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Li, H., Miyahara, T., Tezuka, Y., Namba, T., Suzuki, T., Dowaki, R., Watanabe, M., Nemoto, N., Tonami, S., Seto, H., and Kadota, S. The effect of kampo formulae on bone resorption in vitro and in vivo. II. Detailed study of berberine. Biol Pharm Bull 1999;22(4):391-396. View abstract.

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Zhu, B. and Ahrens, F. Antisecretory effects of berberine with morphine, clonidine, L- phenylephrine, yohimbine or neostigmine in pig jejunum. Eur J Pharmacol 12-9-1983;96(1-2):11-19. View abstract.

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Peng, W. H., Hsieh, M. T., and Wu, C. R. Effect of long-term administration of berberine on scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats. Jpn J Pharmacol 1997;74(3):261-266. View abstract.

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Sheng WD, Jiddawi MS, Hong XQ, and et al. Treatment of chloroquine-resistant malaria using pyrimethamine in combination with berberine, tetracycline or cotrimoxazole. East African Medical Journal 1997;74(5):283-284.

Tripathi YB and Shukla SD. Berberis artistata inhibits PAF induced aggregation of rabbit platelets. Phytotherapy Research 1996;10:628-630.

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Tai YH, Feser JF, Marnane WG, and et al. Antisecretory effects of berberine in rat ileum. Am J Physiol 1981;241:G253-G258.

Palasuntheram C, Iyer KS, de Silva LB, and et al. Antibacterial activity of Coscinium fenestratum Colebr against Clostridium tetani. Ind J Med Res 1982;76(Suppl):71-76.

Sun D, Courtney HS, and Beachey EH. Berberine sulfate blocks adherence of Streptococcus pyogenes to epithelial cells, fibronectin, and hexadecane. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 1988;32(9):1370-1374.

Palanisamy, A., Haller, C., and Olson, K. R. Photosensitivity reaction in a woman using an herbal supplement containing ginseng, goldenseal, and bee pollen. J Toxicol.Clin Toxicol. 2003;41(6):865-867. View abstract.

Wu, H. L., Hsu, C. Y., Liu, W. H., and Yung, B. Y. Berberine-induced apoptosis of human leukemia HL-60 cells is associated with down-regulation of nucleophosmin/B23 and telomerase activity. Int J Cancer 6-11-1999;81(6):923-929. View abstract.

Chung, J. G., Wu, L. T., Chu, C. B., Jan, J. Y., Ho, C. C., Tsou, M. F., Lu, H. F., Chen, G. W., Lin, J. G., and Wang, T. F. Effects of berberine on arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in human bladder tumour cells. Food Chem Toxicol 1999;37(4):319-326. View abstract.

Lin, J. G., Chung, J. G., Wu, L. T., Chen, G. W., Chang, H. L., and Wang, T. F. Effects of berberine on arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in human colon tumor cells. Am J Chin Med 1999;27(2):265-275. View abstract.

Zeng, X. and Zeng, X. Relationship between the clinical effects of berberine on severe congestive heart failure and its concentration in plasma studied by HPLC. Biomed Chromatogr 1999;13(7):442-444. View abstract.

Iizuka, N., Miyamoto, K., Okita, K., Tangoku, A., Hayashi, H., Yosino, S., Abe, T., Morioka, T., Hazama, S., and Oka, M. Inhibitory effect of Coptidis Rhizoma and berberine on the proliferation of human esophageal cancer cell lines. Cancer Lett 1-1-2000;148(1):19-25. View abstract.

Chung, J. G., Chen, G. W., Hung, C. F., Lee, J. H., Ho, C. C., Ho, H. C., Chang, H. L., Lin, W. C., and Lin, J. G. Effects of berberine on arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity and 2-aminofluorene-DNA adduct formation in human leukemia cells. Am J Chin Med 2000;28(2):227-238. View abstract.

Sriwilaijareon, N., Petmitr, S., Mutirangura, A., Ponglikitmongkol, M., and Wilairat, P. Stage specificity of Plasmodium falciparum telomerase and its inhibition by berberine. Parasitol.Int 2002;51(1):99-103. View abstract.

Wang, D. Y., Yeh, C. C., Lee, J. H., Hung, C. F., and Chung, J. G. Berberine inhibited arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity and gene expression and DNA adduct formation in human malignant astrocytoma (G9T/VGH) and brain glioblastoma multiforms (GBM 8401) cells. Neurochem.Res 2002;27(9):883-889. View abstract.

Hong, Y., Hui, S. S., Chan, B. T., and Hou, J. Effect of berberine on catecholamine levels in rats with experimental cardiac hypertrophy. Life Sci. 4-18-2003;72(22):2499-2507. View abstract.

Jantova, S., Cipak, L., Cernakova, M., and Kost'alova, D. Effect of berberine on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in HeLa and L1210 cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 2003;55(8):1143-1149. View abstract.

Nishida, S., Kikuichi, S., Yoshioka, S., Tsubaki, M., Fujii, Y., Matsuda, H., Kubo, M., and Irimajiri, K. Induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cells treated with medicinal herbs. Am J Chin Med 2003;31(4):551-562. View abstract.

Lin, S., Tsai, S. C., Lee, C. C., Wang, B. W., Liou, J. Y., and Shyu, K. G. Berberine inhibits HIF-1alpha expression via enhanced proteolysis. Mol Pharmacol 2004;66(3):612-619. View abstract.

Yount, G., Qian, Y., Moore, D., Basila, D., West, J., Aldape, K., Arvold, N., Shalev, N., and Haas-Kogan, D. Berberine sensitizes human glioma cells, but not normal glial cells, to ionizing radiation in vitro. J Exp Ther Oncol. 2004;4(2):137-143. View abstract.

Kong, W., Wei, J., Abidi, P., Lin, M., Inaba, S., Li, C., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Si, S., Pan, H., Wang, S., Wu, J., Wang, Y., Li, Z., Liu, J., and Jiang, J. D. Berberine is a novel cholesterol-lowering drug working through a unique mechanism distinct from statins. Nat Med 2004;10(12):1344-1351. View abstract.

Kuo, C. L., Chi, C. W., and Liu, T. Y. Modulation of apoptosis by berberine through inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 and Mcl-1 expression in oral cancer cells. In Vivo 2005;19(1):247-252. View abstract.

Doggrell, S. A. Berberine--a novel approach to cholesterol lowering. Expert.Opin.Investig.Drugs 2005;14(5):683-685. View abstract.

Lee, S., Lim, H. J., Park, H. Y., Lee, K. S., Park, J. H., and Jang, Y. Berberine inhibits rat vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration in vitro and improves neointima formation after balloon injury in vivo. Berberine improves neointima formation in a rat model. Atherosclerosis 2006;186(1):29-37. View abstract.

Inoue, K., Kulsum, U., Chowdhury, S. A., Fujisawa, S., Ishihara, M., Yokoe, I., and Sakagami, H. Tumor-specific cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing activity of berberines. Anticancer Res 2005;25(6B):4053-4059. View abstract.

Lin, J. P., Yang, J. S., Lee, J. H., Hsieh, W. T., and Chung, J. G. Berberine induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma SNU-5 cell line. World J Gastroenterol. 1-7-2006;12(1):21-28. View abstract.

Lin, C. C., Kao, S. T., Chen, G. W., Ho, H. C., and Chung, J. G. Apoptosis of human leukemia HL-60 cells and murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells induced by berberine through the activation of caspase-3. Anticancer Res 2006;26(1A):227-242. View abstract.

Mantena, S. K., Sharma, S. D., and Katiyar, S. K. Berberine, a natural product, induces G1-phase cell cycle arrest and caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in human prostate carcinoma cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2006;5(2):296-308. View abstract.

Lee, Y. S., Kim, W. S., Kim, K. H., Yoon, M. J., Cho, H. J., Shen, Y., Ye, J. M., Lee, C. H., Oh, W. K., Kim, C. T., Hohnen-Behrens, C., Gosby, A., Kraegen, E. W., James, D. E., and Kim, J. B. Berberine, a natural plant product, activates AMP-activated protein kinase with beneficial metabolic effects in diabetic and insulin-resistant states. Diabetes 2006;55(8):2256-2264. View abstract.

Cheng, Z., Pang, T., Gu, M., Gao, A. H., Xie, C. M., Li, J. Y., Nan, F. J., and Li, J. Berberine-stimulated glucose uptake in L6 myotubes involves both AMPK and p38 MAPK. Biochim.Biophys.Acta 2006;1760(11):1682-1689. View abstract.

Yin, J., Gao, Z., Liu, D., Liu, Z., and Ye, J. Berberine improves glucose metabolism through induction of glycolysis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol.Metab 2008;294(1):E148-E156. View abstract.

Xu, M. G., Wang, J. M., Chen, L., Wang, Y., Yang, Z., and Tao, J. Berberine-induced mobilization of circulating endothelial progenitor cells improves human small artery elasticity. J Hum.Hypertens 2008;22(6):389-393. View abstract.

Zhang, Y., Li, X., Zou, D., Liu, W., Yang, J., Zhu, N., Huo, L., Wang, M., Hong, J., Wu, P., Ren, G., and Ning, G. Treatment of type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia with the natural plant alkaloid berberine. J Clin Endocrinol.Metab 2008;93(7):2559-2565. View abstract.

Yin, J., Xing, H., and Ye, J. Efficacy of berberine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2008;57(5):712-717. View abstract.

Zhou, J. Y., Zhou, S. W., Zhang, K. B., Tang, J. L., Guang, L. X., Ying, Y., Xu, Y., Zhang, L., and Li, D. D. Chronic effects of berberine on blood, liver glucolipid metabolism and liver PPARs expression in diabetic hyperlipidemic rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 2008;31(6):1169-1176. View abstract.

Lu, S. S., Yu, Y. L., Zhu, H. J., Liu, X. D., Liu, L., Liu, Y. W., Wang, P., Xie, L., and Wang, G. J. Berberine promotes glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide secretion in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Endocrinol. 2009;200(2):159-165. View abstract.

Kim, W. S., Lee, Y. S., Cha, S. H., Jeong, H. W., Choe, S. S., Lee, M. R., Oh, G. T., Park, H. S., Lee, K. U., Lane, M. D., and Kim, J. B. Berberine improves lipid dysregulation in obesity by controlling central and peripheral AMPK activity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol.Metab 2009;296(4):E812-E819. View abstract.

Jeong, H. W., Hsu, K. C., Lee, J. W., Ham, M., Huh, J. Y., Shin, H. J., Kim, W. S., and Kim, J. B. Berberine suppresses proinflammatory responses through AMPK activation in macrophages. Am J Physiol Endocrinol.Metab 2009;296(4):E955-E964. View abstract.

Wang, Y., Jia, X., Ghanam, K., Beaurepaire, C., Zidichouski, J., and Miller, L. Berberine and plant stanols synergistically inhibit cholesterol absorption in hamsters. Atherosclerosis 2010;209(1):111-117. View abstract.

Zhang, H., Wei, J., Xue, R., Wu, J. D., Zhao, W., Wang, Z. Z., Wang, S. K., Zhou, Z. X., Song, D. Q., Wang, Y. M., Pan, H. N., Kong, W. J., and Jiang, J. D. Berberine lowers blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients through increasing insulin receptor expression. Metabolism 2010;59(2):285-292. View abstract.

Guo, Y., Chen, Y., Tan, Z. R., Klaassen, C. D., and Zhou, H. H. Repeated administration of berberine inhibits cytochromes P450 in humans. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2012;68(2):213-217. View abstract.

Wang, Q., Zhang, M., Liang, B., Shirwany, N., Zhu, Y., and Zou, M. H. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase is required for berberine-induced reduction of atherosclerosis in mice: the role of uncoupling protein 2. PLoS.One. 2011;6(9):e25436. View abstract.

Wei, W., Zhao, H., Wang, A., Sui, M., Liang, K., Deng, H., Ma, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., and Guan, Y. A clinical study on the short-term effect of berberine in comparison to metformin on the metabolic characteristics of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Endocrinol. 2012;166(1):99-105. View abstract.

Marazzi, G., Cacciotti, L., Pelliccia, F., Iaia, L., Volterrani, M., Caminiti, G., Sposato, B., Massaro, R., Grieco, F., and Rosano, G. Long-term effects of nutraceuticals (berberine, red yeast rice, policosanol) in elderly hypercholesterolemic patients. Adv.Ther 2011;28(12):1105-1113. View abstract.

Kim, H. S., Kim, M. J., Kim, E. J., Yang, Y., Lee, M. S., and Lim, J. S. Berberine-induced AMPK activation inhibits the metastatic potential of melanoma cells via reduction of ERK activity and COX-2 protein expression. Biochem.Pharmacol 2-1-2012;83(3):385-394. View abstract.

Meng, S., Wang, L. S., Huang, Z. Q., Zhou, Q., Sun, Y. G., Cao, J. T., Li, Y. G., and Wang, C. Q. Berberine ameliorates inflammation in patients with acute coronary syndrome following percutaneous coronary intervention. Clin Exp.Pharmacol Physiol 2012;39(5):406-411. View abstract.

Xie, X., Meng, X., Zhou, X., Shu, X., and Kong, H. [Research on therapeutic effect and hemorrheology change of berberine in new diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes combining nonalcoholic fatty liver disease]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2011;36(21):3032-3035. View abstract.

Hu, Y., Ehli, E. A., Kittelsrud, J., Ronan, P. J., Munger, K., Downey, T., Bohlen, K., Callahan, L., Munson, V., Jahnke, M., Marshall, L. L., Nelson, K., Huizenga, P., Hansen, R., Soundy, T. J., and Davies, G. E. Lipid-lowering effect of berberine in human subjects and rats. Phytomedicine. 7-15-2012;19(10):861-867. View abstract.

Hayasaka, S., Kodama, T., and Ohira, A. Traditional Japanese herbal (kampo) medicines and treatment of ocular diseases: a review. Am J Chin Med 2012;40(5):887-904. View abstract.

Wang, N., Feng, Y., Cheung, F., Chow, O. Y., Wang, X., Su, W., and Tong, Y. A comparative study on the hepatoprotective action of bear bile and Coptidis Rhizoma aqueous extract on experimental liver fibrosis in rats. BMC.Complement Altern.Med 2012;12:239. View abstract.

Khin, Maung U., Myo, Khin, Nyunt, Nyunt Wai, Aye, Kyaw, and Tin, U. Clinical trial of berberine in acute watery diarrhoea. Br.Med.J.(Clin.Res.Ed) 12-7-1985;291(6509):1601-1605. View abstract.

Desai, A. B., Shah, K. M., and Shah, D. M. Berberine in treatment of diarrhoea. Indian Pediatr. 1971;8(9):462-465. View abstract.

Chun YT, Yip TT, Lau KL, and et al. A biochemical study on the hypotensive effect of berberine in rats. Gen Pharmac 1979;10:177-182. View abstract.

Tai, Y. H., Feser, J. F., Marnane, W. G., and Desjeux, J. F. Antisecretory effects of berberine in rat ileum. Am J Physiol 1981;241(3):G253-G258. View abstract.

Mohan, M., Pant, C. R., Angra, S. K., and Mahajan, V. M. Berberine in trachoma. (A clinical trial). Indian J Ophthalmol. 1982;30(2):69-75. View abstract.

Babbar, O. P., Chhatwal, V. K., Ray, I. B., and Mehra, M. K. Effect of berberine chloride eye drops on clinically positive trachoma patients. Indian J Med Res. 1982;76 Suppl:83-88. View abstract.

Miyazaki, H., Shirai, E., Ishibashi, M., Hosoi, K., Shibata, S., and Iwanaga, M. Quantitation of berberine chloride in human urine by use of selected ion monitoring in the field desorption mode. Biomed.Mass Spectrom. 1978;5(10):559-565. View abstract.

Kuo, C. L., Chou, C. C., and Yung, B. Y. Berberine complexes with DNA in the berberine-induced apoptosis in human leukemic HL-60 cells. Cancer Lett 7-13-1995;93(2):193-200. View abstract.

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