Monographs on the medicinal uses of plant drugs. Exeter, UK: European Scientific Co-op Phytother, 1997.

Blumenthal M, ed. The Complete German Commission E Monographs: Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Trans. S. Klein. Boston, MA: American Botanical Council, 1998.

Tyler VE. Herbs of Choice. Binghamton, NY: Pharmaceutical Products Press, 1994.

Newall CA, Anderson LA, Philpson JD. Herbal Medicine: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals. London, UK: The Pharmaceutical Press, 1996.

Foster S, Tyler VE. Tyler's Honest Herbal: A Sensible Guide to the Use of Herbs and Related Remedies. 3rd ed., Binghamton, NY: Haworth Herbal Press, 1993.

Subrahmanyam M. A prospective randomized, clinical and histological study of superficial burn wound healing with honey and silver sulfadiazine. Burns 1998;24:157-61. View abstract.

Fung MC, Bowen DL. Silver products for medical indications: risk-benefit assessment. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1996;34:119-26. View abstract.

Fung MC, Weintraub M, Bowen DL. Colloidal silver proteins marketed as health supplements. JAMA 1995;274:1196-7.

Fung MC, Weintraub M, Bowen DL. Colloidal silver proteins marketed as health supplements. JAMA 1995;274:1196-7. View abstract.

Gulbranson SH, Hud JA, Hansen RC. Argyria following the use of dietary supplements containing colloidal silver protein. Cutis 2000;66:373-4. View abstract.

Hori K, Martin TG, Rainey P, Robertson WO. Believe it or not--silver still poisons! Vet Hum Toxicol 2002;44:291-2.. View abstract.

McKenna JK, Hull CM, Zone JJ. Argyria associated with colloidal silver supplementation. Int J Dermatol 2003;42:549.. View abstract.

Cohen LE, Spurlock R, Salem A, Mercado E. Argyria in the silver state. Federal Practitioner 2004;April:9-17.

FDA issues final rule on OTC drug products containing colloidal silver. FDA Talk Paper, Aug 17, 1999. Available online: http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/ANSWERS/ANS0971.html

Over-the-counter drug products containing colloidal silver ingredients or silver salts. Pharmacist's Letter / Prescriber's Letter 1997;13(3):130315.

Mornex, R., Zech, P., Pellet, M., and Tourniaire, J. [Study of digestive absorption of iodine. I. Demonstration of the inhibition of inorganic iodine absorption by the addition of silver protein]. C.R.Seances Soc Biol Fil. 8-31-1963;157:823-825. View abstract.

Noordenbos, J., Dore, C., and Hansbrough, J. F. Safety and efficacy of TransCyte for the treatment of partial-thickness burns. J Burn Care Rehabil 1999;20(4):275-281. View abstract.

O'Meara, S. M., Cullum, N. A., Majid, M., and Sheldon, T. A. Systematic review of antimicrobial agents used for chronic wounds. Br J Surg 2001;88(1):4-21. View abstract.

de Gracia, C. G. An open study comparing topical silver sulfadiazine and topical silver sulfadiazine-cerium nitrate in the treatment of moderate and severe burns. Burns 2001;27(1):67-74. View abstract.

Innes, M. E., Umraw, N., Fish, J. S., Gomez, M., and Cartotto, R. C. The use of silver coated dressings on donor site wounds: a prospective, controlled matched pair study. Burns 2001;27(6):621-627. View abstract.

Sibbald, R. G., Browne, A. C., Coutts, P., and Queen, D. Screening evaluation of an ionized nanocrystalline silver dressing in chronic wound care. Ostomy.Wound Manage. 2001;47(10):38-43. View abstract.

Fumal, I., Braham, C., Paquet, P., Pierard-Franchimont, C., and Pierard, G. E. The beneficial toxicity paradox of antimicrobials in leg ulcer healing impaired by a polymicrobial flora: a proof-of-concept study. Dermatology 2002;204 Suppl 1:70-74. View abstract.

White, J. M., Powell, A. M., Brady, K., and Russell-Jones, R. Severe generalized argyria secondary to ingestion of colloidal silver protein. Clin.Exp.Dermatol. 2003;28(3):254-256. View abstract.

Afilalo, M., Dankoff, J., Guttman, A., and Lloyd, J. DuoDERM hydroactive dressing versus silver sulphadiazine/Bactigras in the emergency treatment of partial skin thickness burns. Burns 1992;18(4):313-316. View abstract.

Carneiro, P. M., Rwanyuma, L. R., and Mkony, C. A. A comparison of topical Phenytoin with Silverex in the treatment of superficial dermal burn wounds. Cent.Afr J Med 2002;48(9-10):105-108. View abstract.

Karlsmark, T., Agerslev, R. H., Bendz, S. H., Larsen, J. R., Roed-Petersen, J., and Andersen, K. E. Clinical performance of a new silver dressing, Contreet Foam, for chronic exuding venous leg ulcers. J Wound Care 2003;12(9):351-354. View abstract.

DVORAK, V. [Is Crede's method still necessary?]. Cesk.Oftalmol. 1950;6(3):173-176. View abstract.

[Crede's lapis instillations]. Tidsskr.Nor Laegeforen. 8-15-1951;71(16):524-525. View abstract.

Bishop, J. B., Phillips, L. G., Mustoe, T. A., VanderZee, A. J., Wiersema, L., Roach, D. E., Heggers, J. P., Hill, D. P., Jr., Taylor, E. L., and Robson, M. C. A prospective randomized evaluator-blinded trial of two potential wound healing agents for the treatment of venous stasis ulcers. J Vasc.Surg 1992;16(2):251-257. View abstract.

Jones, S. A., Bowler, P. G., Walker, M., and Parsons, D. Controlling wound bioburden with a novel silver-containing Hydrofiber dressing. Wound Repair Regen. 2004;12(3):288-294. View abstract.

Verdu, Soriano J., Rueda, Lopez J., Martinez, Cuervo F., and Soldevilla, Agreda J. Effects of an activated charcoal silver dressing on chronic wounds with no clinical signs of infection. J Wound Care 2004;13(10):419, 421-419, 423. View abstract.

Wadhera, A. and Fung, M. Systemic argyria associated with ingestion of colloidal silver. Dermatol Online.J 2005;11(1):12. View abstract.

Rayman, G., Rayman, A., Baker, N. R., Jurgeviciene, N., Dargis, V., Sulcaite, R., Pantelejeva, O., Harding, K. G., Price, P., Lohmann, M., Thomsen, J. K., Gad, P., and Gottrup, F. Sustained silver-releasing dressing in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Br J Nurs. 1-27-2005;14(2):109-114. View abstract.

Van de Voorde, K., Nijsten, T., Schelfhout, K., Moorkens, G., and Lambert, J. Long-term use of silver containing nose-drops resulting in systemic argyria. Acta Clin Belg. 2005;60(1):33-35. View abstract.

Brandt, D., Park, B., Hoang, M., and Jacobe, H. T. Argyria secondary to ingestion of homemade silver solution. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005;53(2 Suppl 1):S105-S107. View abstract.

Meaume, S., Vallet, D., Morere, M. N., and Teot, L. Evaluation of a silver-releasing hydroalginate dressing in chronic wounds with signs of local infection. J Wound Care 2005;14(9):411-419. View abstract.

Bergin, S. M. and Wraight, P. Silver based wound dressings and topical agents for treating diabetic foot ulcers. Cochrane Database.Syst.Rev 2006;(1):CD005082. View abstract.

Jorgensen, B., Bech-Thomsen, N., Grenov, B., and Gottrup, F. Effect of a new silver dressing on chronic venous leg ulcers with signs of critical colonisation. J Wound Care 2006;15(3):97-100. View abstract.

Ziegler, K., Gorl, R., Effing, J., Ellermann, J., Mappes, M., Otten, S., Kapp, H., Zoellner, P., Spaeth, D., and Smola, H. Reduced cellular toxicity of a new silver-containing antimicrobial dressing and clinical performance in non-healing wounds. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2006;19(3):140-146. View abstract.

Coutts, P. and Sibbald, R. G. The effect of a silver-containing Hydrofiber dressing on superficial wound bed and bacterial balance of chronic wounds. Int Wound J 2005;2(4):348-356. View abstract.

Caruso, D. M., Foster, K. N., Blome-Eberwein, S. A., Twomey, J. A., Herndon, D. N., Luterman, A., Silverstein, P., Antimarino, J. R., and Bauer, G. J. Randomized clinical study of Hydrofiber dressing with silver or silver sulfadiazine in the management of partial-thickness burns. J Burn Care Res 2006;27(3):298-309. View abstract.

Munter, K. C., Beele, H., Russell, L., Crespi, A., Grochenig, E., Basse, P., Alikadic, N., Fraulin, F., Dahl, C., and Jemma, A. P. Effect of a sustained silver-releasing dressing on ulcers with delayed healing: the CONTOP study. J Wound Care 2006;15(5):199-206. View abstract.

Jorgensen, B., Price, P., Andersen, K. E., Gottrup, F., Bech-Thomsen, N., Scanlon, E., Kirsner, R., Rheinen, H., Roed-Petersen, J., Romanelli, M., Jemec, G., Leaper, D. J., Neumann, M. H., Veraart, J., Coerper, S., Agerslev, R. H., Bendz, S. H., Larsen, J. R., and Sibbald, R. G. The silver-releasing foam dressing, Contreet Foam, promotes faster healing of critically colonised venous leg ulcers: a randomised, controlled trial. Int Wound J 2005;2(1):64-73. View abstract.

Lansdown, A. B. Silver in health care: antimicrobial effects and safety in use. Curr Probl.Dermatol 2006;33:17-34. View abstract.

Muangman, P., Chuntrasakul, C., Silthram, S., Suvanchote, S., Benjathanung, R., Kittidacha, S., and Rueksomtawin, S. Comparison of efficacy of 1% silver sulfadiazine and Acticoat for treatment of partial-thickness burn wounds. J Med Assoc.Thai. 2006;89(7):953-958. View abstract.

Panacek, A., Kvitek, L., Prucek, R., Kolar, M., Vecerova, R., Pizurova, N., Sharma, V. K., Nevecna, T., and Zboril, R. Silver colloid nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and their antibacterial activity. J Phys Chem.B 8-24-2006;110(33):16248-16253. View abstract.

Tian, J., Wong, K. K., Ho, C. M., Lok, C. N., Yu, W. Y., Che, C. M., Chiu, J. F., and Tam, P. K. Topical delivery of silver nanoparticles promotes wound healing. ChemMedChem. 2007;2(1):129-136. View abstract.

Chang, A. L., Khosravi, V., and Egbert, B. A case of argyria after colloidal silver ingestion. J Cutan.Pathol 2006;33(12):809-811. View abstract.

Vermeulen, H., van Hattem, J. M., Storm-Versloot, M. N., and Ubbink, D. T. Topical silver for treating infected wounds. Cochrane Database.Syst.Rev 2007;(1):CD005486. View abstract.

Jude, E. B., Apelqvist, J., Spraul, M., and Martini, J. Prospective randomized controlled study of Hydrofiber dressing containing ionic silver or calcium alginate dressings in non-ischaemic diabetic foot ulcers. Diabet.Med 2007;24(3):280-288. View abstract.

Sakai, N., Aoki, M., Miyazawa, S., Akita, M., Takezaki, S., and Kawana, S. A case of generalized argyria caused by the use of silver protein as a disinfection medicine. Acta Derm.Venereol. 2007;87(2):186-187. View abstract.

Chambers, H., Dumville, J. C., and Cullum, N. Silver treatments for leg ulcers: a systematic review. Wound Repair Regen. 2007;15(2):165-173. View abstract.

Kim, D. W., Hong, G. H., Lee, H. H., Choi, S. H., Chun, B. G., Won, C. K., Hwang, I. K., and Won, M. H. Effect of colloidal silver against the cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide and naphthazarin on primary cultured cortical astrocytes. Int J Neurosci. 2007;117(3):387-400. View abstract.

Lazareth, I., Ourabah, Z., Senet, P., Cartier, H., Sauvadet, A., and Bohbot, S. Evaluation of a new silver foam dressing in patients with critically colonised venous leg ulcers. J Wound Care 2007;16(3):129-132. View abstract.

Jurczak, F., Dugre, T., Johnstone, A., Offori, T., Vujovic, Z., and Hollander, D. Randomised clinical trial of Hydrofiber dressing with silver versus povidone-iodine gauze in the management of open surgical and traumatic wounds. Int Wound J 2007;4(1):66-76. View abstract.

Lansdown, A. B. Critical observations on the neurotoxicity of silver. Crit Rev Toxicol. 2007;37(3):237-250. View abstract.

Childress, B. B., Berceli, S. A., Nelson, P. R., Lee, W. A., and Ozaki, C. K. Impact of an absorbent silver-eluting dressing system on lower extremity revascularization wound complications. Ann Vasc.Surg 2007;21(5):598-602. View abstract.

Okan, D., Woo, K., and Sibbald, R. G. So what if you are blue? Oral colloidal silver and argyria are out: safe dressings are in. Adv Skin Wound.Care 2007;20(6):326-330. View abstract.

Kalouche, H., Watson, A., and Routley, D. Blue lunulae: argyria and hypercopprecaemia. Australas.J Dermatol 2007;48(3):182-184. View abstract.

Speaker, M. G. and Menikoff, J. A. Prophylaxis of endophthalmitis with topical povidone-iodine. Ophthalmology 1991;98(12):1769-1775. View abstract.

Galiano, K., Pleifer, C., Engelhardt, K., Brossner, G., Lackner, P., Huck, C., Lass-Florl, C., and Obwegeser, A. Silver segregation and bacterial growth of intraventricular catheters impregnated with silver nanoparticles in cerebrospinal fluid drainages. Neurol.Res 2008;30(3):285-287. View abstract.

Homann, H. H., Rosbach, O., Moll, W., Vogt, P. M., Germann, G., Hopp, M., Langer-Brauburger, B., Reimer, K., and Steinau, H. U. A liposome hydrogel with polyvinyl-pyrrolidone iodine in the local treatment of partial-thickness burn wounds. Ann Plast.Surg 2007;59(4):423-427. View abstract.

Baker, C. D., Federico, M. J., and Accurso, F. J. Case report: skin discoloration following administration of colloidal silver in cystic fibrosis. Curr Opin.Pediatr 2007;19(6):733-735. View abstract.

Tien, D. C., Tseng, K. H., Liao, C. Y., and Tsung, T. T. Colloidal silver fabrication using the spark discharge system and its antimicrobial effect on Staphylococcus aureus. Med Eng Phys 2008;30(8):948-952. View abstract.

Silva, L. R., Gurgel, R. Q., Lima, D. R., and Cuevas, L. E. Current usefulness of Crede's method of preventing neonatal ophthalmia. Ann Trop.Paediatr. 2008;28(1):45-48. View abstract.

Lackner, P., Beer, R., Broessner, G., Helbok, R., Galiano, K., Pleifer, C., Pfausler, B., Brenneis, C., Huck, C., Engelhardt, K., Obwegeser, A. A., and Schmutzhard, E. Efficacy of silver nanoparticles-impregnated external ventricular drain catheters in patients with acute occlusive hydrocephalus. Neurocrit.Care 2008;8(3):360-365. View abstract.

Kassler, J. and Barnett, J. A rehabilitation hospital's experience with ionic silver Foley catheters. Urol.Nurs. 2008;28(2):97-99. View abstract.

Wu, Q., Cao, H., Luan, Q., Zhang, J., Wang, Z., Warner, J. H., and Watt, A. A. Biomolecule-assisted synthesis of water-soluble silver nanoparticles and their biomedical applications. Inorg.Chem. 7-7-2008;47(13):5882-5888. View abstract.

Arora, S., Jain, J., Rajwade, J. M., and Paknikar, K. M. Cellular responses induced by silver nanoparticles: In vitro studies. Toxicol.Lett 6-30-2008;179(2):93-100. View abstract.

Lo, S. F., Hayter, M., Chang, C. J., Hu, W. Y., and Lee, L. L. A systematic review of silver-releasing dressings in the management of infected chronic wounds. J Clin Nurs. 2008;17(15):1973-1985. View abstract.

Jacobs, A. M. and Tomczak, R. Evaluation of Bensal HP for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Adv.Skin Wound Care 2008;21(10):461-465. View abstract.

Rai, M., Yadav, A., and Gade, A. Silver nanoparticles as a new generation of antimicrobials. Biotechnol.Adv. 2009;27(1):76-83. View abstract.

Totaro, P. and Rambaldini, M. Efficacy of antimicrobial activity of slow release silver nanoparticles dressing in post-cardiac surgery mediastinitis. Interact.Cardiovasc.Thorac.Surg 2009;8(1):153-154. View abstract.

Cai, Y. H. and Lu, C. S. [A clinical study of gelatamp colloidal silver gelatin sponge on preventing the complication of teeth extraction]. Hua Xi.Kou Qiang.Yi.Xue.Za Zhi. 2008;26(5):519-521. View abstract.

Lee, S. H., Sung, K., Chung, T. M., Lee, S. G., Min, K. D., Koo, S., and Kim, C. G. Preparation of silver nanoparticles and antibiotic test of its polycarbonate films composite. J Nanosci.Nanotechnol. 2008;8(9):4734-4737. View abstract.

Meuleneire, F. An observational study of the use of a soft silicone silver dressing on a variety of wound types. J Wound Care 2008;17(12):535-539. View abstract.

Kim, Y., Suh, H. S., Cha, H. J., Kim, S. H., Jeong, K. S., and Kim, D. H. A case of generalized argyria after ingestion of colloidal silver solution. Am J Ind.Med 2009;52(3):246-250. View abstract.

Lo, S. F., Chang, C. J., Hu, W. Y., Hayter, M., and Chang, Y. T. The effectiveness of silver-releasing dressings in the management of non-healing chronic wounds: a meta-analysis. J Clin Nurs. 2009;18(5):716-728. View abstract.

Milot, J. [Ophthalmia neonatorum of the newborn and its treatments in Canadian medical publications: 1872-1985]. Can Bull Med Hist 2008;25(2):499-514. View abstract.

Lohsiriwat, V. and Chuangsuwanich, A. Comparison of the ionic silver-containing hydrofiber and paraffin gauze dressing on split-thickness skin graft donor sites. Ann Plast.Surg 2009;62(4):421-422. View abstract.

Eby, D. M., Schaeublin, N. M., Farrington, K. E., Hussain, S. M., and Johnson, G. R. Lysozyme catalyzes the formation of antimicrobial silver nanoparticles. ACS Nano. 4-28-2009;3(4):984-994. View abstract.

Wunderlich, U. and Orfanos, C. E. [Treatment of venous ulcera cruris with dry wound dressings. Phase overlapping use of silver impregnated activated charcoal xerodressing]. Hautarzt 1991;42(7):446-450. View abstract.

Collier, M. Silver dressings: more evidence is needed to support their widespread clinical use. J Wound Care 2009;18(2):77-78. View abstract.

Romo Sanz, M. I. and Juarez, Vela R. [Combined therapy for a vascular ulcer. 2008 Biatain First Prize. A clinical case of a patient with an infected vascular ulcer]. Rev Enferm 2009;32(3):173-178. View abstract.

Kalishwaralal, K., Banumathi, E., Ram Kumar, Pandian S., Deepak, V., Muniyandi, J., Eom, S. H., and Gurunathan, S. Silver nanoparticles inhibit VEGF induced cell proliferation and migration in bovine retinal endothelial cells. Colloids Surf.B Biointerfaces. 10-1-2009;73(1):51-57. View abstract.

Wiegand, C., Heinze, T., and Hipler, U. C. Comparative in vitro study on cytotoxicity, antimicrobial activity, and binding capacity for pathophysiological factors in chronic wounds of alginate and silver-containing alginate. Wound Repair Regen. 2009;17(4):511-521. View abstract.

Toth, V., Marschalko, M., Harsing, J., and Karpati, S. [Grayish discoloration of the face -- argyria]. Orv.Hetil. 8-9-2009;150(32):1503-1507. View abstract.

Panacek, A., Kolar, M., Vecerova, R., Prucek, R., Soukupova, J., Krystof, V., Hamal, P., Zboril, R., and Kvitek, L. Antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles against Candida spp. Biomaterials 2009;30(31):6333-6340. View abstract.

Tong, J. W. Case reports on the use of antimicrobial (silver impregnated) soft silicone foam dressing on infected diabetic foot ulcers. Int Wound J 2009;6(4):275-284. View abstract.

Stepien, K. M., Morris, R., Brown, S., Taylor, A., and Morgan, L. Unintentional silver intoxication following self-medication: an unusual case of corticobasal degeneration. Ann Clin Biochem. 2009;46(Pt 6):520-522. View abstract.

Fichtner, J., Guresir, E., Seifert, V., and Raabe, A. Efficacy of silver-bearing external ventricular drainage catheters: a retrospective analysis. J Neurosurg. 2010;112(4):840-846. View abstract.

Madhumathi, K., Sudheesh Kumar, P. T., Abhilash, S., Sreeja, V., Tamura, H., Manzoor, K., Nair, S. V., and Jayakumar, R. Development of novel chitin/nanosilver composite scaffolds for wound dressing applications. J Mater.Sci Mater.Med 2010;21(2):807-813. View abstract.

Wu, M. H. and Wu, H. Y. A simple device for closure of a colocutaneous fistula within the laparotomy wound: a case report. Ostomy.Wound Manage. 10-15-2009;55(10):24-26. View abstract.

Chadwick, P., Taherinejad, F., Hamberg, K., and Waring, M. Clinical and scientific data on a silver-containing soft-silicone foam dressing: an overview. J Wound Care 2009;18(11):483-490. View abstract.

Kim, J., Kwon, S., and Ostler, E. Antimicrobial effect of silver-impregnated cellulose: potential for antimicrobial therapy. J Biol Eng 2009;3:20. View abstract.

Rosengren, H. and Dixon, A. Antibacterial prophylaxis in dermatologic surgery: an evidence-based review. Am J Clin Dermatol 2010;11(1):35-44. View abstract.

Blanco, Blanco J. and Balleste, Torralba J. [Local control treatment of bacteria found present in an infected bed sore by means of a hydropolymer dressing with ionic silver]. Rev Enferm 2009;32(10):7-14. View abstract.

Marinovic, Kulisic S., Lipozencic, J., Tunukovic, S., and Milavec-Puretic, V. [What should we know about venous and arterial ulcers?]. Acta Med Croatica 2009;63(4):329-334. View abstract.

Syed, M. A., Babar, S., Bhatti, A. S., and Bokhari, H. Antibacterial effects of silver nanoparticles on the bacterial strains isolated from catheterized urinary tract infection cases. J Biomed.Nanotechnol. 2009;5(2):209-214. View abstract.

Trial, C., Darbas, H., Lavigne, J. P., Sotto, A., Simoneau, G., Tillet, Y., and Teot, L. Assessment of the antimicrobial effectiveness of a new silver alginate wound dressing: a RCT. J Wound Care 2010;19(1):20-26. View abstract.

Barrett, S. Mepilex Ag: an antimicrobial, absorbent foam dressing with Safetac technology. Br J Nurs. 11-12-2009;18(20):S28, S30-S28, S36. View abstract.

Liu, X., Lee, P. Y., Ho, C. M., Lui, V. C., Chen, Y., Che, C. M., Tam, P. K., and Wong, K. K. Silver nanoparticles mediate differential responses in keratinocytes and fibroblasts during skin wound healing. ChemMedChem. 3-1-2010;5(3):468-475. View abstract.

Barnea, Y., Weiss, J., and Gur, E. A review of the applications of the hydrofiber dressing with silver (Aquacel Ag) in wound care. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2010;6:21-27. View abstract.

Miyoshi, H., Ohno, H., Sakai, K., Okamura, N., and Kourai, H. Characterization and photochemical and antibacterial properties of highly stable silver nanoparticles prepared on montmorillonite clay in n-hexanol. J Colloid Interface Sci 1-18-2010; View abstract.

Liu, X., Lin, T., Fang, J., Yao, G., Zhao, H., Dodson, M., and Wang, X. In vivo wound healing and antibacterial performances of electrospun nanofibre membranes. J Biomed.Mater.Res A 2010;94(2):499-508. View abstract.

Storm-Versloot, M. N., Vos, C. G., Ubbink, D. T., and Vermeulen, H. Topical silver for preventing wound infection. Cochrane Database.Syst.Rev 2010;(3):CD006478. View abstract.

Eby, D. M., Luckarift, H. R., and Johnson, G. R. Hybrid antimicrobial enzyme and silver nanoparticle coatings for medical instruments. ACS Appl Mater.Interfaces. 2009;1(7):1553-1560. View abstract.

Kerihuel, J. C. Effect of activated charcoal dressings on healing outcomes of chronic wounds. J Wound Care 2010;19(5):208, 210-208, 215. View abstract.

Kwon, H. B., Lee, J. H., Lee, S. H., Lee, A. Y., Choi, J. S., and Ahn, Y. S. A case of argyria following colloidal silver ingestion. Ann Dermatol 2009;21(3):308-310. View abstract.

Muangman, P., Pundee, C., Opasanon, S., and Muangman, S. A prospective, randomized trial of silver containing hydrofiber dressing versus 1% silver sulfadiazine for the treatment of partial thickness burns. Int Wound J 2010;7(4):271-276. View abstract.

Beele, H., Meuleneire, F., Nahuys, M., and Percival, S. L. A prospective randomised open label study to evaluate the potential of a new silver alginate/carboxymethylcellulose antimicrobial wound dressing to promote wound healing. Int Wound J 2010;7(4):262-270. View abstract.

Valodkar, M., Bhadoria, A., Pohnerkar, J., Mohan, M., and Thakore, S. Morphology and antibacterial activity of carbohydrate-stabilized silver nanoparticles. Carbohydr.Res 8-16-2010;345(12):1767-1773. View abstract.

Musarrat, J., Dwivedi, S., Singh, B. R., Al-Khedhairy, A. A., Azam, A., and Naqvi, A. Production of antimicrobial silver nanoparticles in water extracts of the fungus Amylomyces rouxii strain KSU-09. Bioresour.Technol. 2010;101(22):8772-8776. View abstract.

Nowrouzi, A., Meghrazi, K., Golmohammadi, T., Golestani, A., Ahmadian, S., Shafiezadeh, M., Shajary, Z., Khaghani, S., and Amiri, A. N. Cytotoxicity of subtoxic AgNP in human hepatoma cell line (HepG2) after long-term exposure. Iran Biomed.J 2010;14(1-2):23-32. View abstract.

Zhang, B., Luo, Y., and Wang, Q. Development of silver-zein composites as a promising antimicrobial agent. Biomacromolecules. 9-13-2010;11(9):2366-2375. View abstract.

Sadhasivam, S., Shanmugam, P., and Yun, K. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by Streptomyces hygroscopicus and antimicrobial activity against medically important pathogenic microorganisms. Colloids Surf.B Biointerfaces. 11-1-2010;81(1):358-362. View abstract.

Paulo, C. S., Vidal, M., and Ferreira, L. S. Antifungal nanoparticles and surfaces. Biomacromolecules. 10-11-2010;11(10):2810-2817. View abstract.

Penchev, H., Paneva, D., Manolova, N., and Rashkov, I. Hybrid nanofibrous yarns based on N-carboxyethylchitosan and silver nanoparticles with antibacterial activity prepared by self-bundling electrospinning. Carbohydr.Res 11-2-2010;345(16):2374-2380. View abstract.

Elliott, C. The effects of silver dressings on chronic and burns wound healing. Br J Nurs. 8-12-2010;19(15):S32-S36. View abstract.

Lamb, J. G., Hathaway, L. B., Munger, M. A., Raucy, J. L., and Franklin, M. R. Nanosilver particle effects on drug metabolism in vitro. Drug Metab Dispos. 2010;38(12):2246-2251. View abstract.

Chung, I. S., Lee, M. Y., Shin, D. H., and Jung, H. R. Three systemic argyria cases after ingestion of colloidal silver solution. Int J Dermatol 2010;49(10):1175-1177. View abstract.

Li, W. R., Xie, X. B., Shi, Q. S., Duan, S. S., Ouyang, Y. S., and Chen, Y. B. Antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles on Staphylococcus aureus. Biometals 2011;24(1):135-141. View abstract.

Franco-Molina, M. A., Mendoza-Gamboa, E., Sierra-Rivera, C. A., Gomez-Flores, R. A., Zapata-Benavides, P., Castillo-Tello, P., Alcocer-Gonzalez, J. M., Miranda-Hernandez, D. F., Tamez-Guerra, R. S., and Rodriguez-Padilla, C. Antitumor activity of colloidal silver on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. J Exp.Clin Cancer Res 2010;29:148. View abstract.

Das, M. R., Sarma, R. K., Saikia, R., Kale, V. S., Shelke, M. V., and Sengupta, P. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles in an aqueous suspension of graphene oxide sheets and its antimicrobial activity. Colloids Surf.B Biointerfaces. 3-1-2011;83(1):16-22. View abstract.

Miller, L., Hansbrough, J., Slater, H., Goldfarb, I. W., Kealey, P., Saffle, J., Kravitz, M., and Silverstein, P. Sildimac: a new delivery system for silver sulfadiazine in the treatment of full-thickness burn injuries. J Burn Care Rehabil 1990;11(1):35-41. View abstract.

Livingston, D. H., Cryer, H. G., Miller, F. B., Malangoni, M. A., Polk, H. C., Jr., and Weiner, L. J. A randomized prospective study of topical antimicrobial agents on skin grafts after thermal injury. Plast.Reconstr.Surg 1990;86(6):1059-1064. View abstract.

Wyatt, D., McGowan, D. N., and Najarian, M. P. Comparison of a hydrocolloid dressing and silver sulfadiazine cream in the outpatient management of second-degree burns. J Trauma 1990;30(7):857-865. View abstract.

Gerding, R. L., Emerman, C. L., Effron, D., Lukens, T., Imbembo, A. L., and Fratianne, R. B. Outpatient management of partial-thickness burns: Biobrane versus 1% silver sulfadiazine. Ann Emerg.Med 1990;19(2):121-124. View abstract.

Timmins, A. C. and Morgan, G. A. Argyria or cyanosis. Anaesthesia 1988;43(9):755-756. View abstract.

Fang, C. H., Nathan, P., Robb, E. C., Alexander, J. W., and MacMillan, B. G. Prospective clinical study of Hydron, a synthetic dressing, in delivery of an antimicrobial drug to second-degree burns. J Burn Care Rehabil 1987;8(3):206-209. View abstract.

Gerding, R. L., Imbembo, A. L., and Fratianne, R. B. Biosynthetic skin substitute vs. 1% silver sulfadiazine for treatment of inpatient partial-thickness thermal burns. J Trauma 1988;28(8):1265-1269. View abstract.

Loeffler, K. U. and Lee, W. R. Argyrosis of the lacrimal sac. Graefes Arch Clin Exp.Ophthalmol. 1987;225(2):146-150. View abstract.

Karcioglu, Z. A. and Caldwell, D. R. Corneal argyrosis: histologic, ultrastructural and microanalytic study. Can J Ophthalmol. 1985;20(7):257-260. View abstract.

Pariser, R. J. Generalized argyria. Clinicopathologic features and histochemical studies. Arch Dermatol 1978;114(3):373-377. View abstract.

Inman, R. J., Snelling, C. F., Roberts, F. J., Shaw, K., and Boyle, J. C. Prospective comparison of silver sulfadiazine 1 per cent plus chlorhexidine digluconate 0.2 per cent (Silvazine) and silver sulfadiazine 1 per cent (Flamazine) as prophylaxis against burn wound infection. Burns Incl.Therm.Inj. 1984;11(1):35-40. View abstract.

Apt, L. and Isenberg, S. Chemical preparation of skin and eye in ophthalmic surgery: an international survey. Ophthalmic Surg 1982;13(12):1026-1029. View abstract.

Dire, D. J., Coppola, M., Dwyer, D. A., Lorette, J. J., and Karr, J. L. Prospective evaluation of topical antibiotics for preventing infections in uncomplicated soft-tissue wounds repaired in the ED. Acad.Emerg.Med 1995;2(1):4-10. View abstract.

Hansbrough, J. F., Achauer, B., Dawson, J., Himel, H., Luterman, A., Slater, H., Levenson, S., Salzberg, C. A., Hansbrough, W. B., and Dore, C. Wound healing in partial-thickness burn wounds treated with collagenase ointment versus silver sulfadiazine cream. J Burn Care Rehabil 1995;16(3 Pt 1):241-247. View abstract.

Soroff, H. S. and Sasvary, D. H. Collagenase ointment and polymyxin B sulfate/bacitracin spray versus silver sulfadiazine cream in partial-thickness burns: a pilot study. J Burn Care Rehabil 1994;15(1):13-17. View abstract.

Takeuchi, H., Hida, S., Yoshida, O., and Ueda, T. [Clinical study on efficacy of a Foley catheter coated with silver-protein in prevention of urinary tract infections]. Hinyokika Kiyo 1993;39(3):293-298. View abstract.

Konishi, T., Tomoyoshi, T., and Johnin, K. [Electron microscopic study on the surface of long-term indwelling silver-protein-coated urethral catheters (Urotopic Ag Protein)]. Hinyokika Kiyo 1997;43(1):19-23. View abstract.

Tredget, E. E., Shankowsky, H. A., Groeneveld, A., and Burrell, R. A matched-pair, randomized study evaluating the efficacy and safety of Acticoat silver-coated dressing for the treatment of burn wounds. J Burn Care Rehabil 1998;19(6):531-537. View abstract.

Khalsa KPS. Silver bullet. Better Nutrition 2008;70(1):32-33.

Wang JW and Teng YJ. Efficacy of ionic silver dressing and gel in local treatment of dog bite III wounds: a randomized control study. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative tissue Engineering Research 2008;12(14):2659-2662.

Vanscheidt W, Lazareth I, and Routkovsky-Norval, C. Safety evaluation of a new ionic silver dressing in the management of chronic ulcers. WOUNDS 2003;15:371-378.

Boone, D., Braitman, E., and Gentics, C. Bacterial burden and wound outcomes as influenced by negative pressure wound therapy. WOUNDS 2010;22(2):32-37.

Sigal-Grinberg, M, Senet, P, Lazareth, I., Sauvadet, A., and Bohbot, S. Evaluation of a New Contact Layer Impregnated with Silver Salts in the Management of Critically Colonized Venous Leg Ulcers. Result of a Randomized Clinical Trial. Proceedings of the 17th Conference of the European Wound Management Association. 2007;

Romanelli, M. and Price, P. Health-related quality of life aspects after treatment with a foam dressing and a silver-containing foam dressing in chronic leg ulcers. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology 2005;52:21.

Gago, M., Garcia, F., Gaztelu, V., Verdu, J., Lopez, P., and Nolasco, A. A Comparison of Three Silver-containing Dressings in the Treatment of Infected, Chronic Wounds. WOUNDS 2008;20(10):273-278.

Lee, K. The experience of applying silver-containing hydrofiber dressings on refractory problem wounds. World Council on Enterostomal Therapists Journal 2009;29(4):29.

Russell, L. The CONTOP multinational study: preliminary data from the UK arm. Wounds UK 2005;1:44-45.

Schlicher, M. L. A randomized controlled study of the efficacy of a novel silver nanoparticle gel against artificially seeded bacterial hand flora. University of Washington. 2008; Ph.D: pages unknown. 2008;

Marquez H, Boyer ML, Grove MK, and Samson MC. Necrotizing fasciitis: 100% sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NA CMC) with ionic silver helps to address painful dressing changes... J WOCN 2008;35(3S):S17.

Karap, Z. Significant difference in pain levels of delayed-healing wounds during applying an ionic silver hydrofibre dressing. EWMA Journal 2008;244.

Blair, S. D., Backhouse, C. M., Wright, D. D. I., Riddle, E., and McCollum, C. N. Do dressings influence the healing of chronic venous ulcers? Phlebology 1988;204(Suppl):70-74.

Chaloner, D. A comparative study of two silver containing dressings, Acticoat 7 and Avance in the treatment of chronic venous ulcers. 2nd World Union of Chronic Venous Ulcers 2004;134.

Ivins, N., Jorgensen, B., Lohmann, M., Harding, K. G., Price, P., Gottrup, F., Andersen, K. E., Bech-Thomsen, N., Scanlon, E., Roed-Petersen, J., Kirsner, R., Charles, C., Romanelli, M., Mastronicola, D., Rheinen, H., Leaper, D., Neumann, H. A. M., Munte, K., Veraart, J., Ceulen, R., Coerper, S., and Sibbald, G. Safety and efficacy in long term use of a sustained silver-releasing foam dressing: a randomised, controlled trial on venous leg ulcers. Poster presented at Stuttgart, the Joint Scientific Meeting of ETRS, EWMA and DGfW. 2005;

Kheng, D. Evaluation of Mepilex Ag, a silver impregnated soft silicone absorbent dressing in patients with critically colonized venous leg ulcers - 5 case reviews. Poster presentation: Third Congress of the World Union of Wound Healing Societies, Toronto, Canada. 2008;

Shiao. The effect on infected wound of topical silver and silver dressing: a view of evidence-based nursing PC6-37. WORLD COUNC ENTEROSTOM THERAPISTS J 2009;29(4):29-30.

Hutchinson, J. J. A prospective clinical trial of wound dressings to investigate the rate of infection under occlusion. 3rd European Conference on Advances in Wound Management; 19-22 October; Harrogate, UK. 1993;

Mashhood AA, Khan TA, and Sami AN. Honey compared with 1% silver sulfadiazine cream in the treatment of superficial and partial thickness burns. Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 2006;16:14-19.

Schumann, H. A. J., Schmidtchen, A., and Hansson, C. Open, non-comparative, multicentre investigation exploring the tolerance of an absorbent foam dressing containing silver used in chronic wounds. Poster presentation: European Wound Management Association Conference, Glasgow, United Kingdom. 2007;

Taherinejad F and Hamberg K. Antimicrobial effect of a silver-containing foam dressing on a broad range of common wound pathogens. Poster presentation: Third Congress of the World Union of Wound Healing Societies, Toronto, Canada. 2008;

Gong, Z. H., Yao, J., Ji, J. F., Yang, J., and Xiang, T. Effect of ionic silver dressing combined with hydrogel on degree II burn wound healing. Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative tissue Engineering Research 2009;13(42):8373-8376.

Griffith RD, Simmons BJ, Yazdani Abyaneh MA, Bray FN, Falto-Aizpurua LA, Nouri K. Colloidal Silver: Dangerous and Readily Available. JAMA Dermatol. 2015;151(6):667-8. View abstract.

Park SW, Shin HT, Lee KT, Lee DY. Medical concern for colloidal silver supplementation: agyria of the nail and face. Ann Dermatol. 2013;25(1):111-2. View abstract.

Butzmann CM, K Technau-Hafsi, Bross F. "Silver man" argyria of the skin after ingestion of a colloidal silver solution. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2015;13(10):1030-2. View abstract.

Hadrup N, Lam HR. Oral toxicity of silver ions, silver nanoparticles and colloidal silver-- a review. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014;68(1):1-7. View abstract.

Bogdanchikova NE, Kurbatov AV, Tret'yakov VV, Rodionov PP. Activity of colloidal silver preparations towards smallpox virus. Pharm Chem J 1992;26:778-779.

Scott JR, Krishnan R, Rotenberg BW, Sowerby LJ. The effectiveness of topical colloidal silver in recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis: a randomized crossover control trial. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017 Nov 25;46(1):64. View abstract.

Beutler BD, Lee RA, Cohen PR. Localized cutaneous argyria: report of two patients and literature review. Dermatol Online J. 2016 Nov 15;22(11). View abstract.

Natelson EA, Baker KR, Pyatt DW. Anemia and leukopenia following intravenous colloidal silver infusions-Clinical and hematological features, unique peripheral blood film appearance and effective therapy with supplemental oral copper and apheresis. Clin Case Rep. 2019;7(9):1757-1762. View abstract.

Docherty G, Martens R, Kirker A. Colloidal silver toxicity with absence of choroidal signal on optical coherence tomography. Can J Ophthalmol. 2019;54(4):e203-e205. View abstract.

Tobarran N, Hieger MA. Acute silver toxicity from colloidal silver overdose. Am J Ther. 2019. View abstract.

Kim JJ, Konkel K, McCulley L, Diak IL. Cases of argyria associated with colloidal silver use. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(8):867-870. View abstract.

Keung YK, Wang T, Hong-Lung Hu E. Acute myeloid leukemia with complex cytogenetic abnormalities associated with long-term use of oral colloidal silver as nutritional supplement - Case report and review of literature. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2020;26(1):212-215. View abstract.

Rezk T, Penton J, Stevenson A, et al. Pauci Immune crescentic glomerulonephritis in a patient with T-cell lymphoma and argyria. BMC Nephrol. 2016;17(1):49. View abstract.

Kumar A, Goia DV. Comparative analysis of commercial colloidal silver products. Int J Nanomedicine 2020;15:10425-34. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S287730. View abstract.

Slater K, Sommariva E, Kartono F. A Case Study of Argyria of the Nails Secondary to Colloidal Silver Ingestion. Cureus 2022;14(10):e30818. View abstract.

Hu D, Yuen C. Seizures Following Self-Medication With Colloidal Silver: A Case Report. Hosp Pharm 2023;58(4):350-352. View abstract.