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Maggi GC, Donati C, Criscuoli G. Pantethine: a physiological lipomodulating agent in the treatment of hyperlipidemias. Curr Ther Res 1982;32:380-6.

Da Col PG, Cattin L, Fonda M, et al. Pantethine in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia: a randomized double-blind trial versus tiadenol. Curr Ther Res 1984;36:314-22.

Rubba P, Postaiglione B, De Simone F, et al. Comparative evaluation of the lipid-lowering effects of fenofibrate and pantethine in type II hyperlipoproteinemia. Curr Ther Res 1985;38:719-27.

Angelica M, Pinto G, Ciaccheri C, et al. Improvement in serum lipid profile in hyperlipoproteinemia patients after treatment with pantethine: a cross-over double-blind trial versus placebo. Curr Ther Res 1983;33:1091-7.

Prisco D, Rogasi PG, Matucci M, et al. Effect of oral treatment with pantethine on platelet and plasma phospholipids in IIa hyperlipoproteinemia. Angiology 1987;38:241-7. View abstract.

McCarty MF. Inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by cystamine may mediate the hypotriglyceridemic activity of pantethine. Med Hypotheses 2001;56:314-7. View abstract.

Cighetti G, Del Puppo M, Paroni R, Galli Kienle M. Modulation of HMG-CoA reductase activity by pantetheine/pantethine. Biochim Biophys Acta 1988;963:389-93. View abstract.

Carrara P, Matturri L, Galbussera M, et al. Pantethine reduces plasma cholesterol and the severity of arterial lesions in experimental hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Atherosclerosis 1984;53:255-64. View abstract.

Congdon NT, West ST, Duncan DT, et al. The effect of pantethine and ultraviolet-B radiation on the development of lenticular opacity in the emory mouse. Curr Eye Res 2000;20:17-24. View abstract.

Hiraoka T, Clark JI, LI XY, Thurston GM. Effect of selected anti-cataract agents on opacification in the selenite cataract model. Exp Eye Res 1996;62:11-9. View abstract.

Clark JI, Livesey JC, Steele JE. Delay or inhibition of rat lens opacification using pantethine and WR-77913. Exp Eye Res 1996;62:75-84. View abstract.

Kelly GS. Nutritional and botanical interventions to assist with the adaptation to stress. Altern Med Rev 1999;4:249-65.. View abstract.

Butler JD, Zatz M. Pantethine depletes cystinotic fibroblasts of cystine. J Pediatr 1983;102:796-8.

Anonymous. Pantethine. Altern Med Rev 1998;3:379-81.

Coronel F, Tornero F, Torrente J, et al. Treatment of hyperlipemia in diabetic patients on dialysis with a physiological substance. Am J Nephrol 1991;11:32-6.. View abstract.

Wittwer CT, Graves CP, Peterson MA, et al. Pantethine lipomodulation: evidence for cysteamine mediation in vitro and in vivo. Atherosclerosis 1987;68:41-9.. View abstract.

Bon GB, Cazzolato G, Zago S, et al. Effects of pantethine on in-vitro peroxidation of low density lipoproteins. Atherosclerosis 1985;57:99-106.. View abstract.

Ranganathan S, Jackson RL, Harmony JA. Effect of pantethine on the biosynthesis of cholesterol in human skin fibroblasts. Atherosclerosis 1982;44:261-73.. View abstract.

Agrati AM, Ambrosi G, Ferraro G, Palmieri. Gemfibrozil efficacy vs pantethine in dyslipoproteinemic patients: a controlled study. Curr Ther Res 1989;45:650-63.

Donati C, Barbi G, Cairo G, et al. Pantethine improves the lipid abnormalities of chronic hemodialysis patients: results of a multicenter clinical trial. Clin Nephrol 1986;25:70-4.. View abstract.

Arsenio L, Bodria P, Magnati G, et al. Effectiveness of long-term treatment with pantethine in patients with dyslipidemia. Clin Ther 1986;8:537-45.. View abstract.

Webster MJ. Physiological and performance responses to supplementation with thiamin and pantothenic acid derivatives. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1998;77:486-91. View abstract.

Osono, Y., Hirose, N., Nakajima, K., and Hata, Y. The effects of pantethine on fatty liver and fat distribution. J.Atheroscler.Thromb. 2000;7(1):55-58. View abstract.

Tonutti, L., Taboga, C., and Noacco, C. [Comparison of the efficacy of pantethine, acipimox, and bezafibrate on plasma lipids and index of cardiovascular risk in diabetics with dyslipidemia]. Minerva Med. 1991;82(10):657-663. View abstract.

Penet, M. F., Abou-Hamdan, M., Coltel, N., Cornille, E., Grau, G. E., de, Reggi M., and Gharib, B. Protection against cerebral malaria by the low-molecular-weight thiol pantethine. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A 1-29-2008;105(4):1321-1326. View abstract.

Ishihara, M., Iihara, H., Okayasu, S., Yasuda, K., Matsuura, K., Suzui, M., and Itoh, Y. Pharmaceutical interventions facilitate premedication and prevent opioid-induced constipation and emesis in cancer patients. Support.Care Cancer 2010;18(12):1531-1538. View abstract.

Rumberger, J. A., Napolitano, J., Azumano, I., Kamiya, T., and Evans, M. Pantethine, a derivative of vitamin B(5) used as a nutritional supplement, favorably alters low-density lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism in low- to moderate-cardiovascular risk North American subjects: a triple-blinded placebo and diet-controlled investigation. Nutr.Res. 2011;31(8):608-615. View abstract.

Binaghi, P., Cellina, G., Lo, Cicero G., Bruschi, F., Porcaro, E., and Penotti, M. [Evaluation of the cholesterol-lowering effectiveness of pantethine in women in perimenopausal age]. Minerva Med. 1990;81(6):475-479. View abstract.

Donati, C., Bertieri, R. S., and Barbi, G. [Pantethine, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Clinical study of 1045 patients]. Clin.Ter. 3-31-1989;128(6):411-422. View abstract.

Lu, Z. L. [A double-blind clinical trial--the effects of pantethine on serum lipids in patients with hyperlipidemia]. Zhonghua Xin.Xue.Guan.Bing.Za Zhi. 1989;17(4):221-223. View abstract.

Eto, M., Watanabe, K., Chonan, N., and Ishii, K. Lowering effect of pantethine on plasma beta-thromboglobulin and lipids in diabetes mellitus. Artery 1987;15(1):1-12. View abstract.

Arsenio, L., Bodria, P., Bossi, S., Lateana, M., and Strata, A. [Clinical use of pantethine by parenteral route in the treatment of hyperlipidemia]. Acta Biomed.Ateneo.Parmense. 1987;58(5-6):143-152. View abstract.

Bertolini, S., Donati, C., Elicio, N., Daga, A., Cuzzolaro, S., Marcenaro, A., Saturnino, M., and Balestreri, R. Lipoprotein changes induced by pantethine in hyperlipoproteinemic patients: adults and children. Int.J.Clin.Pharmacol.Ther.Toxicol. 1986;24(11):630-637. View abstract.

Borets, V. M., Lis, M. A., Pyrochkin, V. M., Kishkovich, V. P., and Butkevich, N. D. [Therapeutic efficacy of pantothenic acid preparations in ischemic heart disease patients]. Vopr.Pitan. 1987;(2):15-17. View abstract.

Bergesio, F., Ciuti, R., Innocenti, D., Galli, G. A., and Frizzi, V. [Use of pantethine in dyslipidemia of chronic uremic patients under dialysis treatment]. G.Clin.Med. 1985;66(11-12):433-440. View abstract.

Postiglione, A., Rubba, P., Cicerano, U., Chierchia, I., and Mancini, M. Pantethine versus fenofibrate in the treatment of type II hyperlipoproteinemia. Monogr Atheroscler. 1985;13:145-148. View abstract.

Vignola, D., Fanini, A., and Biffignandi, P. [Effects of D(+)-bis-(N-pantothenyl-amidoethyl)-disulphur on the blood lipid profile and apoproteins A and B levels]. Clin.Ter. 6-30-1985;113(6):479-483. View abstract.

Wittwer, C. T., Gahl, W. A., Butler, J. D., Zatz, M., and Thoene, J. G. Metabolism of pantethine in cystinosis. J.Clin.Invest 1985;76(4):1665-1672. View abstract.

Seghieri, G., Maffucci, G., Toscano, G., Santoni, F., Tuci, S., and De Giorgio, L. A. [Effect of pantethine therapy in chronic uremic patients undergoing hemodialysis with type IV hyperlipoproteinemia]. G.Clin.Med. 1985;66(5-6):187-192. View abstract.

Gensini, G. F., Prisco, D., Rogasi, P. G., Matucci, M., and Neri Serneri, G. G. Changes in fatty acid composition of the single platelet phospholipids induced by pantethine treatment. Int.J.Clin.Pharmacol.Res. 1985;5(5):309-318. View abstract.

Arsenio, L., Caronna, S., Lateana, M., Magnati, G., Strata, A., and Zammarchi, G. [Hyperlipidemia, diabetes and atherosclerosis: efficacy of treatment with pantethine]. Acta Biomed.Ateneo.Parmense. 1984;55(1):25-42. View abstract.

Hiramatsu, K., Nozaki, H., and Arimori, S. Influence of pantethine on platelet volume, microviscosity, lipid composition and functions in diabetes mellitus with hyperlipidemia. Tokai J.Exp.Clin.Med. 1981;6(1):49-57. View abstract.

Nomura, H., Kimura, Y., Okamoto, O., and Shiraishi, G. Effects of antihyperlipidemic drugs and diet plus exercise therapy in the treatment of patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia. Clin.Ther. 1996;18(3):477-482. View abstract.

McRae MP. Treatment of hyperlipoproteinemia with pantethine: A review and analysis of efficacy and tolerability. Nutrition Res 2005;25:319-333.

Da Col, P. G., Cattin, L., Fonda, M., and et al. Pantethine in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia: a randomized double-blind trial versus tiadenol. Current Therapeutic Research 1984;38:719-727.

Maggi, G. C., Donati, C., and Criscuoli, G. Pantethine: physiological lipomodulating agent, in the treatment of hyperlipidemias. Current Therapeutic Research 1982;32(Sep):380-386.

Agrati, A. M., Ambrosi, G., Ferraro, G., and Palmieri, G. Gemfibrozil efficacy vs. pantethine in dyslipoproteinemic patients: controlled study. Current Therapeutic Research 1989;45(Apr):650-663.

Coronel, F., Tornero, F., Torrente, J., Naranjo, P., De Oleo, P., Macia, M., and Barrientos, A. Treatment of hyperlipemia in diabetic patients on dialysis with a physiological substance. Am.J.Nephrol. 1991;11(1):32-36.

Rubba, P., Postiglione, A., De Simone, B., Lamenza, F., and Mancini, M. Comparative evaluation of the lipid-lowering effects of fenofibrate and pantethine in type II hyperlipoproteinemia. Current Therapeutic Research 1985;38(May):719-727.

Cattin, L., Da Col, P. G., Fonda, M., Mameli, M. G., and Fergulio, G. A. Treatment of hypercholesterolemia with pantethine and fenofibrate; open randomized study on 43 subjects. Current Therapeutic Research 1985;38(Sep):386-395.

Capurso A, Resta F, Ciancia D, Lavezzari M, Mogavero AM, Taverniti R, Di TM, Siciliani G, and Palmisano S. Effect of acipimox and pantethine on serum lipids and apoproteins in patients with type II hyperlipoproteinemia. Current Therapeutic Research 1987;42(6):1216-1222.

Maioli, M., Pacifico, A., and Cherchi, G. M. Effect of pantethine on the subfractions of HDL in dislipidemic patients. Current Therapeutic Research 1984;35(Feb):307-311.

Angelico, M., Pinto, G., Ciaccheri, C., Alvaro, D., and De Santis, A. Improvement in serum lipid profile in hyperlipoproteinemic patients after treatment with pantethine: crossover, double blind trial versus placebo. Current Therapeutic Research 1983;33(June Sec 2):1091-1097.

Avogaro, P., Bon, G. B., and Fusello, M. Effects of pantethine on lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in man. Current Therapeutic Research 1983;33(Mar):488-493.

Angelica M, Pinto G Ciaccheri C et al. Improvement in serum lipid profile in hyperlipoproteinemia patients after treatment with pantethine: a cross-over double-blind trial versus placebo. Curr Ther Res 1983;33:1091-1097.

Bellani, F., Colnago, R., Meregalli, M., Scarpazza, P., and Donati, C. Treatment of hyperlipidemias complicated by cardiovascular diseases in the elderly: results of an open short term study with pantethine. Current Therapeutic Research 1986;40(Nov):912-916.

Binaghi P, Cellina G LoCicero G Bruschi F Porcaro E Penotti M. Evaluation of the hypocholesterolemic activity of pantethine in perimenopausal women. Minerva Med 1990;81:475-479.

Bellani F, Colnago R Meregalli M Scarpazza P Sesia O Donati C. Treatment of hyperlipidemias complicated by cardiovascular diseases in the elderly: results of an open short-term study with pantethine. Curr Ther Res 1986;40:912-916.

Giannini S, Forti N DiRienzo F Campanari J Ziliotto E. Efeitos da pantetina sobrelipides sangineos. ArqBras Cardiol 1986;46:283-289.

Cattin L, DaCol P Fonda M Mameli M Pilotto L Vanuzzo D et al. Treatment of hypercholesterolemia with pantethine and fenofibrate: an open randomized study on 43 subjects. Curr Ther Res 1985;38:386-395.

Bosello O, Cominacini L Garrbin U Ferrari F Zocca I Davoli A et al. Changes in the very low density lipoprotein distribution of apolipoproteins C-III2, C-III1, C-III0, C-II and apolipoprotein E after pantethine administration. Acta Ther 1984;10:421-430.

Da Col P, Cattin L Fonda M Mameli M Feruglio F. Pantethine in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia: a randomized double-blind trial versus tiadenol. Curr Ther Res 1984;36:214-221.

Miccoli R, Marchetti P Sampietro T Benzi L Tognarelli M Navalesi R. Effects of pantethine on lipids and apolipoproteins in hypercholesterolemic diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Curr Ther Res 1984;36:545-549.

Maioli M, Pacifico A Cherchi G. Effect of pantethine on the subfractions of HDL in dyslipidemic patients. Curr Ther Res 1984;35:307-311.

Galeone F, Scalabrino A Giuntoli F Birindelli A Panigada G Rossi A et al. The lipid lowering effect of pantethine in hyperlipidemic patients: a clinical investigation. Curr Ther Res 1983;34:383-390.

Avogaro P, Bittolo G Fusello M. Effect of pantethine on lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in man. Curr Ther Res 1983;33:488-493.

Gleeson, J. M., Wittwer, C. T., Schipke, C. A., and Wilson, D. E. Effect of carnitine and pantethine on the metabolic abnormalities of acquired total lipodystrophy. Current Therapeutic Research 1987;41(Jan):83-88.

Pocecco, M. Treatment of infantile nephropathic cystinosis with cysteamine: 2. New England Journal of Medicine 1986;314(May 15):1320.

Braverman, E. R. Nutrition for the heart. Part 2. Natural Pharmacy 1999;3:22-24.

Pantethine. Monograph. Altern Med Rev. 2010;15(3):279-82. View abstract.

Evans M, Rumberger JA, Azumano I, Napolitano JJ, Citrolo D, Kamiya T. Pantethine, a derivative of vitamin B5, favorably alters total, LDL and non-HDL cholesterol in low to moderate cardiovascular risk subjects eligible for statin therapy: a triple-blinded placebo and diet-controlled investigation. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2014;10:89-100. View abstract.

Chen YQ, Zhao SP, Zhao YH. Efficacy and tolerability of coenzyme A vs pantethine for the treatment of patients with hyperlipidemia: A randomized, double-blind, multicenter study. J Clin Lipidol. 2015;9(5):692-7. View abstract.

Chang X, Zhang J, Jiang Y, Yao B, Wang J, Wu Y. Pilot trial on the efficacy and safety of pantethine in children with pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration: a single-arm, open-label study. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2020;15(1):248. View abstract.