Each 2 tbsp (32 g) serving contains: Peanuts • evaporated Cane • Natural Oil Blend: Palm (fruit), Flaxseed • Salt (sodium 145 mg) • Molasses . Provides Short-Chain Omega-3 (ALA) 320 mg.
Brand name products often contain multiple ingredients. To read detailed information about each ingredient, click on the link for the individual ingredient shown above.
Below is general information about the effectiveness of the known ingredients contained in the product Smart Balance Peanut Butter Crunchy. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
INSUFFICIENT RELIABLE EVIDENCE to RATE
Below is general information about the safety of the known ingredients contained in the product Smart Balance Peanut Butter Crunchy. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
LIKELY SAFE ...when ground flaxseed is used orally and appropriately. Ground flaxseed has been safely used in numerous clinical trials in doses up to 30-60 grams daily for up to 1 year (6803,6808,8020,10952,10978,12908,12910) (16760,16761,16762,16765,16766,18224,21191,21194,21196,21198) (21199,21200,22176,22179,22180,22181,65866,66065) (101943,101949,101950).
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when flaxseed lignan extract or mucilage is used orally and appropriately. Some clinical research shows that a specific flaxseed lignan extract (Flax Essence, Jarrow Formulas) 600 mg daily can be used with apparent safety for up to 12 weeks (16768). Additional clinical research shows that other flaxseed lignin extracts can be used with apparent safety for up to 6 months (21193,21197,21200). In one clinical trial, flaxseed mucilage was used with apparent safety at a dose of up to 5120 mg daily for up to 12 weeks (108047)....when flaxseed is used topically in a warm poultice (101946).
POSSIBLY UNSAFE ...when raw or unripe flaxseed is used orally. Raw flaxseed contains potentially toxic cyanogenic glycosides (linustatin, neolinustatin, and linamarin); however, these glycosides have not been detected after flaxseed is baked (5899). Unripe flaxseeds are also thought to be poisonous when consumed due to cyanide content.
PREGNANCY: POSSIBLY UNSAFE
when used orally.
Flaxseed can have mild estrogenic effects. Theoretically, this might adversely affect pregnancy (9592,12907); however, there is no reliable clinical evidence about the effects of flaxseed on pregnancy outcomes.
LACTATION:
Insufficient reliable information available; avoid using.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally in food amounts. Palm oil can be safely consumed as a component of the diet (14031,14032). However, palm oil should not be considered a healthy alternative to other saturated fats. Palm oil contains more saturated fat than animal-based fats, including lard and butter, and increased consumption of palm oil has been associated with a higher risk for mortality from ischemic heart disease (14021,17739,94918,94920). Therefore, like all saturated fats, palm oil should be used in moderation.
POSSIBLY SAFE ...when used orally and appropriately in medicinal amounts, short-term. Palm oil has been used with apparent safety in clinical studies at doses of about 7-12 grams daily for up to 6 months (14030,14032,97572).
CHILDREN: POSSIBLY SAFE
when used orally and appropriately in medicinal amounts.
Palm oil has been used with apparent safety in clinical studies in children under 5 years of age at doses of 6 grams daily for up to 6 months and in children 5 years of age and older at doses of 9 grams daily for up to 12 months (14032,34466,67509,67534,67571,97572).
PREGNANCY: POSSIBLY SAFE
when used orally and appropriately in medicinal amounts.
Diets rich in palm oil or supplemented with palm oil have been used safely during the third trimester of pregnancy (14030,14031,14032).
LACTATION:
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of palm oil when used in medicinal amounts during lactation; avoid amounts in excess of those found in foods.
LIKELY SAFE ...when used orally in amounts commonly found in foods. Peanut oil has Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) status for use in foods in the US (4912). ...when used topically. There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of peanut oil when used orally in medicinal amounts or when used rectally.
PREGNANCY AND LACTATION:
There is insufficient reliable information available about the safety of medicinal amounts of peanut oil during pregnancy and breast-feeding; avoid using.
Below is general information about the interactions of the known ingredients contained in the product Smart Balance Peanut Butter Crunchy. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
Theoretically, antibiotics might interfere with the metabolism of flaxseed constituents, which could potentially alter the effects of flaxseed.
 Details
Some potential benefits of flaxseed are thought to be due to its lignan content. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), a major lignan precursor, is found in high concentrations in flaxseed. SDG is converted by bacteria in the colon to the lignans enterolactone and enterodiol (5897,8022,8023,9592). Antibiotics alter the flora of the colon, which could theoretically alter the metabolism of flaxseed.
|
Theoretically, using flaxseed in combination with anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs might have additive effects and increase the risk of bleeding.
Details
|
Theoretically, flaxseed might have additive effects when used with antidiabetes drugs and increase the risk for hypoglycemia.
Details
|
Theoretically, flaxseed might have additive effects when used with antihypertensive drugs and increase the risk of hypotension.
Details
|
Theoretically, taking flaxseed might decrease the effects of estrogens.
Details
Flaxseed contains lignans with mild estrogenic and possible antiestrogenic effects. The lignans seem to compete with circulating endogenous estrogen and might reduce estrogen binding to estrogen receptors, resulting in an anti-estrogen effect (8868,9593). It is unclear if this effect transfers to exogenously administered estrogens.
|
Theoretically, palm oil might decrease the effectiveness of antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs.
Details
The palm olein constituent in palm oil seems to increase platelet aggregation (14037).
|
Below is general information about the adverse effects of the known ingredients contained in the product Smart Balance Peanut Butter Crunchy. Some ingredients may not be listed. This information does NOT represent a recommendation for or a test of this specific product as a whole.
General
...Orally, flaxseed is usually well-tolerated.
Most Common Adverse Effects:
Orally: Bloating, diarrhea, gastrointestinal complaints.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
Orally: Severe allergic reactions such as and anaphylaxis.
Gastrointestinal
...Integrating flaxseed in the diet can cause digestive symptoms similar to other sources of dietary fiber including bloating, fullness, flatulence, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, dyspepsia, and nausea (12910,16761,16765,21198,21200,22176,22179,65866,101943).
Higher doses are likely to cause more gastrointestinal side effects. Flaxseed can significantly increase the number of bowel movements and the risk for diarrhea (6803,8021,16765). Doses greater than 45 grams per day may not be tolerated for this reason (6802). Metallic aftertaste and bowel habit deterioration have also been reported in a clinical trial (21198).
There is some concern that taking large amounts of flaxseed could result in bowel obstruction due to the bulk forming laxative effects of flaxseed. Bowel obstruction occurred in one patient in a clinical trial (65866). However, this is not likely to occur if flaxseed is consumed with an adequate amount of fluids.
Immunologic ...Occasionally, allergic and anaphylactic reactions have been reported after ingestion of flaxseed (16761). Handling and processing flaxseed products might increase the risk of developing a positive antigen test to flaxseed and hypersensitivity (6809,12911,26471,26482).
Oncologic ...Flaxseed contains alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). High dietary intake of ALA has been associated with increased risk for prostate cancer (1337,2558,7823,7147,12978). However, ALA from plant sources, such as flaxseed, does not seem to increase this risk (12909).
Other ...Orally, partially defatted flaxseed, which is flaxseed with less alpha-linolenic acid, might increase triglyceride levels (6808). Raw or unripe flaxseed contains potentially toxic cyanogenic glycosides (linustatin, neolinustatin, and linamarin). These chemicals can increase blood levels and urinary excretion of thiocyanate in humans. However, these glycosides have not been detected after flaxseed is baked (5899).
General ...Orally, palm oil is well tolerated.
Cardiovascular ...In population research, increased dietary intake of palm oil has been associated with a higher risk for mortality from ischemic heart disease, but not stroke (94920). The effect of oral palm oil on blood lipid levels differs depending on the diet to which it is compared and the patient population being studied. Some research suggests that diets rich in palm oil can increase levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol when compared with diets rich in monounsaturated and/or polyunsaturated fatty acids (106719). When substituted for other saturated fats in the diet, palm oil reduces total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol levels better than myristic and lauric acids, but increases these when compared with stearic acid (67533,67569,94913,94919). However, meta-analyses of studies in healthy individuals show that palm oil has no significant effects on total or LDL cholesterol or triglycerides when compared with unsaturated fatty acids, although it may increase HDL cholesterol in these individuals (103847,103848). If substituted for trans fatty acids, palm oil increases HDL cholesterol levels, with no impact on total or LDL cholesterol levels. When substituted for hydrogenated vegetable oils, the effect of palm oil on cholesterol levels is neutral. The effect of palm oil on cholesterol levels, regardless of the comparator fat source, appears to be more pronounced with older age, higher total intake of fat in the diet, and higher baseline cholesterol levels (94913).
Dermatologic ...Orally, red palm oil may cause carotenosis (also called carotenoderma), which is a yellow to yellow-orange discoloration of the skin caused by increased serum carotenoids and their subsequent deposition in the outermost layer of skin (14053). Due to the lipophilic nature of the carotenoids, the onset may be delayed and persist for up to 5 months after ceasing red palm oil consumption (67547).
Musculoskeletal ...In one clinical study, infants fed formula containing palm olein oil (a palm oil derivative) had reduced bone mineral content and bone mineral density at 3 and 6 months when compared with infants fed milk-based formula. However, this reduction is not considered clinically significant, as the values for all infants were within the normal range (14033).
General
...Orally and topically, peanut oil is well tolerated.
Serious Adverse Effects (Rare):
All routes of administration: Severe allergic reactions.
Immunologic ...Peanut oil can cause a severe allergic reaction in individuals allergic to the Fabaceae family. Members of this family include peanuts and soybeans (4079,4080). Peanut allergy is the number one cause of fatal food-induced anaphylaxis with hypersensitivity in 6% to 8% of children and 1% of adults. Various peanut protein allergens have been identified. Refined peanut oil, without contamination with peanut protein, is not allergenic. However, contamination of refined peanut oil can produce allergic reactions (94311).
