, B., Schumacher, M., Brandstatter, H., Wagner, F. S., and Hermetter, A. High-throughput fluorescence screening of antioxidative capacity in human serum. Anal.Biochem 10-15-2001;297(2):144-153. View abstract.
31671
Yaneva, M. P., Botushanova, A. D., Grigorov, L. A., Kokov, J. L., Todorova, E. P., and Krachanova, M. G. Evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of Aronia in combination with apple pectin in patients with breast cancer undergoing postoperative radiation therapy. Folia Med (Plovdiv.) 2002;44(1-2):22-25. View abstract.
31673
Lazareva, E. B., Spiridonova, T. G., Chernega, E. N., Plesskaia, L. G., Grunenkova, I. V., Smirnov, S. V., and Men'shikov, D. D. [Topical pectins for the treatment of burn wounds]. Antibiot.Khimioter. 2002;47(9):9-13. View abstract.
31674
Pirich, C., Schmid, P., Pidlich, J., and Sinzinger, H. [Lowering cholesterol with Anticholest--a high fiber guar-apple pectin drink]. Wien.Klin Wochenschr. 1992;104(11):314-316. View abstract.
31675
Campbell, G., Pickles, T., and D'yachkova, Y. A randomised trial of cranberry versus apple juice in the management of urinary symptoms during external beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer. Clin Oncol.(R.Coll Radiol.) 2003;15(6):322-328. View abstract.
31676
Shah, M., Griffin, I. J., Lifschitz, C. H., and Abrams, S. A. Effect of orange and apple juices on iron absorption in children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2003;157(12):1232-1236. View abstract.
31677
Nesterenko, V. B., Nesterenko, A. V., Babenko, V. I., Yerkovich, T. V., and Babenko, I. V. Reducing the 137Cs-load in the organism of "Chernobyl" children with apple-pectin. Swiss.Med Wkly. 1-10-2004;134(1-2):24-27. View abstract.
31678
Bell, J. A. and Whiting, S. J. Effect of fruit on net acid and urinary calcium excretion in an acute feeding trial of women. Nutrition 2004;20(5):492-493. View abstract.
31680
Visvanathan, R., Chen, R., Horowitz, M., and Chapman, I. Blood pressure responses in healthy older people to 50 g carbohydrate drinks with differing glycaemic effects. Br J Nutr 2004;92(2):335-340. View abstract.
31681
Akazome, Y. Characteristics and physiological functions of polyphenols from apples. Biofactors 2004;22(1-4):311-314. View abstract.
31682
Bandazhevskaya, G. S., Nesterenko, V. B., Babenko, V. I., Yerkovich, T. V., and Bandazhevsky, Y. I. Relationship between caesium (137Cs) load, cardiovascular symptoms, and source of food in 'Chernobyl' children -- preliminary observations after intake of oral apple pectin. Swiss.Med Wkly. 12-18-2004;134(49-50):725-729. View abstract.
31683
Ko, S. H., Choi, S. W., Ye, S. K., Cho, B. L., Kim, H. S., and Chung, M. H. Comparison of the antioxidant activities of nine different fruits in human plasma. J Med Food 2005;8(1):41-46. View abstract.
31685
Castillo-Zamora, C., Castillo-Peralta, L. A., and Nava-Ocampo, A. A. Randomized trial comparing overnight preoperative fasting period Vs oral administration of apple juice at 06:00-06:30 am in pediatric orthopedic surgical patients. Paediatr.Anaesth. 2005;15(8):638-642. View abstract.
31686
Howell, A. B., Reed, J. D., Krueger, C. G., Winterbottom, R., Cunningham, D. G., and Leahy, M. A-type cranberry proanthocyanidins and uropathogenic bacterial anti-adhesion activity. Phytochemistry 2005;66(18):2281-2291. View abstract.
31687
Valois, S., Costa-Ribeiro, H., Jr., Mattos, A., Ribeiro, T. C., Mendes, C. M., and Lifshitz, F. Controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the impact of fruit juice consumption on the evolution of infants with acute diarrhea. Nutr J 2005;4:23. View abstract.
31688
Gallus, S., Talamini, R., Giacosa, A., Montella, M., Ramazzotti, V., Franceschi, S., Negri, E., and La, Vecchia C. Does an apple a day keep the oncologist away? Ann Oncol. 2005;16(11):1841-1844. View abstract.
31690
Enomoto, T., Nagasako-Akazome, Y., Kanda, T., Ikeda, M., and Dake, Y. Clinical effects of apple polyphenols on persistent allergic rhinitis: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled parallel arm study. J Investig.Allergol.Clin Immunol. 2006;16(5):283-289. View abstract.
31692
Splinter, W. M., Stewart, J. A., and Muir, J. G. Large volumes of apple juice preoperatively do not affect gastric pH and volume in children. Can J Anaesth. 1990;37(1):36-39. View abstract.
31695
Splinter, W. M., Stewart, J. A., and Muir, J. G. The effect of preoperative apple juice on gastric contents, thirst, and hunger in children. Can J Anaesth. 1989;36(1):55-58. View abstract.
31696
Anderson, J. W., Gustafson, N. J., Bryant, C. A., and Tietyen-Clark, J. Dietary fiber and diabetes: a comprehensive review and practical application. J Am Diet Assoc 1987;87(9):1189-1197. View abstract.
31697
Kang, J. Y., Tay, H. H., Guan, R., Math, M. V., Yap, I., and Labrooy, S. J. Dietary supplementation with pectin in the maintenance treatment of duodenal ulcer. A controlled study. Scand J Gastroenterol 1988;23(1):95-99. View abstract.
31699
Asp, N. G., Agardh, C. D., Ahren, B., Dencker, I., Johansson, C. G., Lundquist, I., Nyman, M., Sartor, G., and Schersten, B. Dietary fibre in type II diabetes. Acta Med Scand Suppl 1981;656:47-50. View abstract.
31700
Mayne, P. D., McGill, A. R., Gormley, T. R., Tomkin, G. H., Julian, T. R., and O'Moore, R. R. The effect of apple fibre on diabetic control and plasma lipids. Ir J Med Sci 1982;151(2):36-41. View abstract.
31703
Cummings, J. H., Branch, W., Jenkins, D. J., Southgate, D. A., Houston, H., and James, W. P. Colonic response to dietary fibre from carrot, cabbage, apple, bran. Lancet 1978;1(8054):5-9. View abstract.
31704
Paut, O. and Camboulives, J. [Perioperative fasting in children: current data]. Arch Pediatr 1995;2(8):774-782. View abstract.
31705
Hoekstra, J. H., van den Aker, J. H., Ghoos, Y. F., Hartemink, R., and Kneepkens, C. M. Fluid intake and industrial processing in apple juice induced chronic non-specific diarrhoea. Arch Dis Child 1995;73(2):126-130. View abstract.
31708
Valenkevich, L. N. [Apple powder in the treatment of patients with chronic enteritis]. Vopr.Pitan. 1993;(3):24-27. View abstract.
31709
Maekawa, N., Mikawa, K., Yaku, H., Nishina, K., and Obara, H. Effects of 2-, 4- and 12-hour fasting intervals on preoperative gastric fluid pH and volume, and plasma glucose and lipid homeostasis in children. Acta Anaesthesiol.Scand 1993;37(8):783-787. View abstract.
31710
Tanabe, T., Hashimoto, Y., Sugihara, K., Miyata, A., Maeda, A., Ishihara, H., and Matsuki, A. [The effect of preoperative oral fluid intake on the volume and pH of gastric contents in elective surgical patients--a comparison of tea with apple juice]. Masui 1996;45(8):967-970. View abstract.
31714
Mee, K. A. and Gee, D. L. Apple fiber and gum arabic lowers total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in men with mild hypercholesterolemia. J Am Diet Assoc 1997;97(4):422-424. View abstract.
31715
Tanabe, T., Ebina, M., Ishihara, H., Matsuki, A., Oshima, S., and Fukushi, S. [Preanesthetic meals in elective surgical patients]. Masui 1997;46(6):788-792. View abstract.
31718
Young, J. F., Nielsen, S. E., Haraldsdottir, J., Daneshvar, B., Lauridsen, S. T., Knuthsen, P., Crozier, A., Sandstrom, B., and Dragsted, L. O. Effect of fruit juice intake on urinary quercetin excretion and biomarkers of antioxidative status. Am J Clin Nutr 1999;69(1):87-94. View abstract.
67924
Ballot, D., Baynes, R. D., Bothwell, T. H., Gillooly, M., MacFarlane, B. J., MacPhail, A. P., Lyons, G., Derman, D. P., Bezwoda, W. R., Torrance, J. D., and . The effects of fruit juices and fruits on the absorption of iron from a rice meal. Br J Nutr 1987;57(3):331-343. View abstract.
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Brouns F, Theuwissen E, Adam A, Bell M, Berger A, Mensink RP. Cholesterol-lowering properties of different pectin types in mildly hyper-cholesterolemic men and women. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2012 May;66(5):591-9. View abstract.
94413
Akamine Y, Miura M, Komori H, et al. Effects of one-time apple juice ingestion on the pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine enantiomers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Sep;70(9):1087-95. View Abstract.
94414
Chai SC, Hooshmand S, Saadat RL, Payton ME, Brummel-Smith K, Arjmandi BH. Daily apple versus dried plum: impact on cardiovascular disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012 Aug;112(8):1158-68. View Abstract.
94415
Hollands WJ, Hart DJ, Dainty JR,et al. Bioavailability of epicatechin and effects on nitric oxide metabolites of an apple flavanol-rich extract supplemented beverage compared to a whole apple puree: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2013 Jul;57(7):1209-17. View abstract.
94418
Joy JM, Falcone PH, Vogel RM, Mosman MM, Kim MP, Moon JR. Supplementation with a proprietary blend of ancient peat and apple extract may improve body composition without affecting hematology in resistance-trained men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2015 Nov;40(11):1171-7. View abstract.
94419
Joy JM, Vogel RM, Moon JR, et al.Ancient peat and apple extracts supplementation may improve strength and power adaptations in resistance trained men. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016 Jul 18;16:224. View abstract.
94420
Kopac P, Rudin M, Gentinetta T, et al. Continuous apple consumption induces oral tolerance in birch-pollen-associated apple allergy. Allergy. 2012 Feb;67(2):280-5. View abstract.
94421
Luo J, Imai H, Ohyama T, et al. The Pharmacokinetic Exposure to Fexofenadine is Volume-Dependently Reduced in Healthy Subjects Following Oral Administration With Apple Juice. Clin Transl Sci. 2016 Aug;9(4):201-6. View abstract.
94422
Remington R, Chan A, Lepore A, Kotlya E, Shea TB. Apple juice improved behavioral but not cognitive symptoms in moderate-to-late stage Alzheimer's disease in an open-label pilot study. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2010 Jun;25(4):367-71. View abstract.
94423
Soriano-Maldonado A, Hidalgo M, Arteaga P, de Pascual-Teresa S, Nova E. Effects of regular consumption of vitamin C-rich or polyphenol-rich apple juice on cardiometabolic markers in healthy adults: a randomized crossover trial. Eur J Nutr. 2014 Dec;53(8):1645-57. View abstract.
94425
Tsiougkos N, Vovolis V. Repeated anaphylactic episodes to orange and apple. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013 May;45(3):113-5. View abstract.
94426
Wruss J, Lanzerstorfer P, Huemer S, et al. Differences in pharmacokinetics of apple polyphenols after standardized oral consumption of unprocessed apple juice. Nutr J. 2015 Apr 1;14:32. View abstract.
94427
Francini A, Sebastiani L. Phenolic Compounds in Apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.): Compounds Characterization and Stability during Postharvest and after Processing. Antioxidants (Basel). 2013 Sep 18;2(3):181-93. View abstract.
99446
Bondonno NP, Bondonno CP, Blekkenhorst LC, et al. Flavonoid-Rich Apple Improves Endothelial Function in Individuals at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2018;62(3). View abstract.
99447
Rubido S, García-Caballero L, Abeleira MT, Limeres J, García M, Diz P. Effect of chewing an apple on dental plaque removal and on salivary bacterial viability. PLoS One. 2018;13(7):e0199812. View abstract.
99448
Sansone K, Kern M, Hong MY, Liu C, Hooshmand S. Acute Effects of Dried Apple Consumption on Metabolic and Cognitive Responses in Healthy Individuals. J Med Food. 2018;21(11):1158-1164. View abstract.
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Krishnasamy S, Lomer MCE, Marciani L, et al. Processing apples to puree or juice speeds gastric emptying and reduces postprandial intestinal volumes and satiety in healthy adults. J Nutr 2020;150(11):2890-9. View abstract.
105342
Awan S, Abelleira A, Khehra L, Hieber R. Undetectable serum lithium concentrations after coadministration of liquid lithium citrate and apple juice: A case report. Ment Health Clin. 2021;11(1):27-30. View abstract.
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Liddle DM, Lin X, Ward EM, Cox LC, Wright AJ, Robinson LE. Apple consumption reduces markers of postprandial inflammation following a high fat meal in overweight and obese adults: A randomized, crossover trial. Food Funct 2021;12(14):6348-6362. View abstract.
108793
Liddle DM, Lin X, Cox LC, et al. Daily apple consumption reduces plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cell-secreted inflammatory biomarkers in adults with overweight and obesity: a 6-week randomized, controlled, parallel-arm trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2021;114(2):752-763. View abstract.