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Mahmoud, F. F., Haines, D. D., Abul, H. T., Abal, A. T., Onadeko, B. O., and Wise, J. A. In vitro effects of astaxanthin combined with ginkgolide B on T lymphocyte activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from asthmatic subjects. J.Pharmacol.Sci. 2004;94(2):129-136. View abstract.
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Coral-Hinostroza, G. N., Ytrestoyl, T., Ruyter, B., and Bjerkeng, B. Plasma appearance of unesterified astaxanthin geometrical E/Z and optical R/S isomers in men given single doses of a mixture of optical 3 and 3'R/S isomers of astaxanthin fatty acyl diesters. Comp Biochem Physiol C.Toxicol Pharmacol 2004;139(1-3):99-110. View abstract.
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Chitchumroonchokchai, C., Bomser, J. A., Glamm, J. E., and Failla, M. L. Xanthophylls and alpha-tocopherol decrease UVB-induced lipid peroxidation and stress signaling in human lens epithelial cells. J Nutr 2004;134(12):3225-3232. View abstract.
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Anderson, M. L. A preliminary investigation of the enzymatic inhibition of 5alpha-reduction and growth of prostatic carcinoma cell line LNCap-FGC by natural astaxanthin and Saw Palmetto lipid extract in vitro. J Herb.Pharmacother. 2005;5(1):17-26. View abstract.
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Santocono, M., Zurria, M., Berrettini, M., Fedeli, D., and Falcioni, G. Influence of astaxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein on DNA damage and repair in UVA-irradiated cells. J Photochem.Photobiol.B 12-1-2006;85(3):205-215. View abstract.
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Manabe, E., Handa, O., Naito, Y., Mizushima, K., Akagiri, S., Adachi, S., Takagi, T., Kokura, S., Maoka, T., and Yoshikawa, T. Astaxanthin protects mesangial cells from hyperglycemia-induced oxidative signaling. J Cell Biochem 4-15-2008;103(6):1925-1937. View abstract.
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Camera, E., Mastrofrancesco, A., Fabbri, C., Daubrawa, F., Picardo, M., Sies, H., and Stahl, W. Astaxanthin, canthaxanthin and beta-carotene differently affect UVA-induced oxidative damage and expression of oxidative stress-responsive enzymes. Exp Dermatol 2009;18(3):222-231. View abstract.
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Fletcher, A. E., Bentham, G. C., Agnew, M., Young, I. S., Augood, C., Chakravarthy, U., de Jong, P. T., Rahu, M., Seland, J., Soubrane, G., Tomazzoli, L., Topouzis, F., Vingerling, J. R., and Vioque, J. Sunlight exposure, antioxidants, and age-related macular degeneration. Arch Ophthalmol 2008;126(10):1396-1403. View abstract.
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Ikeda, Y., Tsuji, S., Satoh, A., Ishikura, M., Shirasawa, T., and Shimizu, T. Protective effects of astaxanthin on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. J Neurochem. 2008;107(6):1730-1740. View abstract.
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Shen, H., Kuo, C. C., Chou, J., Delvolve, A., Jackson, S. N., Post, J., Woods, A. S., Hoffer, B. J., Wang, Y., and Harvey, B. K. Astaxanthin reduces ischemic brain injury in adult rats. FASEB J 2009;23(6):1958-1968. View abstract.
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Kishimoto, Y., Tani, M., Uto-Kondo, H., Iizuka, M., Saita, E., Sone, H., Kurata, H., and Kondo, K. Astaxanthin suppresses scavenger receptor expression and matrix metalloproteinase activity in macrophages. Eur J Nutr 2010;49(2):119-126. View abstract.
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Suganuma, K., Nakajima, H., Ohtsuki, M., and Imokawa, G. Astaxanthin attenuates the UVA-induced up-regulation of matrix-metalloproteinase-1 and skin fibroblast elastase in human dermal fibroblasts. J Dermatol Sci 2010;58(2):136-142. View abstract.
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Brown DR, Warner AR, Deb SK, Gough LA, Sparks SA, McNaughton LR. The effect of astaxanthin supplementation on performance and fat oxidation during a 40 km cycling time trial. J Sci Med Sport. 2021;24(1):92-97. View abstract.
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Kato T, Kasai T, Sato A, et al. Effects of 3-Month Astaxanthin Supplementation on Cardiac Function in Heart Failure Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction-A Pilot Study.Nutrients. 2020;12(6):1896. View abstract.
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Kumalic SI, Klun IV, Bokal EV, Pinter B. Effect of the oral intake of astaxanthin on semen parameters in patients with oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Radiol Oncol. 2020;55(1):97-105. View abstract.
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